Test: American and French Revolutions Flashcards
Who were the Loyalists and what happened to the Loyalists in the U.S. after the American Revolution?
Not all American supported the revolution. Approximately one in five was strongly in favour of British rule.
These Loyalists were persecuted by revolutionary patriots during the war. Patriots abused the Loyalists, and they burned their homes and farms.
When the American Revolution ended and the Treaty of Paris was signed, between 80,000 and 100,000 Loyalists had to leave thier homes in the United States. Some went to England or other British colonies. Many went to Canada.
What are two of the major outcomes of the American Revolution for the colonies in America?
- The United States became an independent country free of British rule. Under the Treaty of Paris, Britain recognized the United States as an independent country.
- The revolution contributed to the creation of modern Canada. The Loyalists who settled in Quebec wanted to be government separately from the French-speaking Canadianes. This led to the creation of Upper Canada (English) and Lower Canada (French). Upper Canada was English-speaking and Protestant with British laws and institutions. Lower Canada was French-speaking and Catholic. Upper Canada became Ontario. Lower Canada became Quebec.
What were the First Estate, Second Estate and Third Estate in French society?
The Three Estates were at the heart of French society. A person was born into an estate and usually lived in it all of his or her life.
First Estate: The clergy (church). The Church could demand a tithe (tax) from peasants of 10% of their income.
Second Estate: The nobles - some from old families and some who had received noble status from the king in return for services or money.
Third Estate: Everybody else, from the wealthiest banker to the poorest farmer. Many were very poor and heavily taxed.
The First and Second Estates along with the monarch had most of the power and wealth
What were the First Estate, Second Estate and Third Estate in French society?
The Three Estates were at the heart of French society. A person was born into an estate and usually lived in it all of his or her life.
First Estate: The clergy (church). The Church could demand a tithe (tax) from peasants of 10% of their income.
Second Estate: The nobles - some from old families and some who had received noble status from the king in return for services or money.
Third Estate: Everybody else, from the wealthiest banker to the poorest farmer. Many were very poor and heavily taxed.
The First and Second Estates along with the monarch had most of the power and wealth in society, even though they were the smallest group. This was a significant factor in the French revolution.
What were three of the major causes of the French Revolution?
- The Estate system left most people without power, poor and heavily taxed. The middle classes and poor people joined forces against the nobility and the monarch.
- The monarchy, Louis 16th and Marie Antoinette, were very unpopular and out of touch.
- A financial crisis and food shortages made life more difficult for people in France.
How did the French Revolution fundamentally change French society in the late 1700s?
It made France more democratic, declaring equality of all people. Feudal dues and customs were abolished and slavery was ended in all French colonies.
Revolutionary leaders established a uniform system of weights and measures known as the metric system. They also called for free public schools so all citizens could receive an education.
How did the American Revolution fundamentally change U.S. society in the late 1700s?
The Declaration of Independence was one of the most important revolutionary documents in world history. It proposed that a new nation, the United States, would be based on the belief that people have certain rights that no government can take away.
