test 5/13 Flashcards
When and where was the first Zionist congress?
1897 in Basel Switzerland
Outcomes/goals of Zionist congress?
- Encourage Immigration and settlement
- Creating Jewish institutions
- Strengthening Jewish nationalism
- Beginning to build political relationships to increase support of Zionist cause
What was the Hussein-McMahon Correspondence and when was it?
1915 - It was letters written between British and Arab leadership. Britain promised the Arabs independence in exchange for support in overthrowing the Ottoman Empire. This is a big part in the Arabs argument of why they should have the rights to the land of Palestine.
What was the Balfour Declaration and when was it?
1917 - During WWI, Lord Balfour (Britain) wrote a letter to the Jewish community affirming his support for the existence of a Jewish state in Palestine. This is a big part in the Jewish argument on why they have the right to exist in Palestine.
What was the Peel Commission and when was it created?
1937 - A group formed by the British to investigate the reasons for unrest in Palestine. In 1937, the Peel Commission made the recommendation of dividing the land of Palestine into a Jewish state and an Arab state. The Jewish community accepted this plan and the Arab community rejected it.
What was the British White Paper and when was it written?
1939 - A British policy written in 1939 to severely limited the immigration of Jews to Palestine.
What was Resolution 181 and when was it passed?
November 29th, 1947 - A resolution passed by the UN on November 29th, 1947 calling for the participation of Palestine into a Jewish state and an Arab state, with Jerusalem remaining under international control. This was accepted by the Jewish community and rejected by the Arab community. The Arab population of Palestine attacked the Jewish population after the passing of this resolution, beginning the Arab-Jewish Civil war.
What happened on May 14, 1948?
May 14th, 1948 - Israel declares independence.
Ben-Gurion read the declaration of independence. The following day, 6 Arab countries attacked the newly independent state.
Who was Herzl?
“Father of Zionism.” Brought together the First Zionist Congress. Was a strong Zionist leader.
Who was Ben-Gurion?
Zionist leader, Israel’s first prime minister, a Practical Zionist who believed in settling the land peacefully.
Who was Jabotinsky?
The leader of Revisionist Zionists.
What is Revisionist Zionism?
A belief that the entire land of Palestine (modern day Israel and Jordan) rightfully belongs to the Jewish people and all means should be used to gain control of it, including force. Ze’ev Jabotinsky was the leader of Revisionist Zionism.
What is Practical Zionism?
Emphasized practical ways of reaching Zionism goals, through immigration and creation of educational institutions.
What is Political Zionism?
Focused on the importance of political rights and chose to take political action to further the Zionist goals. Theodore Herzl was a Political Zionist.
What is Socialist Zionism?
The belief that Zionism and Socialism should be combined. David Ben-Gurion was a Socialist Zionist.
