test Flashcards

(83 cards)

1
Q

The sum total of all chemicals in the body is called

A

metabolism

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2
Q

The breaking down of molecules in the body is called

A

catabolism

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3
Q

The building up of molecules in the body is called

A

Anabolism

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4
Q

dynamic equilibrium in which the internal environment remains constant is called

A

Homeostasis

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5
Q

smallest unit of life is a

A

cell

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6
Q

a cluster of similar cells performing a simular funtion

A

tissue

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7
Q

2 or more different tissues grouped together to carry out a common function.

A

organ

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8
Q

association of organs whose activities are coordinated to fulfill a common purpose.

A

system

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9
Q

The 4 main types of tissue are

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve

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10
Q

How do epithelial tissue and connective tissue differ from each other

A

Epithelial tissue is closely packed cells (forms glands)

Connective tissue is loosely collection embedded in a non living matrix

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11
Q

tissue has a matrix that is rich in collagen fibers

A

Fibrous connective tissue

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12
Q

a cord of fibrous connective tissue which links muscle to bone

A

A tendon

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13
Q

a cord of fibrous connective tissue which links bone to bone

A

A ligerment

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14
Q

a sheet of fibrous connective tissue which covers skeletal muscles

A

Fascia

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15
Q

Skin ,hair, nails, sweat glands and oil glands make up the

A

integumentary system

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16
Q

The skin consist of an outer layer called the

A

Epidermis

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17
Q

The skin consist of an inner layer called the

A

Dermis

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18
Q

The epidermis is composed of

A

epithelial tissue

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19
Q

The dermis is composed of

A

fibrous connective tissue

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20
Q

name of the tough water resistant protein which is found in the skin,hair and nails

A

Keratin

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21
Q

A herniated disc can encroach on the

A

spinal cord or spinal nerve resulting in pain or numbness

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22
Q

An excessive anterior curvature of the vertebral column is called

A

Lordosis

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23
Q

An excessive posterior curvature of the vertebral column is called

A

Kyphosis

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24
Q

A lateral curvature of the vertebral column is called

A

Scoliosis

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25
The pollex refers to the
thumb
26
The hullux refers to the
great toe
27
The hollow area on the anterior of the wrist is called the
carpal tunnel.
28
Collapse of this hollow area results in entrapment of the median nerve, a condition known as
Carpal tunnel syndrome
29
what is sac of fibrous connective tissue which protects soft tissue from bony surfaces
A bursa
30
Inflammation of the bursa is called
bursitis
31
Skeletal muscle tissue is also known as
striated muscle because the cells have light and dark bands
32
what muscle tissue is found around the walls of internal organs and blood vessels
smooth
33
what muscle tissue is found around the wall of the heart
cardiac
34
The cells of the nervous system which conduct electrical signals are called
neurons
35
What is a ganglion?
A cluster of cell bodys outside of the CNS
36
What is a nerve?
A bundle of axons outside the CNS
37
What is a reflex?
A quick involuntary response to a stimulus
38
The neural pathway that makes a reflex possible is called a
reflex arc
39
what reflex is an abnormal reflex in which the toes extend rather than flex in response to stoking of the planter surface of the foot.
The Babinski relex
40
The two main componemts of blood are
blood cells and plasma
41
what is also known as red blood cells that carry oxygen
Erythrocytes
42
what is also known as white blood cells defending the body from pathogens
Leukocytes
43
also known as platets initiate the clotting reaction
Thromocytes
44
what defenses are inborn and give us general protection from pathogens
Out inate defenses
45
convey blood away from the heart
arteries
46
convey blood towards the heart
Veins
47
Veins and arteries are connected by a network of microscopic blood vessels called
capillaries
48
What is edema?
Build of tissue fluid around the cells
49
What is inflammation?
The tissues response to an irritant
50
What are the 4 cardinal signs of inflamation?
Edima Redness Heat Pain
51
the longest vein in the body
The great saphenous vein
52
The pea size pellets which filter lymph as it flows along lumph vessels are called
lyph nodes
53
The continues tube through which food passes is called
alimentary canal
54
What is peristalsis?
Rythmic contration of the mussels in the allimentary canal
55
The liver converts what into bile salts?
Colestral
56
What is composed of cholesterol, bile salts and waste products removed from the blood by the liver?
Bile
57
Swelling of the veins on the inner wall of the anal cannal is called
hemroids
58
what links the pharynx to the middle ear
The Eustachain tube, also know as the auditory tube,
59
what are microscopic tubules in the kidneys that filter waste products out of the blood and collect it as urine
Collecting tubules
60
is the condition in which the inner lining of the uterus shows excessive growth of tissue, leading to cramping and excessive bleeding
Endometriosis
61
The prostrate is a donut shabe organ situated under the
bladde
62
The funtion of the prostate is to make
seminal fluid
63
Three forms of prostate enlargement are
Benign prostatic hypertrophy: (enlarged but nothing else wrong) Prostate carcinoma: (cancer) Prostatitis: (infection of the prostate)
64
what is a cronic skin inflamation characterized by a red area, pimples and cysts, due to blockage and bactererial infection of the oil glands and hair follicles
Acne
65
The lesions associated with fungal skin infections are called
tinea
66
what is scar tissue that grows beyond the original site of the injury
Keloid scar
67
what is a strep infection of the skin, usually occurring in the face or lower leg, characterized by redness and tenderness in the involved areas of the skin, as well as fever and chills
Cellulitis
68
starts as a small patch which spreads , and then the central area heals creating a ring like rash
ring worm
69
what is a viral infection that can occur around The lips and genitals; both are transmitted through secretions
Herpes
70
Warts are benign tumors of the epidermis caused by
a viral infection
71
what are patches of skin which have become thickened with extra keratin due to frequent friction or pressure
Calluses and corns
72
consists of red itchy and scaly patches on the skin due to epidermal cells replicating excessively
Psoriasis
73
are benign tumors consiting of melanocytes which reproduce rapidly and produce extra melanin
Moles
74
is unconctolled prolifercation of melanocytes
Malignant melanoma
75
is uncontrolled proliferation of the keratin producing cells of the eppidermis. It is common on the ears lower lip and hands `
Squamous cell carcinoma
76
is charaterized by pain or numbness in the foot due to entrapment of the plantar nerve by a tumor
Morton neuroma
77
what is a condition in which the first metatarsphalangeal joint is deviated away from the rest of the foot. The devation and irritation of the joint results in the formation of a callus on the outside and a bursa on the inside.
A bunion
78
The pain from a bunion is typically the result of inflamation of the
bursa
79
is inflammation and/or degeneration of the plantar fascia
Plantar fasciitis
80
what toe is abeformaty of the proximal interphangeal joint of the second, third or fourth toe, causing it to be permanently flexed
hammer
81
what toe is hyperextension of the metatarsophalangeal joint, combined with flexion of both the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints
claw
82
what is known as peroneal muscular atrophy, is a condition characterized by progressive loss of muscle tissue and touch sensation common in the hands and feet
charcot-marie-tooth neuropathy
83
refers to damage of the peripheral nerves leading to pain or numbness
Peroneal neuropothy