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Zoology Chapter 1 > Test > Flashcards

Test Flashcards

1
Q

According to Hardy- Weinberg Law, the frequency of each remains constant generation in a freely interbreeding sexually reproducing large population that experiences natural selection

T or F

A

False

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2
Q

Darwin’s finches represent a good example of

A

Adaptive radiation

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3
Q

The theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by

A

Darwin and Wallace

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4
Q

Which of the following is not one of the observation that led Darwin to propose the theory of natural selection?

A

The hereditary process features inheritance of discrete and non blending particular features

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5
Q

Darwin’s thoughts on evolution were greatly influenced by an essay on populations written by

A

Thomas Malthus

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6
Q

Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small populations comprise of the concept of

A

Genetic drift

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7
Q

Genetic drift occurs to some degree in all populations of finite size

T or F

A

True

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8
Q

The law of stratigraphy states that the oldest fossils will be found at the bottom of a layer of rock

T or F

A

True

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9
Q

Darwin’s evolutionary theory differs from Lamarck in being a variiaktional rather than a transformational theory.

T or F

A

True

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10
Q

Which describes the relationship between organisms ontogeny and phylogeny

A

Ontogeny may recapitulate phylogeny for some characteristics , but rarely does this occur for the organism as a whole.

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11
Q

All the alleles of genes possessed by members of a population collectively form the

A

Gene pool

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12
Q

Structures in different organisms that are similar because they descend with some modification from a corresponding feature of their common ancestor are said to be

A

Homologous

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13
Q

Lyell is credited with the principle of ——— which was described in his principles of geology

A

Uniformitariansism

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14
Q

Ch1

A

1

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15
Q

Ch 2

The organisms responsible for nutrient flow through an ecosystem are

A

Decomposers

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16
Q

A study of both the living community and all the physical factors such as sunlight, soil types, etc. would focus on a more complex level the ecosystem

T or F

A

True

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17
Q

A series of steps in which plants are eaten by consumers, which are themselves eaten by other consumers is called a

A

Food chain

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18
Q

Commensalism differs from mutualism by the fact that in commensalism

A

One organisms is not affected

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19
Q

A population is a group of individuals belonging to a single species, though not necessarily as a reproductive unit.

T or F

A

False

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20
Q

A keystone species is

A

A species whose removal causes major shifts in other species in a community

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21
Q

Natural populations are controlled by density dependent and density - independent forces. What is an examp,e of a density independent factor?

A

Adverse weather

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22
Q

An animals relationship to all the biotic and abiotic factors in its environment is called its?

A

Niche

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23
Q

The carrying capacity of the environment is determined by

A

The limiting productivity of the environment

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24
Q

While an animal can survive between the temperatures of 10 C and 30 C we find in nature that it only occurs between 16 and 28 C. This is the difference between the fundamental niche and the realized niche of the animal

T or F

A

True

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25
Q

A frog is found along the edge of a pond. This location where it lives would be the frogs niche

A

False

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26
Q

An animals relationship to all the biotic and abiotic factors in its environment is called its

A

Niche

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27
Q

The energy storage in an animals tissues is called

A

Biomass

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28
Q

An assemblage of living organisms sharing the same environment and having a distinctive unity is referred to as a

A

Community

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29
Q

Almost all life depends on energy of the

A

Sun

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30
Q

You discover a radial symmetrical animal in an early development stage. How would you determine if it is an echinoderm or cnidarian?

A

Determine of two embryonic laters are present

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31
Q

3

The vast majority of animal phyla are bilateral symmetrical with three embryonic germ layers

T or F

A

True

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32
Q

Extra cellular fluids are divided into blood plasma , interstitial fluid, and

A

Trans cellular fluid

33
Q

The cleavage process that cleaves an egg oblique to its axis and produces cells that lie in furrows is named ———- cleavage

A

Spiral

34
Q

The two major fluid compartments of the animal body are

A

TheEXTRACELLULAR SPACE and the intracelluar space

35
Q

The contractile elements within a muscle fiber are

A

Myrofibrils

36
Q

You discover a radial symmetrical animal in an early development stage.how would you determine if it is an echinoderm or cnidarian?

