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Test 3 Bold Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Johannes Gutenberg

A

German Goldsmith who made printing press (Chapter 9)

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2
Q

linear perspective

A

method which the lines of an object in a drawing recede to a single vanishing point. Humanist agenda (Chapter 9)

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3
Q

Masaccio

A

young artist made The tribute Money and Trinity, political figures (Chapter 9)

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4
Q

Renaissance Features (5 big ones)

A

1)new historical self -consciousness
2)a Humanist outlook
3)an increasingly secular orientation
4) a heightened veneration of human individuality and creativity
5) the advent of the printing press
(Chapter 9)

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5
Q

Trinitity

A

most important paintings with elements that dominated Italian Renaissance art. Linear perspective, greco-roman elements (Chapter 9)

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6
Q

Annunciation

A

simple style, Fra Angelico, put figures into architectural setting. enclosed garden (Mary’s virginity) (Chapter 9)

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7
Q

Madonna and Child by Filippo

A

Virgin with human personality (Chapter 9)

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8
Q

Hundred years’ war

A

in 1300s & 1400s pitting England against France. French won (Chapter 9)

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9
Q

Duchy of Burgundy

A

a small region in France that increased in size and became modern day Beligium of wealth that promoted art (Chapter 9)

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10
Q

Books of Hours

A

Fancy calendars, masterpieces under the Duchy of Burgundy (Chapter 9)

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11
Q

Jan van Eyck

A

One of the greatest painters in western art who worked fro the Burgundian court in 1425. Strove to portray contemporary life as realistically as possible (Chapter 9)

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12
Q

La contenance Angloise

A

The English Guise or a sweetness in constant Harmonies (Chapter 9)

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13
Q

Equal-voice polyphony

A

the 3 parts are equally melodic in character and move at the same rate of speed. single unified personality with all the voices singing the same text and moving together (Chapter 9)

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14
Q

Franco-Flemish

A

group of composers born and trained in present-day Belgium and northeastern France. Brought about the Renaissance style (Chapter 9)

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15
Q

cantus firmus technique

A

fixed melody is a existing melody that a composer takes and inserts into another composition (Chapter 9)

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16
Q

sprezzatura

A

the art of making difficult things look easy (Chapter 10)

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17
Q

Bonfire of the Vanities

A

A priest named Savonarola gathered up and burned all sinful items (Chapter 10)

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18
Q

Age of Exploration

A

Columbus first voyage, Magellan’s spanish expedition (Chapter 10)

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19
Q

Henry the Navigator

A

he set up a trading post in present day Ghana and was seeking a direct sea route to West Africa (Chapter 10)

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20
Q

Bartolomeu Dias

A

Led a portugeuse expedition that rounded the tip of Africa for the first time (Chapter 10)

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21
Q

Vasco da Gama

A

Sailed from Lisbon to Africa to India and back. Was a big deal because it stopped Venice’s monopoly of Far east Trade. Shifted European power from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic states (Chapter 10)

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22
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

wanted to discover and colonize the non-western world (Chapter 10)

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23
Q

John Cabot

A

Italian who crossed the north Atlantic and landed in Newfoundland (Chapter 10)

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24
Q

Gaspar & Miquel Corte-Real

A

explored Greenland and Newfoundland (Chapter 10)

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25
Q

Amerigo Vespucci

A

went to south america several times; first to claim this was a “new world’ and not india (Chapter 10)

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26
Q

Vasco Nunez Balboa

A

became first European to see Pacific Ocean (Chapter 10)

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27
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

first circumnavigation of the globe (Chapter 10)

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28
Q

Hernana Cortes and Francisco Pizarro

A

sent to interiors of south, central and north america and defeated several major civilizations. took riches, introduced europe to diseases that killed thousands and replaced indigenous cultures (Chapter 10)

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29
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

two worlds were linked by sharing exclusive items. Europe brought cattle, horse, and sheep and western hemisphere brought tabacco, maize, and potatoes. (Chapter 10)

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30
Q

European Imperialism

A

brought great wealth to Westren European nations and exploited the resources and peoples of non-western peoples around the globe. (Chapter 10)

31
Q

philology

A

comparative study of languages (Chapter 10)

32
Q

Josquin des Prez

A

born somewhere near France and specialized in sacred generes such as the mass and motet but also wrote secular pieces (Chapter 10)

33
Q

imitative polyphony

A

kind of musical texture in which the different voices sing the same melody one after another. think row row row your boat (Chapter 10)

34
Q

Francis I

A

ruled in the Valois dynasty (Chapter 11)

35
Q

Charles V

A

ruled the Holy Roman Empire (Chapter 11)

36
Q

95 Theses

A

Martin Luther’s ideas of how the reformation came about (Chapter 11)

37
Q

indulgences controversey

A

the practice of letting Christians pay for absolution with money or good works which Martin Luther just despised (Chapter 11)

38
Q

Diet of Worms

A

The Diet of Worms of 1521 was an imperial council that was convened to decide the fate of Martin Luther. It was held in Worms, Germany. The Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, presided over the diet.Luther escaped and authorities never got close to him again (Chapter 11)

39
Q

John Calvin

A

converted to Protestantism and published ideas of predestination (Chapter 11)

