Test Questions Flashcards
The subatomic particles found outside the nucleus of an atom are?
Electrons
The positively charged particle in an atom is the?
Proton
Temperature is a measurement of…
the speed of moving particles
A compound held together by opposite electrical charges is a(n)
Ionic compound
Covalent bonds form when atoms __________ electrons.
Share
pH is the abbreviation for…
Potential of hydrogen
A substance that is neither an acid or a base is…
Neutral
An atom that has an electrical charge.
Ion
- Lipid A. Monosaccharides
- Nucleic Acid B. Amino acids
- Protein C. Nucleotides
- Carbohydrate D. Fatty acids/glycerol
- D (Lipid)
- C (Nucleic Acid)
- B (Protein)
- A (Carb)
Lipid A Quick energy
Nucleic acid B Longterm energy, cell mem
Protein C Enzymes, muscle develop
Carb D Genetic material
Lipid - B
Nucleic acid - D
Protein - C
Carb - A
Which are unicellular: plants, animals or bacteria?
Bacteria
Which do not consist of eukaryotic cells: plants, animals, or bacteria?
Bacteria
The genetic material of a bacterium is located within its ___________________.
Nucleoid
A system of fibers within a bacterium that provides structure is the _______________.
Cytoskeleton
A cellular organelle that “reads” RNA and assembles amino acids into proteins is what?
Ribosome
The genetic material within the nucleus of a cell, consisting of DNA, RNA, and associated proteins is known as ___________________.
Chromatin
What happens to a cell if it is exposed to a temp outside of its range of tolerance?
The cell quickly dies
When cells and the solution surrounding them contain equal amounts of solute, the solution is said to be _______________.
Isotonic
Which type of transport across a cell membrane requires energy?
Active transport
True/False Cell theory is a model that explains the way cells work.
True
True/False Cells in a colony work together but cannot live independently from one another.
False
True/False Both Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells contain organelles.
True
True/False Homeostasis is the process by which a cell maintains a stable condition in its external environment.
False - in its internal environment
True/False Diffusion and osmosis are different words that mean the same process.
False - they are different processes
True/False Osmosis produces equal solution concentrations on both sides of a semipermeable membrane.
False - It moves from low to high solute concentration
True/False Semipermeable membranes allow particles in a solution to pass through in both directions.
True
True/False Passive transport can move particles from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration.
False - because it is passive, it needs to be active transport
What is the molecule that cells use to temporarily store energy?
Adenosine triphosphate
Why can’t cells directly use energy from glucose?
Glucose has too much energy
Which part of a nucleotide is different in each of the five kinds of nucleotide found in DNA or RNA?
Nitrogenous base
The 2 sides of the DNA “ladder” are held together by what?
Hydrogen bonds
In a DNA molecule, adenine always bonds to?
Thymine
How are proteins made?
By using information stored in DNA
What is the cellular organelle that reads an RNA strand and assembles amino acids into a protein?
Ribosome
Why do cells have a continuous supply of ATP?
ADP is recycled to make more ATP
Nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA store?
Information
Adjacent amino acids in a protein are joined by what kind of bonds?
Peptide
What does a transfer RNA match to it’s corresponding codon on the messenger RNA?
Anticodon
A triplet of nucleotide bases that corresponds to a particular amino acid is a what?
Codon
True/False Autotrophs are organisms that make their own food.
True
True/False Energy is released from ATP when it reacts with water to produce ADP.
True
Mistakes made during DNA replication can cause mutations.
True
True/False An RNA molecule is an exact duplicate of the DNA from which it is copied.
False
True/False RNA exits the nucleus through osmosis.
False
During replication, which sequence of nucleotides would bond with the DNA sequence TATGA?
ATACT
In which of the following ways does RNA differ from DNA?
RNA contains uracil and ribose
Which mRNA sequence would be made from the DNA sequence GGTACT?
CCAUGA
How many codons is the sequence UGCCAAGUUAGG made of?
4
Process of assembling a protein on the basis of the information in an RNA molecule.
Translation
Portion of an RNA molecule that does not contain information for making a protein and is removed prior to the RNA molecule leaving the nucleus.
Intron
Process of making a new DNA molecule by copying an existing DNA molecule.
Replication
Portion of an RNA molecule that codes for making a protein.
Exon
Process of copying an RNA molecule from a DNA molecule.
Transcription
