test 5: ch12 (spinal cord & PNS)

Question 1

canal that extends down the length of the spinal cord (contains cerebrospinal fluid)

Answer 1

central canal

Question 2

bony canal through vertebrae that contains the spinal cord

Answer 2

vertebral canal or spinal cavity

Question 3

myelinated white matter outside the spinal cord that is responsible for carrying sensory information up to the brain

Answer 3

ascending tracts

Question 4

myelinated white matter outside the spinal cord that is responsible for carrying motor commands down from the brain to a peripheral nerve

Answer 4

descending tracts

Question 5

the order of meninges from outermost to innermost layers:

Answer 5

dura mater, subdural space, arachnoid layer, subarachnoid space, pia mater

Question 6

meninge known as “tough mother”, forms a tough, fibrous sac around the CNS

Answer 6

dura mater

Question 7

meninge that is actual space between the dura mater and the arachnoid layer

Answer 7

subdural space

Question 8

meninge that means “spiderlike”, it is a thin and delicate layer that is attached to the pia mater by weblike filaments

Answer 8

arachnoid layer

Question 9

meninge that is the space between the arachnoid layer and the pia mater, it contains cerebrospinal fluid that cushions the brain from the outside

Answer 9

subarachnoid space

Question 10

meninge that means “soft mother”, it is the innermost membrane layer and is applied directly to the surface of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 10

pia mater

Question 11

how many pairs of cranial nerves does the peripheral nervous system contain?

Answer 11

12 pairs

Question 12

how many pairs of spinal nerves does the peripheral nervous system contain?

Answer 12

31 pairs

Question 13

a group or bundle of axon fibers located outside the central nervous system that carries messages between the CNS and the various parts of the body

Answer 13

nerve

Question 14

the point where either type of nerve (cranial or spinal) is attached tot he central nervous system

Answer 14

nerve root

Question 15

neurons that carry sensory information form a sensory receptor to the central nervous system

Answer 15

afferent (or sensory) neurons

Question 16

neurons that carry activity instructions from the central nervous system to muscles or glands out in the body

Answer 16

efferent (or motor) neurons

Question 17

when the nerve cell bodies of the neurons forming a nerve are grouped together in a knot-like mass

Answer 17

ganglion

Question 18

part of the nervous system that is involved with the control of involuntary or unconscious bodily functions; may increase or decrease the activity of the smooth muscle found in viscera and blood vessels, cardiac muscle, and glands

Answer 18

autonomic nervous system

Question 19

a branch of the ANS that controls the “fight or flight” reactions during times of stress and crisis, it increases heart rate, dilate airways, increase blood pressure, inhibit digestion, and stimulate the production of adrenaline during a crisis

Answer 19

sympathetic

Question 20

a branch of the ANS that controls “rest-and-digest reaction”, it causes heartrate to slow down, lower blood pressure, and stimulate digestion

Answer 20

parasympathetic