Test 7 Study Guide

Question 1

The two kinds of crust are:

Answer 1

1) continental
2) oceanic

Question 2

Name the soil-horizon layers

Answer 2

1) humus
2) topsoil
3) subsoil
4) bedrock

Question 3

A minor earthquake is called a ______________.

Answer 3

tremor

Question 4

A _______________ __________ has never been found in the fossil record

Answer 4

transitional form

Question 5

The layer of the earth beneath the crust is called the ____________.

Answer 5

mantle

Question 6

Marble and slate are examples of this kind of rock

Answer 6

metamorphic

Question 7

Pumice, obsidian, and granite are examples of this kind of rock

Answer 7

igneous

Question 8

Matter that settles to the bottom or sides of a body of water is called ________________.

Answer 8

sediment

Question 9

Geologists use this test to test the hardness of rock

Answer 9

scratch test

Question 10

The temperature of earth ____________________ as its layers deepen.

Answer 10

increases

Question 11

A rock or mineral that can reflect light has ________________.

Answer 11

luster

Question 12

Renewable or nonrenewable?
coal

Answer 12

nonrenewable

Question 13

Renewable or nonrenewable?
hydropower

Answer 13

renewable

Question 14

Renewable or nonrenewable?
natural gas

Answer 14

nonrenewable

Question 15

Renewable or nonrenewable?
oil

Answer 15

nonrenewable

Question 16

Renewable or nonrenewable?
solar power

Answer 16

renewable

Question 17

Renewable or nonrenewable?
wind power

Answer 17

renewable

Question 18

This is the earth’s main source of light and heat energy.

Answer 18

sun

Question 19

Common forms of _______________ rock are sandstone, limestone, and shale.

Answer 19

sedimentary

Question 20

Can fossil fuels be used again as energy after they are burned?

Answer 20

no

Question 21

An earthquake’s energy comes from its ________.

Answer 21

focus

Question 22

An animal can only be fossilized if it has been buried ________________________ sedimentary layers were forming.

Answer 22

at the same time

Question 23

Is a diamond a gem?

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

Name the two main ingredients in soil.

Answer 24

1) humus
2) minerals

Question 25

______________ is the loss of soil by water or wind.

Answer 25

Erosion

Question 26

Pumice has ______________ density than granite.

Answer 26

less

Question 27

Mountains, plateaus, valleys, and canyons are examples of ___________________.

Answer 27

landforms

Question 28

What is the study of the earth and its structure?

Answer 28

geology

Question 29

Where does most of the earth’s fresh water come from?

Answer 29

polar ice caps and glaciers

Question 30

Name a geological event which is believed to be caused by plate activity.

Answer 30

earthquakes
volcanic eruptions

Question 31

Name a natural resource

Answer 31

see Science book for possible answers

Question 32

rock that seems to have been changed by heat or pressure

Answer 32

metamorphic

Question 33

rock formed from hot lava or magma

Answer 33

igneous

Question 34

mixture of sand, silt, and clay

Answer 34

loam

Question 35

a break between two moving plates

Answer 35

fault

Question 36

large areas of the earth’s crust

Answer 36

crustal plates

Question 37

trembling or shaking in the earth’s crust

Answer 37

earthquake

Question 38

coal, oil, and natural gas

Answer 38

fossil fuels

Question 39

a place in the earth’s crust where magma can erupt as lava

Answer 39

volcano

Question 40

rock formed from hardened sediments

Answer 40

sedimentary

Question 41

Be able to label the layers of the earth

Answer 41

see Science book, p. 328

Question 42

Explain why we find fossils in sedimentary rock

Answer 42

-The earth was covered with water during the Flood.

-This water was filled with matter.

-The matter settled in layers, quickly burying plants and animals.

-The buried plants and animals became fossils, and the sediment hardened into sedimentary rock.