Test 4 Boldterms

Question 1

Monody

Answer 1

a style of music that involved solo singing with simple instrumental accompaniment. it eventually became recitative but this was the early name for it

Question 2

Bill of Rights

Answer 2

Influential document that stipulated only parliament to make laws and the king/queen cannot cancel them. Parliament must be called every three years, no army to be sent to battle against English citizens, people are

Question 3

Classicism

Answer 3

french artistic culture that said paintings should be about serious subjects and should take lofty themes from mythology, history or the bible. the painters should present these subjects lucidly, straightforwardly, and free of clutter/excessive emotion.

Question 4

Triple Alliance

Answer 4

formed by England, Sweden and Dutch Republic to stop French aggression.

Question 5

Fronde

Answer 5

the civil war of 1648 where Mazarin fought and defeated a coalition of nobles and middle class citizens

Question 6

second practice

Answer 6

particular freer use of dissonant harmonies. New dissonances to properly express meanings of the poems they set to music. suited to Opera

Question 7

trio sonanta

Answer 7

a favored baroque genre was a piece for two high-ranged instruments (usually violin) and basso contnuo. The term trio comes from the fact that there were three written-out parts- two treble melodies and the bass line of the basso continuo. BUT since the basso required 2 players a Trio Sonanta actually needs 4 players.

Question 8

heliocentric

Answer 8

the idea that the universe revolves around the sun and not the earth

Question 9

Glorious Revolution

Answer 9

When England chased James 2 out and Dutch Protestants William and Mary were the new king and queen. They drafted the Bill of Rights

Question 10

Florentine Camerata

Answer 10

a group of artists and intellectuals who first came up with the idea of creating stories told entirely through music

Question 11

gravity

Answer 11

how bodies attract one another that can be measured mathematically. the intensity of gravity differed based on how large the masses were from each other

Question 12

Court Ballets

Answer 12

presented dramatic stories in several acts, danced with music that included solo songs, choral numbers, and instrumental dance music

Question 13

scientific method

Answer 13

carefully controlled experiments for measuring and testing hypotheses about the physical world.

Question 14

Twenty- Four Violins of the King

Answer 14

first large violin ensemble- became the forerunner of the modern day symphony orchestra.

Question 15

recitative

Answer 15

the conversational moments of an opera

Question 16

mercantilism

Answer 16

system Colbert put into place that says in order for a nation to be powerful it must be wealthy, operate self-sufficiently, export more than it imports. revolutionized the French economy

Question 17

geocentric

Answer 17

idea from Aristotle that the moon, stars, sun and planets all revolved around the earth

Question 18

dualistic

Answer 18

a division between the material world and the human soul. the material world can be explained mathematically while the human soul cannot. Descartes argued this

Question 19

binary dance form

Answer 19

contains two sections each repeated and produces the diagram AA BB.

Question 20

Metaphysical poets

Answer 20

The metaphysical poets is a term coined by the poet and critic Samuel Johnson to describe a loose group of English lyric poets of the 17th century, whose work was characterized by the inventive use of conceits, and by speculation about topics such as love or religion.

Question 21

radical skepticism

Answer 21

nothing should be free from doubt. not scripture or truths handed down by medieval Scholastics

Question 22

balance of powers

Answer 22

Its basic tenet is that no single European power should be allowed to achieve hegemony over a substantial part of the continent and that this is best curtailed by having a small number of ever-changing alliances contend for power.

Question 23

aria

Answer 23

the songs of the earliest operas

Question 24

thirty years war

Answer 24

one the longest continually fought wars in modern history. Started out as Protestants vs Roman Catholics but turned into a struggle between Europe’s great powers. The war was fought almost entirely in the land we now call Germany.

Question 25

The Restoration

Answer 25

Charles 2 and James 2 assumed the throne as kings after Cromwell had ruled.

Question 26

deductive method

Answer 26

posing a general law first then inferring from it a set of particular truths

Question 27

English Civil Wars

Answer 27

Parliaments army fighting the Kings army in the 1600s where anti-monarchy revolutionaries wanted England to become more like Greece or Rome

Question 28

basso continuo

Answer 28

the accompaniment ensemble that was first created for the earliest operas

Question 29

French overture

Answer 29

orchestral piece that The French overture is a musical form widely used in the Baroque period. Its basic formal division is into two parts, which are usually enclosed by double bars and repeat signs.

Question 30

inductive method

Answer 30

general laws are discovered after carefully observing a set of empirical facts.

Question 31

Grand Alliance

Answer 31

England, Spain, Holy Roman Empire, Sweden, Scotland all against France

Question 32

laws of planetary motion (3)

Answer 32

1. planets orbit the sun in an ellipse not circle 2.planets move at different speeds 3.the length of time a planet took to orbit the sun was related to its distance from the sun

Question 33

royal absolutism

Answer 33

a form of government that gives all authority to a single individual. Monarchy for example

Question 34

Edict of Nantes

Answer 34

gave Protestants a measure of toleration and helped sooth the decades long conflict between Catholics and Protestant Huguenots.

Question 35

PopeSixtus V

Answer 35

ambitious and ruthless man who dedicated his papacy to making Rome a worthy capital for Counter-Reformation. Sponsored new building and tore down whatever got in his way