Test Guide #3 Flashcards
What are non-metal, non-metal bonds called?
Covalent or molecular bonds
What holds covalent and molecular bonds together?
Elements in them are held to gather in groups called molecules.
Ionic compounds contain?
A metal and a non-metal.
What are the prefixes in order from 1-10 for covalent compounds?
What do these prefixes indicate?
Mono Di Tri Tetra Penta Hexa Hepta Octa Nona Deca Number of atoms of the element in the compound.
Exception rule about oxygen?
Only use the prefix MONO with oxygen if it is the second compound in the element, (I.E.- Carbon Monoxide)
Exception around mono?
Never use mono when naming the first element if the element only has one atom of it.
Rule about “aa” and “ao”?
When “aa” of “ao” occur in a name, change the sound to O and spell it as such.
Formula mass is the same as?
This is the same thing as molecular weight and molecular mass.
Formula for mass
Formula mass= (number of atoms of 1rst element in chemical formula X atomic mass of 1rst element) + (number of atoms of 2nd element in chemical formula X atomic mass of 2nd element)
Boyle’s Law
V=1/P
This means that volume is equal to 1/pressure. This means that they are inversely proportional in a given space. So if volume increased, then pressure decreases, but if volume decreased, then pressure increases.
Charle’s law
Says that temperature and volume of a gas and directly proportional. As one increases so does the other.
V/T= constant
V1(T1)=V2(T2)
Avagadro’s Law
Avagadro’s Number
As the amount of gas increases, so does the amount of volume.
We can use this law to calculate the volume of a gas when more gas particles are added so long as the temperature and pressure remain constant.
V1/N1=V2/N2
6.022 X 10 to the 23
One mole of anything is equal to Avagadro’s number
What are the five major types of Chemical reactions?
Synthesis Reduction (decomposition) Combustion Single displacement (replacement) Double displacement (replacement)
What are the diatomic molecules?
Hydrogen Nitrogen Fluorine Oxygen Iodine Chlorine Bromide
What decrease flammability?
Halogens- so the more halogen, the less flammable things are.