40
Q

predestination

A

Calvin idea that God from the very outset decided who would be saved and who would be damned. God was stern and angry while humans were week. (Chapter 11)

41
Q

Geneva

A

turned into a theocratic community. citizens were punished for religious violations as well as secular violations. very strict (Chapter 11)

42
Q

Protestant work ethic

A

values of hard work, discipline and thrift (Chapter 11)

43
Q

Puritians

A

started with the thoughts of calvinism which the strict mindset (Chapter 11)

44
Q

Henry VIII

A

the english king who started his own church because the catholic church wouldn’t let him get divorced from his wife (Chapter 11)

45
Q

Anglican faith

A

the new church that Henry Vii started (Chapter 11)

46
Q

Queen Elizabeth I

A

treated christians and catholics and anglicans with respect even though protestantism eventually became the state religion (Chapter 11)

47
Q

Hugeuentos

A

the french calvinists. fought with catholics in france (Chapter 11)

48
Q

St Barholomew’s Day Massacre

A

Catholics attacked Huguenots in Paris the day before a protestant married a catholic (Chapter 11)

49
Q

Edict of Nantes

A

gave the Huguenots the freedom to worship how they wished and calmed the nation (Chapter 11)

50
Q

Netherlanders

A

split into southern and northern provinces and were prosperous Calvin (Chapter 11)

51
Q

Spanish Netherlands

A

Philip 2 eventually regained the southern Netherlands but could not regain the northern Dutch lands because the Queen of England began to support them (Chapter 11)

52
Q

Spanish Armada

A

Philip’s mighty fleet that was sent to beat the Dutch but ultimately lost (Chapter 11)

53
Q

The United Provinces of the Netherlands

A

Spain fought to regain this dutch part (Chapter 11)

54
Q

The Council of Trent

A

known as the counter reformation. They reaffirmed by faith and good works, importance of pilgrimages and the seven sacraments. stop selling indulgences and stopped clergy from hiring own family members. laid guidelines for art & music (Chapter 11)

55
Q

Ignatius of Loyola

A

a basque nobleman and soldier who decided to become a solider for Christ and founded the Society of Jesus or Jesuits (Chapter 11)

56
Q

Jesuits

A

a movement dedicated to defending Catholicism aggressively against heretic Protestants and other enemies. Scholars and leaders in the church and led missionary movements to the non-western world (Chapter 11)

57
Q

Roman Inquistion

A

kept the faithful on the straight and narrow by fighting doctrines that were considered heretical (Chapter 11)

58
Q

Index of Forbidden Books

A

another way to protect Catholics from heresy (Chapter 11)

59
Q

Mannerism

A

obsessed with style and technique. complex compositional schemes, chose artificial, theatricalized lighting, posed figures awkwardly and in crowded arrangements, exaggerated proportions and traded the rational order of linear perspective for a space that looks ambiguous and disconcerting (Chapter 11)

60
Q

impasto

A

heavy amounts of paint, irregular, light-catching surfaces. deemphasizing drawing and line (Chapter 11)

61
Q

Andrea Palladio

A

specialized in palaces, villas and churches. considered one of the worlds greatest architects in the world. built many church in venice
San Giorgio Maggiore & Villa Rotunda (Chapter 11)

62
Q

Charles V

A

emperor of the Holy Roman Empire which included most of europe including spain (Chapter 11)

63
Q

Philip II

A

Charles V’s son a eagor patron of arts. built the Ecorial- a church, monastery, seminary, library and burial chapel for Spanish kings (Chapter 11)

64
Q

King Francis I

A

greatest art patrons who built many castles, and Fontainebleau (Chapter 11)

65
Q

Chorale

A

german word for chant. a religious poem set to a single unaccompanied melody. became the hymns for the Lutheran church. They were simple and unadorned like Calvin (Chapter 11)

66
Q

Metrical Psalms

A

A metrical psalter is a kind of Bible translation: a book containing a metrical translation of all or part of the Book of Psalms in vernacular poetry, meant to be sung as hymns in a church. Some metrical psalters include melodies or even harmonizations.
Plain-sounding stepwise tunes with rhythms that evoke simplicity and steadiness (Chapter 11)

67
Q

anthems

A

Protestant english texts for music (Chapter 11)

68
Q

French Chanson

A

is in general any lyric-driven French song, usually polyphonic and secular. (Chapter 11)

69
Q

Villancico

A

was a common poetic and musical form of the Iberian Peninsula and Latin America popular from the late 15th to 18th centuries. (Chapter 11)

70
Q

Italian Madrigal

A

word-music relationship. leading place for new experiments in harmony and a genuine international craze (Chapter 11)

71
Q

through-composed

A

In music theory about musical form, the term through-composed means that the music is relatively continuous, non-sectional, and/or non-repetitive. A song is said to be through-composed if it has different music for each stanza of the lyric (Chapter 11)

72
Q

word painting

A

musical technique of writing music that reflects the literal meaning of a song. For example, ascending scales would accompany lyrics about going up; slow, dark music would accompany lyrics about death.
favored by madrigal composers
Sweet Swan (Chapter 11)

73
Q

English Madrigal

A

follow a light hearted, word-painting. jumps back and forth between choral and imitative textures with harmony buoyant (Chapter 11)

Music 201 (6 decks)

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