Test Flashcards
According to Hardy- Weinberg Law, the frequency of each remains constant generation in a freely interbreeding sexually reproducing large population that experiences natural selection
T or F
False
Darwin’s finches represent a good example of
Adaptive radiation
The theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by
Darwin and Wallace
Which of the following is not one of the observation that led Darwin to propose the theory of natural selection?
The hereditary process features inheritance of discrete and non blending particular features
Darwin’s thoughts on evolution were greatly influenced by an essay on populations written by
Thomas Malthus
Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small populations comprise of the concept of
Genetic drift
Genetic drift occurs to some degree in all populations of finite size
T or F
True
The law of stratigraphy states that the oldest fossils will be found at the bottom of a layer of rock
T or F
True
Darwin’s evolutionary theory differs from Lamarck in being a variiaktional rather than a transformational theory.
T or F
True
Which describes the relationship between organisms ontogeny and phylogeny
Ontogeny may recapitulate phylogeny for some characteristics , but rarely does this occur for the organism as a whole.
All the alleles of genes possessed by members of a population collectively form the
Gene pool
Structures in different organisms that are similar because they descend with some modification from a corresponding feature of their common ancestor are said to be
Homologous
Lyell is credited with the principle of ——— which was described in his principles of geology
Uniformitariansism
Ch1
1
Ch 2
The organisms responsible for nutrient flow through an ecosystem are
Decomposers
A study of both the living community and all the physical factors such as sunlight, soil types, etc. would focus on a more complex level the ecosystem
T or F
True
A series of steps in which plants are eaten by consumers, which are themselves eaten by other consumers is called a
Food chain
Commensalism differs from mutualism by the fact that in commensalism
One organisms is not affected
A population is a group of individuals belonging to a single species, though not necessarily as a reproductive unit.
T or F
False
A keystone species is
A species whose removal causes major shifts in other species in a community
Natural populations are controlled by density dependent and density - independent forces. What is an examp,e of a density independent factor?
Adverse weather
An animals relationship to all the biotic and abiotic factors in its environment is called its?
Niche
The carrying capacity of the environment is determined by
The limiting productivity of the environment
While an animal can survive between the temperatures of 10 C and 30 C we find in nature that it only occurs between 16 and 28 C. This is the difference between the fundamental niche and the realized niche of the animal
T or F
True
A frog is found along the edge of a pond. This location where it lives would be the frogs niche
False
An animals relationship to all the biotic and abiotic factors in its environment is called its
Niche
The energy storage in an animals tissues is called
Biomass
An assemblage of living organisms sharing the same environment and having a distinctive unity is referred to as a
Community
Almost all life depends on energy of the
Sun
You discover a radial symmetrical animal in an early development stage. How would you determine if it is an echinoderm or cnidarian?
Determine of two embryonic laters are present
3
The vast majority of animal phyla are bilateral symmetrical with three embryonic germ layers
T or F
True
Extra cellular fluids are divided into blood plasma , interstitial fluid, and
Trans cellular fluid
The cleavage process that cleaves an egg oblique to its axis and produces cells that lie in furrows is named ———- cleavage
Spiral
The two major fluid compartments of the animal body are
TheEXTRACELLULAR SPACE and the intracelluar space
The contractile elements within a muscle fiber are
Myrofibrils
You discover a radial symmetrical animal in an early development stage.how would you determine if it is an echinoderm or cnidarian?
Determine if two embryonic layers are present
The main supportive material in Arthropods, nematodes, and annelids is
Cuticle
The Metazoa consists of all multicellular animals except porifera
T or F
False
Connective tissue , such as blood consisted of red, and white blood cells and a watery ground substance.
T or F
True
The simple animal cell, like the protozoan cell, is capable of an independent existence.
T or F
False
A derived character shared by members of a Claude is formally called a
Synapornorphy
The man who developed the present system of classification wS
Linnaeus
A branching diagram whose branches represent real lineages that occurred in the evolutionary past is called a
Phylogenetic tree
Which term is not reverent to cladistic systematics
Adaptive zone
Unlike ancestral character traits, variant forms of character that arose later within the group are named ————- character
Derived
Structures in different organisms that are similar because they descend with some modification from a corresponding feature of their common ancestor are said to be
Homologous
Which of the following was a common early critics of Darwin’s theory of natural selection
It could not explain the origins of new structures or new species only the modification of existing ones
The most direct evidence for Darwin’s theory of perpetual change is the fossil record
T or F
True
Extra cellular fluids are divided into blood plasma interstitial fluid and
Lymph
Characteristics ofdeuterostomes include
None of the above
Animals increase in size the body surface length increases much more slowly than body volume making it difficult for activities served from the body surface to provision the mass of cells within
True
An organism with an acoelomate body plan and bilateral symmetry is the
Flatworms
What are the generalized development stages in metazoans in order
Zygote, blastula, gastula, completes gut formation
Similar cells grouped together to perform a common function is called
Tissues
Then epithelial type cells covering the outer surface of sponges are the
Pinaocyte
In sponges respiration and excretion of various molecules is accomplished by
Diffusion
Sponges are bilaterally symmetrical as juveniles but racially symmetrical as adults
T or F
False
Choanocytes cells play a role in many sponge species.
T or F
True
Lophocytes are ameboid cells that can differentiate into all other cell types.
T or F
False
The freshwater hydra has a Medusa in it’s life cycle.
T or F
False
In Cnidarians extra cellular digestion occurs in the
Gastrovascular cavity
The structure of the nervous system in cnidarians is referred to as a
Nerve Net
The central nervous system of cnidarians includes a brain
True
The class of cnidarians with the most conspicuous Medusa stage is
Scyphozoa
Digestion. In cnidarians is
Both extracellular and intracellular
Molecular evidence suggest that hydrozoans, scyphozoans and cubazoans shared a common ancestor with an Anthozoan life cycle and a ———— form later to the life cycle.
Medusoid
A common characteristic of cnidarians is
Dimorphism and often polymorphism
The anthozoans include the marine sea anemones and corals
T or F
True
All ctenophores are marine and most of them are free swimming forms
T or F
True
In sponges, respiration and excretion of various molecules is accomplished by
Diffusion
Sponges are bilaterally symmetrical as juveniles but radially symmetrical as adults
T or F
False
Choanocytes cells play a role in many sponges species
T or F
True
Cells that can differentiate into any other type of cell in sponges are the
Archaeocytes
Members of the class ————-are named glass sponges, found in deep sea areas
?
The asconoid sponges have the simplest type of canal systems
T or F
True
The demosponges
Include the fresh water sponges
The minute needle like structures that ac as a skeletal support system in sponges are called
Spicules
The central nervous system of cnidarians includes a Brain
False
The freshwater hydra has a Medusa stage in its life cycle
False
