Test One Vocab

Question 1

Virulence

Answer 1

The ability to cause disease

Question 2

Opportunistic Pathogens

Answer 2

An organism that is only able to cause disease when its host is immune suppressed

Question 3

Eukaryotes

Answer 3

An organism that consists of cells that genetic material is DNA

Question 4

Capsule

Answer 4

Polysacccrihide layer around some bacteria.

Allows for resistance from phagocytosis

Question 5

Ribosome

Answer 5

Sites for protein synthesis, contain RNA and Associated proteins

Question 6

Isotonic

Answer 6

Equal concentrations of water and solute

Question 7

Endotoxin

Answer 7

Released when bacteria cell dies.
Causes disease
Found in LPS

Question 8

Mycoplasm

Answer 8

Bacteria that do not have a cell wall

Ex. M. Pneumonia

Question 9

Hemiths

Answer 9

Parasitic Worms (Fluke, tape, and nematodes)

Question 10

Trematodes

Answer 10

Parastic worms known as fluke
Large in size
Get into solid tissue

Question 11

Pathogen

Answer 11

A bacterium, virus, or other organism that may cause disease

Question 12

Epidemiology

Answer 12

Branch of medicine that deals with incidence and prevention of disease

Question 13

Prokaryotes

Answer 13

Single celled organism that has no distinct nucleus or other organelles

Question 14

Fimbrae (Pilli)

Answer 14

Allows for movement and adherence to host

Allows for bacteria to transfer antibiotic resistant genes.

Question 15

Inclusion Bodies

Answer 15

Found in the cytoplasm of cell.

Used to store molecules that are used for Energy

Question 16

Peptidoglycan

Answer 16

The substance that forms the cell wall of most bacteria

Differs between gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Question 17

Periplasm

Answer 17

Found in gram negative cell wall

Functions as a defense mechanism

Question 18

Archae

Answer 18

Member of the prokaryotes
Contains no peptidoglycan in cell wall
Not sensitive to antibiotics

Question 19

Fungi

Answer 19

Member of the Eukaryotes
Most are multicellular
Absorbs organic material from environment
(Ex. Green Mold= Penicillin)

Question 20

Algae

Answer 20

Member of Eukaryotes
May be Uni or multicelluar
Produces oxygen and carbohydrates for other organisms to use

Question 21

pathogenisis

Answer 21

The development of a disease

Question 22

Nucleoid

Answer 22

Contains all genetic material inside of a prokaryotic organism

Question 23

Binary Fission

Answer 23

Prokaryotes way of reproducing themselves

Question 24

Cell membrane

Answer 24

Acts as a permeable barrier

Allows only hydrophobic molecules through

Question 25

Lipopolysaccharide

Answer 25

Found in gram negatives
Contains Endotoxins
Causes inflammation and fever

Question 26

Outer Membrane

Answer 26

Only found in gram negative
Protective Barrier
Resistent to antibiotics and anteseptics
Allows for diffusion of small molecules

Question 27

Protists

Answer 27

Members of Eukaryotes
May cause disease
Responsible for Malaria

Question 28

Normal Microbial Flora

Answer 28

All bacteria found within an organism that doesn’t cause disease

Question 29

Chromosone

Answer 29

Carries genetic information in the form of genes

Question 30

Virulence Factor

Answer 30

Molecules produced by the pathogen allowing them to be more pathogenic

Question 31

Axial Fillament

Answer 31

Central filament of flagellum

Question 32

Lipid A

Answer 32

Found in outer-membrane
Anchors LPS
Responsible for endotoxin activity

Question 33

O-Antigen

Answer 33

Found in the LPS
Immunogenic
Used for diagnostic tests
Used to determine which bacteria 
 (ex. E.coli 0157)

Question 34

Virus

Answer 34

Non-cellular parasitic cells
DNA or RNA surrounded by protein
Some may be enveloped
(ex. Herpes Virus)