Test One Flashcards
Cultural relativism
There are different values based on different cultures/beliefs
Ethnocentrism
Assumption that own culture and belief is the norm
Multi-cultural education
Deals with ethnic diversity within the US. There are four levels
- Contributions
- Additive
- Transformative
- Social action
MCE 1. Contributions
Emphasizes what minority groups have contributed to society.
Ex: international food day, black history month.
MCE 2. Additive
Adding material to the curriculum to address what has been omitted.
Ex: reading the color purple in English class
MCE 3. Transformative
An expanded perspective is taken that deals with issues of historic, ethnic, cultural, and linguistic injustice and equality as a part of the American experience.
This is when students are moved to action due to what they learn and feel.
MCE 4. Social Action
Extension of the transformative approach to add students research/action projects to initiate change in a society.
First language
By 5 years old, a child will have use of the first language.
Pragmatics
The study of communication in context. How context affects interpretation of language.
Prejudice
Pre-judge.
Assumptions.
Stereotype
Over generalization of a particular way of being.
Racism
I am superior to you
Syntax
Refers to rules that governs formation of language and sentences.
Acculturation
Both cultures are kept
Assimilation
Abandoning own culture to take on a new culture
Accommodation
Mutual process: involves adaptations by members of the mainstream culture in repo se to a minority culture, who in turn accept some cultural change in adapting to the mainstream.
Biculturalism
Being able to function successfully in two cultures.
Globalism
Emphasizes the cultures and people’s of other lands.
Egocentric
Knows of other cultures but feels own is superior to all else
Cognates-true
Words that sound similar and have similar meanings in two languages.
Cognates-false
Words that sound similar and do not have the same meaning in two languages
Institutional racism
A set of practices or policies condoned by the school that privileges some students and discriminates against others
Macro/mainstream culture
Those individuals or groups who share values of the dominant macro culture
American mainstream are characterized by:
Individualism and privacy
Independence and self-reliance
Equality
Ambition and industriousness competitiveness
Appreciation of the good life
Perception that humans are separate from and superior to nature
Morphology
The study if the meaning units in a language. Some words have sampling words within and contain their own meaning
Registry
Formal and informal
It is evident. And. You know.
Hallidays 7 language functions
Instrumental Regulatory Informative Interactional Personal Heuristic Imaginative
Instrumental
Getting needs met
Regulatory
Controlling others behaviors
Informative
Communicating information
Interactional
Establishing personal relationships
Personal
Expressing induviduality
Heuristic
Investigating and acquiring knowledge
Imaginative
Expressing fantasy or possibility
Morpheme
Small units that cannot be further divided, are the basic building blocks of meaning
Free morphemes
Envelope, the, through. They can stand alone
Bound morphemes
-ing, dis-, they must have a root word to have meaning
Phonemic awareness
The ability to work with Phonemes. To add or subtract different sounds.
Race
Refers to a persons physical appearance such as skin color, eye color, hair color, bone/jaw structure
Ethnicity
Relates to cultural factors such as nationality, culture, ancestry, language and beliefs
Phases of acculturation
Euphoria- honeymoon period
Cultural fatigue/shock
Adjustment
The five structures of language are
Phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics
Phonology
The way in which speech sounds form patterns. Involves analyzing how sounds function in a given language or dialect.
Morphology
The study of the structure of words. Morphemes are studied by investigating the possible combos.
Syntax
Study of the structure of sentences and sentence patterns of a language.
Semantics
The study of the meaning of language
Pragmatics
Examines how context affects meaning and function
