Test 6 Flashcards
What is the proportion of nutrients compared to the number of calories the food contains?
nutrient density
The flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart is called _______ circulation.
pulmonary
_______ pressure is the higher blood pressure and occurs during contraction of the ventricles.
systolic
The wasting away of muscle through lack of use is called _______.
atrophy
What is the thick bundle of nerves through which the brain communicates with the body?
spinal cord
_______ neurons relay signals from the central nervous system to other parts of the body.
motor
_______ are the leading cause of accidental deaths in the United States.
traffic accidents
You should never use water on fires associated with flammable liquids (including grease) or __________.
electricity
The steps to control bleeding are _________ and pressure bandage.
direct pressure
A _______ tumor shows no tendency to spread throughout the body.
benign
A substance that alters the function of the body in some way is a _______.
drug
What is the condition in which a drug user becomes unable to function normally without a drug?
dependence
Medicines that cause a loss of feeling are called _______.
anesthetics
The endocrine gland that is sometimes called the “master gland” because it affects the other endocrine glands is the _______.
pituitary gland
Which vitamins function as antioxidants?
vitamins C and E
What is the body’s largest internal organ?
liver
What is below-normal body temperature called?
hypothermia
The immediate medical attention given to a victim of an injury or sudden illness is called _______.
first aid
What is a life-threatening condition that can accompany almost any serious injury?
shock
If an infant is choking and cannot cry, what should you do?
alternate back blows and chest compressions
What treatment should be administered to a conscious adult who has a respiratory obstruction?
abdominal thrusts
An unconscious person who is not breathing should receive _______.
CPR
Abrasions, punctures, and ________ are all types of open wounds.
lacerations
The cells designed to search out and destroy any organism or substance they do not recognize as part of the body are called ______.
leukocytes
A substance that stimulates the immune system to develop an acquired immunity is a _______.
vaccine
An inflammation of the liver is called _______.
hepatitis
Bronchitis is an inflammation that affects the ______ system.
respiratory
Arteriosclerosis is a noninfectious condition affecting the _______ system.
cardiovascular
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of the _______ system.
endocrine
What are common prescription drugs that stop bacterial growth?
antibiotics
What are medicines that reduce pain but do not cause loss of other skin senses?
analgesics
When a drug user requires more and more of a drug to reach a “high” it is known as ________.
tolerance
The drug LSD is a type of ______.
hallucinogen
Alcohol acts as a _______.
depressant
The leading preventable cause of death in the United States is _______.
cigarette smoking
What relieves pain and produces euphoria?
narcotics
What are psychedelic drugs?
hallucinogens
What speeds up CNS activity?
stimulants
What slows down brain activity?
depressants
What imitates male hormone testosterone?
anabolic steroids
What term refers to an unborn child who is distinctly recognizable as a miniature baby?
fetus
What nutrients should provide 45% -65% of a person’s total food intake?
carbohydrates
What are strong bands of connective tissue that join bones together?
ligaments
What is the largest part of the brain?
cerebrum
What are the nerve cells of the body called?
neurons
What is the drownproofing technique to use while wearing a PFD in cold water?
HELP position
What is the most common outdoor emergency signal?
three of anything
What weather phenomenon kills the most people every year?
floods
What is the concept of minimizing risk while maximizing benefits?
risk assessment
The term “high blood pressure” is known medically as ________.
hypertension
One of the strongest influences on a teenager’s attitudes and actions during adolescence is known as _______.
peer pressure
What are the three essential components that allow you to derive maximum benefit from aerobic exercise?
frequency, intensity, and duration
What is the initial treatment for most general musculoskeletal injuries?
rest, immobilize, cold, elevation
refers to bones
osteo
refers to the head
cephal
refers to the heart
cardio
refers to the liver
hepat, hepato
refers to the lungs
pneumo
refers to muscle
my, myo
refers to the stomach
gastro
refers to a tumor
-oma
means “hard”
scler, sclero
means “heat”
therm, thermo
means “inflammation”
-itis
means “diseased condition”
-iasis
means “science” or “study”
-logy
refers to the nervous system
neuro
A doctor who treats diseases and disorders of the nervous system
neurologist
A doctor who treats blood diseases and disorders
hematologist
A doctor who treats skin diseases and disorders
dermatologist
A doctor who provides primary care for adults while treating problems of the internal organs
internist
A doctor who treats cancer
oncologist
A doctor who treats eye diseases and disorders
ophthalmologist
