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8th grade science > Test 7 > Flashcards

Test 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

type of UV radiation that is only partially absorbed by the ozone layer allowing some of it to reach the earth’s surface

A

UVB

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2
Q

Portion of earths magnetic field stretches away from the sun

A

magnetotail

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3
Q

How does air normally move in the atmosphere

A

High-pressure to low pressure

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4
Q

what global winds occur at the Earth surface in high altitudes

A

polar easterlies

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5
Q

name given to the upper atmosphere because of its distant layers

A

heterosphere

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6
Q

at what point of the earths elliptical orbit does earth receive the greatest amount of insolation

A

perihelion

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7
Q

normal value of atmospheric pressure at sea level

A

1013 millibars

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8
Q

Coldest point in the atmosphere

A

mesopause

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9
Q

Which temperature layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer

A

stratosphere

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10
Q

Which type of current causes most of the earths weather

A

convection current

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11
Q

Which atmospheric layer is the least understood

A

mesosphere

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12
Q

at the equator air rises and begins traveling outward toward the poles. why does this air sink back to earth long before it reaches poles

A

The air is cooled by low temperatures and high altitudes

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13
Q

Most important and abundant greenhouse gas

A

water vapor

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14
Q

The US government broadcast the official time for the country using a shortwave radio station in Colorado. how can these broadcast be throughout the lower 48 States

A

Radio waves bounce off the ionosphere

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15
Q

Why do cyclones in the southern hemisphere rotate the opposite direction from cyclones in the northern hemisphere

A

The Coriolis effect bends the winds in different directions

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16
Q

why does a Compass always point north

A

The compass points toward magnetic poles

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17
Q

why is afternoon usually the warmest part of the day

A

Trapped heat remains in the atmosphere

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18
Q

Downsloping wind caused by cooling air near slope

A

Katabotic winds

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19
Q

cool gentle wind blowing in from the water to the land

A

Seabreeze

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20
Q

Wind the occurs when a large amount of dense cold air spills over a mountain range

A

fall wind

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21
Q

Wind that occurs when warm air over open terrain rises drawing cooler air from under trees

A

Forest breeze

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22
Q

Area where the solar wind interacts with earths magnetic field

A

Magnetosphere

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23
Q

High altitude winds that are concentrated in narrow meandering bands of rapidly moving air

A

Jet-streams

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24
Q

amount of energy available to heat earth land, water and air

A

Energy budget

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25
Q

Aurora that occur in southern latitudes

A

Australis

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26
Q

process in which the temperature of gas rises as the gas is compressed with no heat loss

A

adiabatic

27
Q

upper-troposphere waves associated with the polar front jet stream

A

Rossby

28
Q

shield that protects earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation

A

Ozone layer

29
Q

what unit is used to measure the amount of energy something gains, loses, or uses in one second

A

watt

30
Q

What feature marks the bottom of the mesosphere

A

stratopause

31
Q

what effect goes as wet and dry seasons through a seasonal change in wind direction

A

monsoon effect

32
Q

What is the transfer of heat by direct contact

A

conduction

33
Q

what winds were named because they constantly allowed ships to make a quick passage across the ocean

A

Tradewinds

34
Q

during the day both land and water heat up from the sun exposure. How does the heating of water and land compare

A

Water heats slower than land

35
Q

what two gases help give the Earth a mild and stable climate

A

Carbon dioxide and water vapor

36
Q

What is required for monsoons to form

A

Land near a large body of water

37
Q

what causes anabatic winds

A

heated air near a mountain range

38
Q

if all other factors were equal which locations would have the highest air pressure?

a. Mount Everest (8848m sea level)
b. Death Valley (86m below sea level)
c. Dead sea (414m below sea level)
d. Lake superior(183m above sea level)

A

c. Dead Sea (414m below sea level)

39
Q

Causes the plasma and the ionosphere

A

magnetic radiation

40
Q

What is the solar energy that reaches the surface of the earth called

A

insolation

41
Q

What causes the inter tropical convergence zone

A

Low pressure

42
Q

What transfers heat in the process of radiation

A

electromagnetic waves

43
Q

Direction of anticyclone the revolves in southern hemisphere

A

Counterclockwise

44
Q

Form of heat transfer the heats cool air in contact with warm ground

A

conduction

45
Q

what temperature layer of the atmosphere is at the bottom of the heterosphere

A

thermosphere

46
Q

How are convection currents produced on a global scale at the equator and poles

A

unequal heating

47
Q

two factors that cause the coriolis effect

A

inerta

48
Q

Donut shaped regions that surround the Earth and trap particles from the solar winds

A

Van Allen radiation belts

49
Q

What is the outermost temperature layer of the atmosphere

A

exosphere

50
Q

if all factors except the type of surface are the same which of the following surfaces would you expect to warm most quickly during the day

A

freshly plowed field

51
Q

labeling book pg 205

A

just rate how you did

52
Q

True or false downdraft

A

False wind

53
Q

True or false doldrums

A

false horse latitude

54
Q

True or false foehn

A

True

55
Q

True or false albedo

A

True

56
Q

True or false temperature gradient

A

True

57
Q

True or false thermosphere

A

False troposphere

58
Q

How does adiabatic cooling help create high-altitude winds

A

Rising air cools as it expands and pushes outward at high altitudes

59
Q

Would the layer above the tropopause have its tempature rise with altitude if there were no oxygen in the atmosphere? Why or why not?

A

No; this layer is heated by the chemical reaction of oxygens molecules.

60
Q

Which city would you expect to receive more insolation during the month of July: Lookout Mountain, Georgia (about 35°N), or Sydney, Australia (about 35° S)?

A

Lookout Mountain because sunlight is at a steeper angle

61
Q

A weather map of north america shows a large area with winds rotating clockwise. Is this a high or a low? How do you know?

A

High, because outward-flowimg winds rotate clockwise

62
Q

Large wildfires often produce wind systems around themselves. What direction do these winds blow? Why?

A

Winds blow toward the fire to replace rising hot air

63
Q

Leila lives in the tropics. Shortly after dark on night, she saw a reddish glow on the horizon, which she thought was an auroa.
How do you know leilas conclusion is incorrect?

A

Solar wind particles enter earths atmosphere only at high latitudes.

8th grade science (2 decks)

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