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reflexology > test > Flashcards

test Flashcards

1
Q

The sum total of all chemicals in the body is called

A

metabolism

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2
Q

The breaking down of molecules in the body is called

A

catabolism

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3
Q

The building up of molecules in the body is called

A

Anabolism

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4
Q

dynamic equilibrium in which the internal environment remains constant is called

A

Homeostasis

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5
Q

smallest unit of life is a

A

cell

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6
Q

a cluster of similar cells performing a simular funtion

A

tissue

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7
Q

2 or more different tissues grouped together to carry out a common function.

A

organ

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8
Q

association of organs whose activities are coordinated to fulfill a common purpose.

A

system

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9
Q

The 4 main types of tissue are

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve

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10
Q

How do epithelial tissue and connective tissue differ from each other

A

Epithelial tissue is closely packed cells (forms glands)

Connective tissue is loosely collection embedded in a non living matrix

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11
Q

tissue has a matrix that is rich in collagen fibers

A

Fibrous connective tissue

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12
Q

a cord of fibrous connective tissue which links muscle to bone

A

A tendon

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13
Q

a cord of fibrous connective tissue which links bone to bone

A

A ligerment

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14
Q

a sheet of fibrous connective tissue which covers skeletal muscles

A

Fascia

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15
Q

Skin ,hair, nails, sweat glands and oil glands make up the

A

integumentary system

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16
Q

The skin consist of an outer layer called the

A

Epidermis

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17
Q

The skin consist of an inner layer called the

A

Dermis

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18
Q

The epidermis is composed of

A

epithelial tissue

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19
Q

The dermis is composed of

A

fibrous connective tissue

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20
Q

name of the tough water resistant protein which is found in the skin,hair and nails

A

Keratin

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21
Q

A herniated disc can encroach on the

A

spinal cord or spinal nerve resulting in pain or numbness

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22
Q

An excessive anterior curvature of the vertebral column is called

A

Lordosis

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23
Q

An excessive posterior curvature of the vertebral column is called

A

Kyphosis

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24
Q

A lateral curvature of the vertebral column is called

A

Scoliosis

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25
Q

The pollex refers to the

A

thumb

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26
Q

The hullux refers to the

A

great toe

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27
Q

The hollow area on the anterior of the wrist is called the

A

carpal tunnel.

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28
Q

Collapse of this hollow area results in entrapment of the median nerve, a condition known as

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

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29
Q

what is sac of fibrous connective tissue which protects soft tissue from bony surfaces

A

A bursa

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30
Q

Inflammation of the bursa is called

A

bursitis

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31
Q

Skeletal muscle tissue is also known as

A

striated muscle because the cells have light and dark bands

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32
Q

what muscle tissue is found around the walls of internal organs and blood vessels

A

smooth

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33
Q

what muscle tissue is found around the wall of the heart

A

cardiac

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34
Q

The cells of the nervous system which conduct electrical signals are called

A

neurons

35
Q

What is a ganglion?

A

A cluster of cell bodys outside of the CNS

36
Q

What is a nerve?

A

A bundle of axons outside the CNS

37
Q

What is a reflex?

A

A quick involuntary response to a stimulus

38
Q

The neural pathway that makes a reflex possible is called a

A

reflex arc

39
Q

what reflex is an abnormal reflex in which the toes extend rather than flex in response to stoking of the planter surface of the foot.

A

The Babinski relex

40
Q

The two main componemts of blood are

A

blood cells and plasma

41
Q

what is also known as red blood cells that carry oxygen

A

Erythrocytes

42
Q

what is also known as white blood cells defending the body from pathogens

A

Leukocytes

43
Q

also known as platets initiate the clotting reaction

A

Thromocytes

44
Q

what defenses are inborn and give us general protection from pathogens

A

Out inate defenses

45
Q

convey blood away from the heart

A

arteries

46
Q

convey blood towards the heart

A

Veins

47
Q

Veins and arteries are connected by a network of microscopic blood vessels called

A

capillaries

48
Q

What is edema?

