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med term > test 5: ch11 > Flashcards

test 5: ch11 Flashcards

1
Q

regulates circadian rhythm

A

function of pineal gland

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2
Q

regulates many other endocrine glands

A

function of pituitary gland

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3
Q

regulates metabolic rate

A

function of thyroid gland

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4
Q

regulates blood calcium level

A

function of parathyroid gland

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5
Q

promotes development of immune system

A

function of thymus gland

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6
Q

regulates water and electrolyte levels

A

function of adrenal glands

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7
Q

regulates female reproductive system

A

function of ovaries

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8
Q

regulates blood sugar levels

A

function of pancreas

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9
Q

regulates male reproductive system

A

function of testes

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10
Q

chemical substance secreted by endocrine gland that enters bloodstream and is carried to its target tissue

A

what is a hormone?

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11
Q

organs of body that release secretions

A

what is a gland?

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12
Q

steady state or state of balance withing the body (the kidneys assist in this)

A

what is homeostasis?

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13
Q

secrete substances into a duct (like tears and tear ducts) that carries them to the outside of the body

A

what are exocrine glands?

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14
Q

release hormones directly into the bloodstream

A

what are endocrine glands?

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15
Q

mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), glucocorticoids (cortisol), steroid sex hormones (androgens)

A

name all corticosteroids that are produced by the outer layer of the adrenal cortex

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16
Q

the steroid sex hormones does the adrenal cortex of both men and women secrete?

A

what are androgens?

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17
Q

a corticosteroid that regulates sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) levels in the body

A

what is aldosterone?

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18
Q

a corticosteroid that regulates carbohydrates in the body

A

what is cortisol?

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19
Q

true or false: all hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex are steroid hormones

A

true

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20
Q

epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine

A

name all the hormones secreted by the inner adrenal medulla

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21
Q

hormones that are critical during emergencies because they increase blood pressure, hearth rate, and respiration levels making the body perform better during stressful times

A

what is the function of epinephrine and norepinephrine?

22
Q

the organs that produce sex cells

A

what are gonads?

23
Q

the reproductive sex cells, in females (ova) and in males (sperm)

A

what are gametes?

24
Q

responsible for the appearance of the female sexual characteristics and regulation of the menstrual cycle

A

what is the role of estrogen?

25
Q

helps to maintain a suitable uterine environment for pregnancy

A

what is the role of progesterone?

26
Q

the only organ in the body to have both endocrine and exocrine functions

A

what is the pancreas?

27
Q

what are the endocrine sections of the pancreas?

A

the pancreatic islets or islets or Langerhans

28
Q

what two hormones are released by the islets of the pancreas?

A

insulin and glucagon

29
Q

hormone that stimulates the cells of the body to take in glucose from the bloodstream, lowering the body’s sugar level

A

what is insulin?

30
Q

hormone that stimulates the liver to release glucose, thereby raising the blood glucose level

A

what is glucagon?

31
Q

a hormone that regulates the amount of calcium in the blood

A

what is a parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

32
Q

can occur from accidentally removing the parathyroid glands during surgery

A

what is tetany (muscle excitability and tremors)?

33
Q

the small pine-cone shaped organ that is part of the thalamus, it secretes melatonin which plays a role in regulating the body’s circadian rhythm

A

what is the pineal gland?

34
Q

the 24-hour clock that governs periods of wakefulness and sleepiness

A

what is the circadian rhythm?

35
Q

gland that is located under the brain; small and marble shape that is divided into an anterior lobe and a posterior lobe that are controlled by the hypothalamus

A

what is the pituitary gland?

36
Q

the region of the brain that is active in regulating automatic body responses

A

what is the hypothalamus?

37
Q

hormone that promotes growth of the body by stimulating cells to rapidly increase in size and divide

A

what is a growth hormone (GH), also called somatotropin

38
Q

hormone that regulates the function of the thyroid gland

A

what is a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

39
Q

hormone that regulates the function of the adrenal cortex

A

what is an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

40
Q

hormone that stimulates milk production in the breast following pregnancy and birth

A

what is prolactin (PRL)?

41
Q

hormones that both exert their influence on the male and female gonads (also referred to as gonadotropins)

A

what are follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH) and luteinizing hormones (LH)?

42
Q

hormone that stimulates melanocytes to produce more melanin, thereby darkening the skin

A

what are melanocyte-stimulating hormones?

43
Q

the master gland

A

what is the pituitary gland sometimes referred to as?

44
Q

hormone that promotes water reabsorption by the kidney tubules

A

what is the antidiuretic hormone?

45
Q

hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during labor and delivery, and after birth, the release of the mammary glands

A

what is oxytocin?

46
Q

gland that uses iodine to produce hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine

A

what is the thyroid gland?

47
Q

hormone that is released by the thyroid gland in response to hypercalcemia (too high blood calcium level)

A

what is calcitonin?

48
Q

endocrine gland that is also associated with the immune system is…

A

thymus gland

49
Q

set of symptoms caused by excessive levels of cortisol due to high doses of corticosteroid drugs`

A

what is Cushing’s syndrome?

50
Q

development of male secondary sexual characteristics in a female

A

what is adrenal virilism?

51
Q

development of female secondary sexual characteristics in a male

A

what is adrenal feminization?

52
Q

disease named by Thomas Addison; results from deficiency in adrenocortical hormones

A

what is Addison’s disease?

med term (29 decks)

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