Test one (week one material) Flashcards
Charcoal poultice indications
Mastitis
Otitis media/externa
Abscesses
Constitutional hydrotherapy indications
Bronchitis
Constitutional hydrotherapy contraindications/cautions
Acute asthma
Acute bladder infection
Low temp <97.5F oral
Heat compress for throat indications
Sore throat/hoarseness
Inflammation of throat
Neck pain
constitutional hydrotherapy MOA
Promotes detox
Improves nutrition
Increases immune function
Heat compress for throat MOA
Increases circulation + decreases congestion in the throat and head
Sedating
Pain relieving
Increased healing response during acute infection
Onion poultice indications
Ear infections
Chest colds
Flu
Warming sock indications
Sore throat
Any inflammation or infection
Neck pain
Ear infections
Headaches/migraines
Nasal congestion
URI
Coughs
Bronchitis
Sinus infections
Warming sock MOA
Increases circulation and decreases congestion of upper respiratory passages, head, and throat
Sedation
Pain relief
Increases healing response during acute infections
Treatments for eye irritation
Ayurvedic or bates eye exercises
Treatments for soothing tired eyes
Sterile cotton balls in cold goats milk
Cucumber slices
Witch hazel
Treatments for burning eyes
Drop of:
Lukewarm liquid ghee
Castor oil
Cod liver oil
Treatments for acute inflammation of the eyes (glaucoma, iritis, conjunctivitis)
Hot compress
Cold potato poultice with cold water towel and wool
Conjunctivitis:
Small ice cold compresses, if chronic then alternating hot and cold
Treatments for cellulitis of eyes
Charcoal poultice
Hydro Treatments for otitis media
Constitutional hydro
Alternating hot and cold compresses
Warm lamp
Warming socks
Warmed salt in pillow case
Cold wet compress
Hydro treatment for sinusitis
Alternating hot and cold compresses over sinuses
Steam inhalation
Neti pot
Lions pose
Hydro treatments for pharyngitis/throat
Constitutional hydro with neck compress
Diathermy (if no fever)
High frequency (if fever)
Enema
Heating throat compress
Carrot poultice
Gargling salt water and turmeric
Antimicrobial tea
What makes up the outer ear anatomy?
Auricle
Travis
Antitragus
Helix
Lobule
External auditory meatus
Darwin’s tubercle
What makes up the middle ear anatomy?
Tympanic membrane (pars flaccida, pars Tessa, umbo, cone of light, short handle of malleus, manubrium long handle, long crus of incus)
Ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)
What makes up the inner ear anatomy?
Eustachian tube
Bony labyrinth (cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals)
Membranous labyrinth
Function of external ear
Collects sound energy and channels it into the head
Function of middle ear
TM captures and transmits sound energy > ossicles
Ossicles convert sound energy > mechanical energy + amplify it, transferring it to oval window of cochlea.
Function of inner ear
Bony labyrinth: protective/structural
Vestibule: proprioception and balance
Cochlea: conversion of sound energy > electrical energy. Vibrations from ossicles set ends lymph into motion, which causes a flow of positive K+ ions across the neg hairs on organ of corti, causing a synapse to fire to the auditory area of temporal lobe vis 8th cranial nerve > interpreted as sound
What is the only vascularized epithelium in the body?
Stria vascularis is of the inner ear
Stria vascularis function
Cells high in mitochondria; backup “battery” for organ of corti, helps to maintain endolymph. It’s vascular supply provides nutrients to the organ of corti while keeping the vessels at a distance minimizing the distraction of noise from blood flow
Ddx of ear pain
Dermatitis
Chondrites
Lichen planus
Otitis external
Otitis media
Impacted cerumen
Foreign bodies
Osteoma
Rupture
What is an osteoma
Benign outgrowth of bone found mainly on skull bones
Hx differences between AOM and OME
Hx AOM:
Secondary to URI
Children <10
Unilateral, blockage sensation, hearing loss > fever; worse at night/lying down
Insomnia, irritability, anorexia (best clues in infant)
Hx OME:
Painless
Popping or gurgling sounds
Plugged feeling
Aural fullness
Allergies or VRI common causes
TM appearance in AOM vs OME
AOM: red, inflamed, cloudy, fullness/bulging
OME: yellow, amber
Are fever/cervical lymphadema signs of AOM or OME?
AOM
What condition may show bubbles or fluid level retraction and tenting over the short handle of the malleus?
OME
Light reflex is affected how in AOM?
Smaller and distorted
What finding may be found on pneumatic otoscopy in AOM?
Middle ear fluid or pus
What is the pathophys lichen simplex chronicus?
Itch/scratch cycle after initial insult such as a bug bite
Mainly outer canal and concha
What is Seborrheic dermatitis
Scaly, erythema, and lesions on scalp, eyebrows, and outer ear
Atopic dermatitis can be caused by what and appears how?
Atopic pt (eczema, asthma, hay fever)
Lesions on flexion folds, ear canal
What condition can be confused with otitis externa? How to differentiate them?
Atopic dermatitis; but AD is sterile, there’s no WBC, no infection
What tissues are affected by erysipelas and acute cellulitis?
Erysipelas: upper dermis and superficial lymphatics
Cellulitis: deeper dermis and subcutaneous fat
RF for erysipelas/acute cellulitis
Secondary to another dermatitis or trauma
How might erysipelas/acute cellulitis present
Fever, chills
Cellulitis: may or may not have purulence
Erysipelas: non-prurulent, can spread along facial planes and involve entire auricle
Infectious chondritis is what? And usually follows what condition?
Deeper infection involving cartilage; usually follows Erysipelas
Sx of infectious chondritis
Entire ear hot, red; including lobe
Fever, nausea, chills
What is relapsing poly chondritis?
Non-infectious systemic dz, bilateral auricular chondritis, possibly autoimmune
Relapsing poly chondritis sx
DEEP redness, spares lobes, only affects where cartilage is
Nasal chondritis
Ocular chondritis
Arthritis
Sx of lichen planus
Flat topped violet papules on skin
Four “P’s”
Pruritis
Purple (slight violet hue)
Polygonal
Papules or plaques
RF otitis externa
Change in pH acidic>alkaline
Increased temp and humidity
Mild trauma, frequent cleaning, alterations in ear canal microbiome
Swimming
Dermatitis
Sx otitis externa
Tender, swollen ear canal
Pain IN ear canal
Auricle and tragic very tender to manipulation
Pruruitis to severe pain
Aural fullness and conductive hearing loss due to blockage of auditory canal
Fever
Insomnia from pain
Malignant (necrotizing) otitis externa RF
Immunocompromised: DM, alcoholic, malnourished
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staph aureus, fungi
What is malignant (necrotizing) otitis externa?
Progressive otitis externa that invades underlying cartilage/bone; rare but dangerous
Malignant (necrotizing) otitis externa sx
Sever otalgia and otorrhea with pain that appears out of proportion to PE findings
Bell’s palsy, facial nerve paralysis and death, osteomyelitis, hearing loss
Otitis externa PE findings
Red ear canal
Exudate
Ear may be swollen shut
