Test questions 2

Question 1

what is located on the anterior region of the body

Answer 1

patella

Question 2

what pair of common anatomical terms is mismatched

Answer 2

inguinal/foot. (inguinal is groin)

Question 3

what organelle is not involved in synthesis or packaging of proteins

Answer 3

lysosomes

Question 4

what type of tissue functions as a protective barrier

Answer 4

epithelial tissue

Question 5

in anatomical position, the body is

Answer 5

upright, arms at the sides, palms facing anterior

Question 6

the skin is ___ to the bones

Answer 6

superficial

Question 7

correct sequence of the path of air from the upper to lower respiratory tract

Answer 7

nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles

Question 8

surface tension of the alveolar fluid is reduced by the secretion of ___ by lung cells

Answer 8

surfactant

Question 9

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs across the alveolar membrane by the process of

Answer 9

diffusion

Question 10

contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles results in

Answer 10

a decrease in alveolar pressure

Question 11

lung cancer causes what type of compliance

Answer 11

low

Question 12

what condition causes the highest compliance

Answer 12

emphysema

Question 13

what parts of the upper respiratory tract is a shared pathway for both food and air

Answer 13

pharynx

Question 14

what prevents food from entering the air passage

Answer 14

epiglottis

Question 15

gas exchange between the blood and the alveoli would be compromised by an increase in

Answer 15

membrane thickness

Question 16

what happens normal expiration

Answer 16

the diaphragm and external intercostal muscle relax and the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases, while the pressure within it increases. As a result, the lungs contract and air is forced out.

Question 17

what happens in a normal inhalation

Answer 17

your diaphragm contracts and moves downward. This increases the space in your chest cavity, and your lungs expand into it. The muscles between your ribs also help enlarge the chest cavity. They contract to pull your rib cage both upward and outward when you inhale.

Question 18

when someone continuously holds his breath, eventually he will

Answer 18

automatically start to breath when the CO2 levels in the blood reach a high enough level

Question 19

erythrocytes of the blood

Answer 19

transport oxygen and some carbon dioxide

Question 20

what 2 vessels carry deoxygenated blood

Answer 20

pulmonary arteries and vena cava

Question 21

the arteries are thicker and more elastic than the veins because

Answer 21

arteries are under greater pressure

Question 22

a blood pressure might read 120/70. What is the highest number and what does it signify the heart is doing

Answer 22

systole and is the phase when the heart is contracting

Question 23

what is function of lymphatic tissue

Answer 23

collect excess fluid, immune response, filtration of interstitial fluid

Question 24

what is the consequence of increased hemoglobin in the blood

Answer 24

increased ability of the blood to carry oxygen to the tissues

Question 25

oxygenated blood passes through

Answer 25

bicuspid / mitral and aortic valves

Question 26

order of vessels a red blood cell would follow after leaving the left ventricle

Answer 26

artery, arteriole, capillary venule vein

Question 27

woman has a mastectomy, and left axillary lymph nodes, what is the consequence

Answer 27

affected lymph drainage in the left arm

Question 28

what does the colon do

Answer 28

absorption of water and vitamins

Question 29

what moves the bolus down the esophagus to the stomach

Answer 29

peristalsis

Question 30

the villi, microvilli and rugae function to ____

Answer 30

increase the surface area for absorption. Villi are small hair like projections in your small intestine to increase surface area to maximize nutrient absorption in the small intestine. Microvilli are even smaller hair found on villi which increase the surface area even MORE!
Once the chyme (food + gastric juice) comes out of the pyloric sphincter (entrance from stomach to small intestine), it meets the first part of the small intestine which is the duodenum and then the jejunum and the ileum. The duodenum is the shortest and the ileum is the longest.

Question 31

failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to close could result

Answer 31

gastric reflux

Question 32

what is associated with the large intestine

Answer 32

convert food into feces, absorbing essential vitamins produced by gut bacteria, and reclaiming water from feces. A slurry of digested food, known as chyme, enters the large intestine from the small intestine via the ileocecal sphincter.

Question 33

purpose of the pancreatic juice is

Answer 33

breaks down fats, starches, neutralizes acidic chyme

Question 34

Gall bladder secretes

Answer 34

Bile

Question 35

Protein digestion begins in the ___ and ends in the ___

Answer 35

Stomach / small intestines

Question 36

Pancreas secretes

Answer 36

Amylase for starch digestion

Question 37

Stomach secretes

Answer 37

Pepsinogen for protein digestion

Question 38

Liver secretes

Answer 38

Bile for emulsion of fats

Question 39

Which organ has both endocrine and digestive functions

Answer 39

Pancreas

Question 40

Inability of the pyloric sphincter to open would prevent

Answer 40

Food from moving from the stomach to the small intestine the duodenum