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Unit 3 Geography Test Notes > Test: Monday Jan 13 > Flashcards

Test: Monday Jan 13 Flashcards

1
Q

What years are studied for wildlife impacts due to climate change?

A

2081-2100.

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2
Q

What are the three scenarios for climate change?

A

Low-emission: Limited climate change.
Medium-emission: Moderate climate change.
High-emission: Extreme climate change.

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3
Q

How did researchers study the impact of climate change on wildlife habitats?

A

They used computer models to predict impacts on 200 species across 60 Canadian and U.S. cities for 2081-2100.

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4
Q

What is a hurricane?

A

A strong tropical storm with powerful winds circulating around a low-pressure center.

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5
Q

How do hurricanes form?

A

Over tropical waters warmer than 26.5°C, where water vapor rises, creating inward air movement.

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6
Q

What scale measures hurricanes?

A

Saffir-Simpson scale (Categories 1-5).

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7
Q

How much food is wasted yearly worldwide?

A

13 billion tonnes.

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8
Q

How much food is wasted annually in Canada?

A

$3.1 billion worth.

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9
Q

What are the most wasted foods?

A

Fruits and vegetables.

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10
Q

What are greenhouse gases?

A

Gases that trap the sun’s heat, enabling life on Earth.

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11
Q

What disrupted the greenhouse effect?

A

Burning fossil fuels over the past 200 years.

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12
Q

What was agreed upon at the Paris Agreement in 2015?

A

Limit global warming to below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.

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13
Q

How much financial aid did developing countries request at COP29?

A

$1.3 trillion.

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14
Q

How much financial help was agreed upon?

A

$300 billion annually by 2035.

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15
Q

What is “Food Rescue”?

A

Preventing good surplus food from being wasted by redistributing it to feed people in need.

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16
Q

What is “Food Banks”?

A

Accepting donations from individual community members and businesses

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17
Q

What urban agriculture initiative does Montreal have?

A

Rooftop greenhouses (Luffa Farm) with no pesticides or fertilizers.

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18
Q

What revitalization efforts were made in Toronto?

A

Sugar Beach and Brickworks built on old industrial sites, largest ravine system in the world.

19
Q

What innovative technology does Edmonton use for waste management?

A

Reuses materials and aims to recycle 90% of waste.

20
Q

What is Vancouver’s smart transit priority?

A

Pedestrians, bikes, and public transit, powered by wood waste energy.

21
Q

What sustainable practices does Beijing employ?

A

Air purifier towers and solar farms.

22
Q

How is Seoul improving sustainability?

A

Transit systems, water systems, and more gardens.

23
Q

What is Detroit’s “Tiny Homes” project?

A

A social initiative for affordable housing.

24
Q

How does Rotterdam deal with floods?

A

Sea barriers, floating parks, and water-collecting car parks.

25
Q

What adaptations has Ahmedabad made for extreme heat?

A

Cool roofs and white-painted buildings.

26
Q

How is population density calculated?

A

Population ÷ Area (km²).

27
Q

What are two advantages of low population density?

A

Greater resource availability and lower unemployment.

28
Q

What are two disadvantages of low population density?

A

Aging population and decreased cultural diversity.

29
Q

What are the three stages of human settlements?

A

Hunter/Gatherer, Agricultural, and Industrial Revolution.

30
Q

Name the six types of human settlements.

A

Hamlet, Village, Town, City, Metropolis, Megalopolis.

31
Q

What is an example of a low-order good?

A

Milk

32
Q

What is an example of a medium-order good?

A

Clothing

33
Q

What is an example of a high-order good?

A

Car

34
Q

What percentage of urban land is used for residential purposes? Examples?

A

40% - houses, apartments

35
Q

How is residential density defined?

A

By the number of housing units in a hectare (size of two football fields).

36
Q

What are examples of low-density housing?

A

Single-family homes and semi-detached homes.

37
Q

What are examples of medium-density housing?

A

Townhouses and low-rise apartments.

38
Q

What are examples of high-density housing?

A

High-rise apartments.

39
Q

What percentage of urban land is used for transportation? Examples?

A

32% - Sidewalks, roads, and highways.

40
Q

What percentage of urban land is used for institutional purposes? Examples?

A

10% - Schools and hospitals.

41
Q

What percentage of urban land is used for open space and recreation? Examples?

A

7% - Parks and playgrounds.

42
Q

What percentage of urban land is used for industrial purposes? Examples?

A

6% - Factories and warehouses.

43
Q

What percentage of urban land is used for commercial purposes? Examples?

A

5% - Stores and malls.

Unit 3 Geography Test Notes (3 decks)

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