Test 4 Review Flashcards
1902
Genes are gaining acceptance as a concept
1930’s
Boveri and Sutton- established the Chromosome theory (Drosophila)
1952
Hershey and Chase prove that DNA not protein is the information carrier
1953
Watson and Crick propose the double helix
Nucleotide
a unit of DNA consisting of: A nitrogen base, A sugar, A phosphate
Purine
A nitrogen base consisting of 2 rings
Adenine
DNA, RNA
Guanine
DNA, RNA
Pyrimidine
A nitrogen base consisting of 1 ring
Cytosine
DNA, RNA
Thymine
DNA
Uracil
RNA
DNA Polymerase
The enzyme that copies DNA to DNA
Template
“original” from which a copy is made
Transcription
DNA to RNA
RNA Polymerase
The enzyme that copies DNA to RNA
mRNA
messenger RNA (the copy of DNA that goes hot if the nucleus
Translation
RNA to Amino Acid sequence
Ribosome
The thing that translates RNA into Amino Acids
Codon
a section of DNA that codes for a particular amino
Anticodon
The complementary part or tRNA which binds to the mRNA
tRNA
Transfer RNA brings a an amino acid to the mRNA/Ribosome complex
rRNA
Ribosomal RNA - RNA is part of the ribosome
Exon and Intron
Rna editing (Keep exons toss introns)
Mutation
an uncorrected change in the DNA which remains
Insertion
mutations where a nucleotide is added
Deletion
mutation where a nucleotide is removed
Substitution
mutation where nucleotide is replaced
Mitosis
division of the DNA
Meiosis 1
separate the homologous chromosomes
Meiosis 2
separate the chromatids
Down’s syndrome
three 21 chromosomes
Turner’s syndrome
X only
Klinefelters
(XXy), and Poly y