A

Determine if two embryonic layers are present

37
Q

The main supportive material in Arthropods, nematodes, and annelids is

A

Cuticle

38
Q

The Metazoa consists of all multicellular animals except porifera

T or F

A

False

39
Q

Connective tissue , such as blood consisted of red, and white blood cells and a watery ground substance.

T or F

A

True

40
Q

The simple animal cell, like the protozoan cell, is capable of an independent existence.

T or F

A

False

41
Q

A derived character shared by members of a Claude is formally called a

A

Synapornorphy

42
Q

The man who developed the present system of classification wS

A

Linnaeus

43
Q

A branching diagram whose branches represent real lineages that occurred in the evolutionary past is called a

A

Phylogenetic tree

44
Q

Which term is not reverent to cladistic systematics

A

Adaptive zone

45
Q

Unlike ancestral character traits, variant forms of character that arose later within the group are named ————- character

A

Derived

46
Q

Structures in different organisms that are similar because they descend with some modification from a corresponding feature of their common ancestor are said to be

A

Homologous

47
Q

Which of the following was a common early critics of Darwin’s theory of natural selection

A

It could not explain the origins of new structures or new species only the modification of existing ones

48
Q

The most direct evidence for Darwin’s theory of perpetual change is the fossil record

T or F

A

True

49
Q

Extra cellular fluids are divided into blood plasma interstitial fluid and

A

Lymph

50
Q

Characteristics ofdeuterostomes include

A

None of the above

51
Q

Animals increase in size the body surface length increases much more slowly than body volume making it difficult for activities served from the body surface to provision the mass of cells within

A

True

52
Q

An organism with an acoelomate body plan and bilateral symmetry is the

A

Flatworms

53
Q

What are the generalized development stages in metazoans in order

A

Zygote, blastula, gastula, completes gut formation

54
Q

Similar cells grouped together to perform a common function is called

A

Tissues

55
Q

Then epithelial type cells covering the outer surface of sponges are the

A

Pinaocyte

56
Q

In sponges respiration and excretion of various molecules is accomplished by

A

Diffusion

57
Q

Sponges are bilaterally symmetrical as juveniles but racially symmetrical as adults

T or F

A

False

58
Q

Choanocytes cells play a role in many sponge species.

T or F

A

True

59
Q

Lophocytes are ameboid cells that can differentiate into all other cell types.

T or F

A

False

60
Q

The freshwater hydra has a Medusa in it’s life cycle.

T or F

A

False

61
Q

In Cnidarians extra cellular digestion occurs in the

A

Gastrovascular cavity

62
Q

The structure of the nervous system in cnidarians is referred to as a

A

Nerve Net

63
Q

The central nervous system of cnidarians includes a brain

A

True

64
Q

The class of cnidarians with the most conspicuous Medusa stage is

A

Scyphozoa

65
Q

Digestion. In cnidarians is

A

Both extracellular and intracellular

66
Q

Molecular evidence suggest that hydrozoans, scyphozoans and cubazoans shared a common ancestor with an Anthozoan life cycle and a ———— form later to the life cycle.

A

Medusoid

67
Q

A common characteristic of cnidarians is

A

Dimorphism and often polymorphism

68
Q

The anthozoans include the marine sea anemones and corals

T or F

A

True

69
Q

All ctenophores are marine and most of them are free swimming forms

T or F

A

True

70
Q

In sponges, respiration and excretion of various molecules is accomplished by

A

Diffusion

71
Q

Sponges are bilaterally symmetrical as juveniles but radially symmetrical as adults

T or F

A

False

72
Q

Choanocytes cells play a role in many sponges species

T or F

A

True

73
Q

Cells that can differentiate into any other type of cell in sponges are the

A

Archaeocytes

74
Q

Members of the class ————-are named glass sponges, found in deep sea areas

A

?

75
Q

The asconoid sponges have the simplest type of canal systems

T or F

A

True

76
Q

The demosponges

A

Include the fresh water sponges

77
Q

The minute needle like structures that ac as a skeletal support system in sponges are called

A

Spicules

78
Q

The central nervous system of cnidarians includes a Brain

A

False

79
Q

The freshwater hydra has a Medusa stage in its life cycle

A

False

Zoology Chapter 1 (5 decks)

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