A

Build of tissue fluid around the cells

49
Q

What is inflammation?

A

The tissues response to an irritant

50
Q

What are the 4 cardinal signs of inflamation?

A

Edima
Redness
Heat
Pain

51
Q

the longest vein in the body

A

The great saphenous vein

52
Q

The pea size pellets which filter lymph as it flows along lumph vessels are called

A

lyph nodes

53
Q

The continues tube through which food passes is called

A

alimentary canal

54
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

Rythmic contration of the mussels in the allimentary canal

55
Q

The liver converts what into bile salts?

A

Colestral

56
Q

What is composed of cholesterol, bile salts and waste products removed from the blood by the liver?

A

Bile

57
Q

Swelling of the veins on the inner wall of the anal cannal is called

A

hemroids

58
Q

what links the pharynx to the middle ear

A

The Eustachain tube, also know as the auditory tube,

59
Q

what are microscopic tubules in the kidneys that filter waste products out of the blood and collect it as urine

A

Collecting tubules

60
Q

is the condition in which the inner lining of the uterus shows excessive growth of tissue, leading to cramping and excessive bleeding

A

Endometriosis

61
Q

The prostrate is a donut shabe organ situated under the

A

bladde

62
Q

The funtion of the prostate is to make

A

seminal fluid

63
Q

Three forms of prostate enlargement are

A

Benign prostatic hypertrophy: (enlarged but nothing else wrong)
Prostate carcinoma: (cancer)
Prostatitis: (infection of the prostate)

64
Q

what is a cronic skin inflamation characterized by a red area, pimples and cysts, due to blockage and bactererial infection of the oil glands and hair follicles

A

Acne

65
Q

The lesions associated with fungal skin infections are called

A

tinea

66
Q

what is scar tissue that grows beyond the original site of the injury

A

Keloid scar

67
Q

what is a strep infection of the skin, usually occurring in the face or lower leg, characterized by redness and tenderness in the involved areas of the skin, as well as fever and chills

A

Cellulitis

68
Q

starts as a small patch which spreads , and then the central area heals creating a ring like rash

A

ring worm

69
Q

what is a viral infection that can occur around The lips and genitals; both are transmitted through secretions

A

Herpes

70
Q

Warts are benign tumors of the epidermis caused by

A

a viral infection

71
Q

what are patches of skin which have become thickened with extra keratin due to frequent friction or pressure

A

Calluses and corns

72
Q

consists of red itchy and scaly patches on the skin due to epidermal cells replicating excessively

A

Psoriasis

73
Q

are benign tumors consiting of melanocytes which reproduce rapidly and produce extra melanin

A

Moles

74
Q

is unconctolled prolifercation of melanocytes

A

Malignant melanoma

75
Q

is uncontrolled proliferation of the keratin producing cells of the eppidermis. It is common on the ears lower lip and hands
`

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

76
Q

is charaterized by pain or numbness in the foot due to entrapment of the plantar nerve by a tumor

A

Morton neuroma

77
Q

what is a condition in which the first metatarsphalangeal joint is deviated away from the rest of the foot. The devation and irritation of the joint results in the formation of a callus on the outside and a bursa on the inside.

A

A bunion

78
Q

The pain from a bunion is typically the result of inflamation of the

A

bursa

79
Q

is inflammation and/or degeneration of the plantar fascia

A

Plantar fasciitis

80
Q

what toe is abeformaty of the proximal interphangeal joint of the second, third or fourth toe, causing it to be permanently flexed

A

hammer

81
Q

what toe is hyperextension of the metatarsophalangeal joint, combined with flexion of both the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints

A

claw

82
Q

what is known as peroneal muscular atrophy, is a condition characterized by progressive loss of muscle tissue and touch sensation common in the hands and feet

A

charcot-marie-tooth neuropathy

83
Q

refers to damage of the peripheral nerves leading to pain or numbness

A

Peroneal neuropothy

reflexology (2 decks)

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