test 9 ischemia process

Question 1

Hypoxia

Answer 1

-inadequate oxygen supplied to body tissue(s)

Question 2

Ischemia

Answer 2

• single greatest source of brain damage on bypass

- inadequate blood supply to body tissue

Question 3

Seizures

Answer 3

• sudden over-surge of brain electrical activity synonyms: attack, fit, spasm, convulsion
• like v fib of the brain

Question 4

Hypoglycemia

Answer 4

-the medical condition of having an unusually low level of glucose in the blood

Question 5

Hyperglycemia

Answer 5

• the medical condition of having an unusually high level of glucose in the blood

Question 6

I you are ischemic and ATP levels go down

Answer 6

-buildup of ADP and lactate

Question 7

buildup of ADP and lactate causes

Answer 7

-Extracellular potassium induces vasospasm

Question 8

Neurons absorb the excess K+ & Cl- causing

Answer 8

-cellular adema and interfering with substrate utilization resulting in the cells to be farther away from the capillaries

Question 9

Ca++ buildup

Answer 9

-brain loses ability to regulate Ca++ because so much calcium

Question 10

Disruption of the ionic gradient

Answer 10

-allows Ca++ to enter cells excessively

Question 11

excessive Ca++ in neurons

Answer 11

• causes mitochondria to increase activity and consume more energy
• causes protein degradation and disrupts neuronal cytoskeleton
• causes membrane to lose integrity because of phospholypases

Question 12

platelet activation and vasospasm cause

Answer 12

-more vascular obstruction

Question 13

free radicals form causing

Answer 13

-more cellular damage

Question 14

neuronal receptors get

Answer 14

-phosphorylated and confused

Question 15

entire process of ischemia leads to

Answer 15

apoptosis - programmed cell death