Test No. 3 Grammer Flashcards
The Four Uses of Commas
1) Separates items in lists
2) After introductory clauses for clarification
3) Before FANBOYS conjunctions
4) to enclose non-essential information
Singular Noun Apostrophes
Uses apostrophe + s to show posession
Plural Noun Apostrophes
Just an apostrophe for plurals ending in S
Irregular Noun Apostrophes
If plural and not ending in S, add ‘s to most irregular nouns
What do semicolons do?
Links closely related independent clauses with conjunction
What do colons do?
Introduces a list, quotation, explanation
Main Rule for Colons
They may only come after a complete sentence
What are dashes used for?
They are used for emphasis or to introduce a list
What do parenthesis do?
They are used for additional info. or side notes (without disrupting the flow.)
What are run-ons sentences?
Run-ons avoid joining independent clauses without proper punctuation or conjunctions.
What are fragment sentences?
Incomplete sentences. (Avoided by ensuring sentences have subjects and verbs)
What do quotation marks do?
They enclose direct speech or quotations.
What is the main rule of quotation marks?
Commas and periods remain inside of quotation marks while ? and ! go inside if part of quoted material.