Test 4

Question 1

Hemiola

Answer 1

when groupings of 3s and 2s are briefly exchanged- group things within the meter but create a different time

Question 2

Irregular Meter

Answer 2

contains irregular groupings of 2 and 3 beats within a measure, 5/8 7/8

Question 3

Mixed Meter

Answer 3

changing meter

Question 4

cross time

Answer 4

• type of counterpoint
• 2 or more regular series of attacks are played simultaneously and the attack points don’t usually coincide
• typically deals with tuplets
• 2 against 3 in Chopin

Question 5

Cross meter

Answer 5

• type of counterpoint
• 2 or more meters played simultaneously
• units of beat coincide but downbeats typically don’t
• 3/4 and 4/4 at the same time

Question 6

polymeter

Answer 6

• type of counterpoint

- 2 or more meters played at the same time but beats and downbeats don’t line up

Question 7

poly tempo

Answer 7

-2 or more ensembles play at different speeds simultaneously

Question 8

polyrhythm

Answer 8

• 2 or more ostinato lines playing simultaneously
• type of counterpoint
• accents on different subdivisions of the beat

Question 9

irrational meter

Answer 9

• bottom number isn’t normal

- not 1,2,3,8,16,32,64

Question 10

nonretrogradable rhythm

Answer 10

-palindrome rhythm pattern

Question 11

metric modulation

Answer 11

-tuplets play against beats or divisions of beats and the latter drop out while the former duplets become the new beat or divisions

Question 12

indeterminate rhythm

Answer 12

-no determined rhythm

Question 13

ornamentation

Answer 13

• uses microtones to embellish the sound

- it would be a note here or there like a passing tone, grace note, etc

Question 14

expanded aggregate

Answer 14

• takes the whole step redivides it equally

- third tones, quarter tones, fifth tones, sixth tones

Question 15

new (or revived) tuning system

Answer 15

• whole approach is a new tuning system
• Harry Partch
• derive pitches from pure ratio-based intervals (overtone series)

Question 16

special effects

Answer 16

• create effects more related to noise or distortion than to interval harmony
• more for timbre

Question 17

Levels of Determinacy

Answer 17

• Determined
• Governed
• Optional
• Indetermnate

Question 18

Determined

Answer 18

-composer specifies with traditional notation or completely specific means what to play

Question 19

Governed

Answer 19

-the composer gives the players criteria or rule to follow for what to play

Question 20

Optional

Answer 20

• composer gives the player an explicit set of options

- instruction is given as a choice between two or more quite specific possibilities

Question 21

Indeterminate

Answer 21

-composer either does not say what to do or specifically tells the player to do whatever the player wants

Question 22

4 microtone uses

Answer 22

• ornamentation
• expanded aggregate
• new or revived tuning system
• special effects