TEST on Unit 2 Module 1 Flashcards
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What is the single most pervasive unifying factor in the Middle East?
The Islamic civilization
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What are the four contemporary aspects that dominate the world’s perception of the area?
- enourmous petroleum resources
- the political tension arising from the Arab-Israeli confrontation
- The bewildering rivalries among leaders and states
- The extremism among zealous Muslims, Jews, and Christians
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What is the core of the Middle East?
The Fertile Crescent
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Define Levant
rising of the sun signifying the East
A term used by the Italians to designate the lands near the coast of the easter Mediterranean.
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Where is the Maghrib (Maghreb)
a term that the Arabs use
Northwestern Africa
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Where is the Mashriq?
a term that the Arabs use
East of Libya
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Why have some geographers included the countries of North Africa in their studies of the Middle East?
Since the early years of Islam, North Africa has been linked to the Middle East.
This link means that North Africa is also Arab and Muslim
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What have been the 4 focal points of imperial power in the region?
- Mesopotamia
- Asia Minor
- Nile Valley
- Iranian Plateau
The Syrian realm is a possibel fifth
The Middle East is located at the tricontinental hub of _____, _____, ______
Europe, Asia, Africa
The Middle East has a ____ shape
seas penetrate deeply into the land that made maritime movements of the peoples of the area easy, provide access to the region, and serve as natural insulation between groups
irregular
The Middle East produced the earliest integrated civilizations, villages, towns, WHERE?
The Fertile Crescent
Ideas, techniques, and implements from the Fertile Crescent diffused to other similar environments and mixed with impressive civilizations in those areas
Birthplace of three monotheistic religions
____ , ___ , ____
Judaism, Christianity, Islam
_ produced the earliest known writing and high levels of science and math therefore the Middle East spread outward and gave rise to consecutive ____
Mesopotamia
battles among anicient empires
Define Petroleum
Fossil Fuel
The Middle East is an resource area for 65% of the world’s ___
petroleum
Define nomenclature
the devising or choosing of names for things
Define Delimitation
the action of fixing the boundary or limits of something
What are the five major concepts of geography?
- Location
- Place
- Region
- Migration
- Human-environmental interactions
Location can be described in two ways. Explain the two ways.
absolute: describes the position of a feature or event in space using some form of coordinates
relative: uses descriptive text to describe the position of the feature to another object or event.
Location answers the question:
Where is it?
Place looks at the ___ and ____ attributes
Physical and Cultual
What are some Physical Characteristics of Place?
weather, temperature, land, soil, animal, and plant life
What are some Cultural Charactertistics of a Place?
languages, religions, ethnicity, where and how people settle, transportation, economics, and politics
Regions are grouping of geographic information. A region is defined by one or more charactertics such as…
(3)
physical features, political boundaries, culture
Define Migration
the movement of humans from one place to another
When does migration happen?
when the perceived interaction of Push and Pull factors overcome the friction of moving
Example of Migration in the Middle East
Thousands of Jews go to the Middle East, the birthplace of Judaism, while thousands of Christians leave the Middle East.
Example of Human-Environment Interaction in the Middle East
Most of the petroleum known reserves (two-thirds) lie in the Middle East
What are some seas that border the Middle East (Region)
The Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, the Persian Gulf, and the Red sea
What are some physical features of the Middle East
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Climate: Hot and Arid - Fairly hot all year round
