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Ed Psych > Test 4 > Flashcards

Test 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following is a method of instruction that combines education with volunteering in the community?

A

Service learning

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2
Q

This is used to accurately identify a student as needing more intensive and more frequent instruction:

A

Dual discrepancy method

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3
Q

Which disorder has the following characteristics: serious violation of rules, aggression toward people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness, or theft

A

Conduct disorder

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4
Q

Erikson believed that we are born with our personalities, and they are not acquired through experience throughout our lives.

A

False

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5
Q

Piaget says that moral realism is the stage where rules cannot be broken.

A

True

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6
Q

Even though Sally wanted to become an actress, she went to business school because her parents wanted her to take over the family business. Which best describes Sally’s identity status?

A

Identity foreclosure

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7
Q

Which of the following describes the situation written below? Anita is a senior in high school. By choice, she does not drink during week nights because she knows it is illegal to do so underage. Next year, she plans on attending the state university to major in Business Administration.

A

Identity Achievement

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8
Q

Which of the following terms includes a parent’s workplace affecting the child?

A

Exosystem

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9
Q

True or false: Students with reading disabilities from elementary through college level lack automaticity of word recognition and decoding.

A

true

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10
Q

Jonny was drinking a cup of apple juice. Then, Jonny became very upset, threw his cup on the ground, and got apple juice all over the floor. Which response is an example of an authoritative parenting style?

A

Jonny’s parents have him clean it up and explain why he cannot throw his drink when he gets mad

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11
Q

During which of Erikson’s stages might a person develop a strong sense of who they are?

A

Identity vs. Role Confusion

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12
Q

Which of the following are signs that a child may have autism?

A

Impaired social interaction, Impaired communication, Repetitive behaviors

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13
Q

Under IDEIA, schools must develop a(n)______________ for students who have special education needs. This plan outlines curricula, educational modifications, and provision of services intended to enhance or improve the student’s academic, social, or behavioral skills.

A

IEP

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14
Q

Which of the following is a physical symptom of anxiety:

A

Shaking or chills, Increased heart rate, Fast breathing

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15
Q

The knowledge that one behaves appropriately according to societal expectations for one’s gender is…

A

Gender-role identity

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16
Q

The following are good examples of service learning except:

A

Writing a paper on pollution

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17
Q

In RtI, a student who is learning English and struggling in class because of this would likely be in…

A

Tier 3

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18
Q

To a student, according to Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory, parent-teacher conferences are an example of

A

Mesosystem

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19
Q

True or false: Generally, students with high self-esteem are more successful in school?

A

true

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20
Q

Which result comes from students who are depressed?

A

Higher dropout rate, Peer isolation, Lower academic performance

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21
Q

Which parenting style best describes the following parent? Lucy’s mom and dad work many hours during the week. Therefore, they do not spend time with her nor attend her sporting events. Neither do they praise Lucy for any of her accomplishments. Yet they require that Lucy is home by 10:00pm each night with all of her chores finished before she is in bed. They also do not allow her to go on the internet for recreation purposes after 11:00pm on weekdays.

A

Authoritarian

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22
Q

What is Marcia’s category of identity achievement where a child has committed to an identity without trying to discover who they are, due to their parents’ influence?

A

Identity Foreclosure

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23
Q

A clique is a larger group of people who have similar interests, but different backgrounds.

A

False

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24
Q

Measuring peoples’ responses to moral dilemmas was initially studied by…

A

Kohlberg

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25
Q

What type of parent is considered the ideal parent? This parent uses punishment effectively and appropriately, and is firm but caring.

A

Authoritative

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26
Q

Which disability is characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills.

A

Intellectual Disability

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27
Q

The exosystem would include…

A

Parents’ places of work, local school board

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28
Q

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of autism?

A

Depressed mood

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29
Q

According to the textbook, what percentage of students are diagnosed with ADHD?

A

5%

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30
Q

According to Erikson’s psychosocial theory, high school students should have_________ responsibilities and _________ opportunities for exploring different roles.

A

Few; many

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31
Q

While sociability is ______, prosociality is ______

A

One’s level of social participation; focusing on others’ needs by helping others based on social norms

32
Q

During which one of Kohlberg’s stages do children focus on themselves and make decisions to avoid punishment?

A

Pre-conventional

33
Q

In which order do the stages of Empathy follow?

A

Global, egocentric, empathy for another’s feelings

34
Q

An IEP is a plan to enhance or improve the academic, social or behavior skills of….

A

Students that meet the criteria of IDEIA

35
Q

Which statement about ADHD is false:

A

Students with ADHD generally have better cooperation and a willingness to wait their turn or play by the rules.

36
Q

_____ is linked to better health for boys, whereas ______ is linked to better health for girls.

A

masculinity, androgyny

37
Q

In Kohlberg’s theory, which is most defined by an egocentric view of right and wrong?

A

pre conventional

38
Q

It’s most accurate to say that ADHD is a conditions whose origins are primarily _________.

A

neurological

39
Q

According to Marcia, identity development should be discussed in terms of ______ and _____.

A

exploration, commitment

40
Q

Which statement best illustrates self-esteem?

