Cardio

Question 1

sinoatrial node (SA)

Answer 1

known as pacemaker, in the upper wall right artrium, accepts pulse from conduction system of the cardiac system

Question 2

atrioventricular node

Answer 2

in the wall of right atrium, accepts pulse from conduction system of the cardiac system

Question 3

conduction system 1st phase

Answer 3

cardiac cycle, triggers impulse in sinoatrial node, spreads to right & left artria causing them to contract and filling ventricle with blood

Question 4

conduction system 2nd phase

Answer 4

impulse reaches the atrioventricular node travels along the atrioventricular bundle down the right and left branches of the septum

Question 5

conduction system 3rd phase

Answer 5

from within the septum the impulse travels down to the Purkinje fibers, causing the filled ventricles to contract

Question 6

purkinje fibers

Answer 6

in the walls of the ventricles

Question 7

systole

Answer 7

contraction of the heart. pushes blood against the walls of the arteries at a maximum pressure

Question 8

diastole

Answer 8

follows the systole, is the rest phase where pressure is at a minimum where the ventricles relax and refills, recoils

Question 9

external control of heart

Answer 9

cardiac center of the brain, modulated by epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 10

myocardium

Answer 10

heart

Question 11

pericardium

Answer 11

sac around the heart, contains the four chambers

Question 12

median septum

Answer 12

divides the four chambers

Question 13

atria

Answer 13

2 superior, left/right are the receiving chambers

Question 14

ventricle

Answer 14

2 inferior, left/right are the pumping chambers

Question 15

right side of the heart

Answer 15

pumps deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, known as the pulmonary

Question 16

left side of the heart

Answer 16

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps out to the rest of the body, known as systemic

Question 17

atrioventricular valve

Answer 17

separates the atria and ventricles

Question 18

arterioles

Answer 18

smaller arteries. Arterioles connect to capillary and capillary beds to distribute blood

Question 19

venules

Answer 19

smaller veins, thinner, they are farther away from the blood pressure. connect the veins to the capillaries

Question 20

lymph vessels

Answer 20

thin walled and have one way valves that carry lymph.. Afferent lymph vessels flow into lymph nodes, while efferent lymph vessels flow out of them.

Question 21

lymph fluid

Answer 21

it is blood plasma that gets cleaned through lymph nodes and returned to the cardiac system by veins

Question 22

inferior vena cava

Answer 22

The inferior vena cava is a vein. It carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body to the right atrium of the heart.

Question 23

AV tricuspid

Answer 23

valve in the right atrium opening to the right ventricle

Question 24

pulmonary semilunar valve

Answer 24

valve in the right ventricle leading to the lungs

Question 25

pulmonary cycle

Answer 25

body>deoxygenated blood>superior/inferior vena cava>right atrium>AV tricuspid>right ventricle>pulmonary semilunar valve>pulmonary artery>lungs

Question 26

systemic cycle

Answer 26

oxygenated blood>pulmonary veins>left atrium>bicuspid mitral valve>left ventricle>aortic semilunar valve>aorta>body

Question 27

AV bicuspid mitral

Answer 27

valve in the left atrium opening to the left ventricle

Question 28

aorta semilunar valve

Answer 28

valve in the left ventricle leading to the body

Question 29

'lub'

Answer 29

first sound of the AV valves closing

Question 30

'dub'

Answer 30

second sound of the semilunar valves closing

Question 31

superior vena cava

Answer 31

carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the right atrium of the heart.

Question 32

hemoglobin

Answer 32

carries oxygen from the lungs to the bodies tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs

Question 33

capillaries

Answer 33

microscopic cells only one cell thick

Question 34

veins

Answer 34

carry blood from the body parts to the heart. Have one way valves

Question 35

lymph capillaries

Answer 35

intertwined with cardiovascular capillaries to absorb blood plasma that has leaked

Question 36

lymph nodes

Answer 36

contain lymphocytes which seek out pathogens in the fluid

Question 37

hypertension

Answer 37

can cause ruptures in the arterioles causing a stroke

Question 38

atherosclerosis

Answer 38

is a build up pf plaque in the walls which reduces the blood flow

Question 39

embolus

Answer 39

plaque traveling through the blood vessel

Question 40

stroke

Answer 40

occurs when blood flow to the brain is stopped causing death of brain tissue

Question 41

heart attack

Answer 41

myocardial infarction occurs when blood flow to the heart is stopped and cardiac tissue dies