A

“I feel good about my reading skills”

41
Q

Which is the best example of relational aggression?

A

spreading rumors to hurt someones reputation

42
Q

Which is the best example of overt aggression?

A

physically hurting someone

43
Q

Most individuals with autism also have __________

A

intellectual disabilities

44
Q

Which parenting style is linked to positive outcomes for U.S., middle-class students?

A

authoritative

45
Q

n terms of numbers served, the largest special education category is ________ disabilities.

A

specific learning

46
Q

Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory includes in its model the terms _________________.

A

mesosystem, exosystem, and chronosystem

47
Q

According to Erikson, when does a person develop an identity, an understanding of “who I am”?

A

in high school

48
Q

The stages in development of ethnic identity are most highly related to _____.

A

global identity developemnt

49
Q

Which best describes the term inclusion?

A

integrating all students within general education classrooms

50
Q

Special education law requires that each student with a disability receive ______________.

A

an individualized education plan

51
Q

Which of these is a newer method to identify a specific learning disability under IDEIA 2004?

A

response to intervention

52
Q

In later childhood and early adolescence, friendships tend to be based upon ______________.

A

stable, similar qualities, such as common interests

53
Q

Marcella persistently bullies others & destroys property. Which disorder does she seem to have?

A

conduct disorder

54
Q

The individuals most closely associated with theories of moral reasoning are _______________.

A

kohlberg and piaget

55
Q

Which statement is most likely from a child at the postconventional level of moral development?

A

“It is beneficial to all if we do not tolerate stealing”

56
Q

microsystem

A

the immediate environment surrounding an individual includes the people, relationships, and systems that directly interact with the developing individual dud has family, peers, and school

57
Q

mesosystem

A

links two or more Microsystems. For example the communication between parents and schools environments or home and child care settings

58
Q

exosystem

A

is the interaction among two or more environments, one of which does not directly include the individual. For developing children and adolescents, the ecosystem includes link between home and their parents’ places of work, The developing child typically has no direct interaction with a parents work lace but is influenced by that environment indirectly. For example parental work stress influences children’s adjustment

59
Q

chronosystem

A

refers to the chronological nature of development within the individual as well as the history of the surrounding environment. The social environment changes over time and affects developing individuals differently at various points in history. For example the impact of divorce on child development was viewed more negatively during the 1950s than it is today

60
Q

macrosystem

A

includes many of the broader cultural patterns such as beliefs customs knowleges and morals. Bronferbrenner suggests that this is not simply the ethnicity or social class of individuals but rather the social features that affect individuals. For example, low income children may experience more stressors in their macro system- substandard housing, crowding, or community violence- than do middle class children

61
Q

parenting practices

A

are the patterns of discipline and affection parents display with their children

62
Q

control

A

is the manner and strictness with which parents provide their children with limits and discipline

63
Q

Responsiveness

A

included the affection, acceptance, and caring involves in parents

64
Q

authoritative parenting

A

includes setting limits or having rules for children and adolescents, and enforcing those rules. Parents and children also exhibit a high level of emotional connectedness that allows the parents to be flexible when necessary. For example parents may be less strict than usual because they understand that their child is having difficult with peers at school or is upset about not making the cheerleading squad

65
Q

Authoritarian parenting

A

includes a high level of control in which limits are set and rules are enforced yet emotional connectedness is lacking. Parents may be viewed as “dictators” who are inflexible, unable to bend the rules to accommodate special or unusual circumstances. For example, a parent might make a negative comment regarding the B on the childs report card when all the other grades are As

66
Q

Permissive parenting

A

involves less control, with parents either not setting rules for behavior or not enforcing rules. However, parents do have a close connection to their children such that observers might refer to them as “friends’ rather than parents. For example parents may show this affection y giving in to their child’s tantrums in the grocery line and buying candy, or they may ground this adolescent but not monitor whether the teenager is home.

67
Q

Uninvolved parenting

A

lacks both control and resposivemness. Parents typically are unaware of their childs behavior, friends, difficulties, or achievements. For example, a parent may not know when reports come home from school or may be unable to name his childs friends. These parents are at risk of being neglectful or abusive.

68
Q

self-fulfilling prophecy

A

as unfounded expectation that becomes true simply because it was expected. For example, a teacher who is aware of the relationship between divorce and achievement may expect less of children of divorce, which can lead to behaviors that cause the student to achieve less in school

69
Q

cliques

A

are small groups of two to eight people who know each other very well. Cliques provide opportunities to learn social skills to discover how to communicate in interpersonal relationships, and for some to practice leadership roles within small groups.

70
Q

Crowds

A

larger, reputation-based peer groups that typically have common label across school districts and vary across gender

71
Q

overt aggression

A

physical, such as fighting with the intent to harm another physically

72
Q

relational aggression

A

refers to behaviors specifically intended to damage another child’s friendships, social status, or feelings of inclusion in peer group. Such behaviors include gossiping, rumor spreading, and excluding someone as a way to control them

73
Q

sociometric popularity

A

students nominate peers whom them most like and most dislike within their classroom or grade

74
Q

perceived popularity

A

students nominate peers who are the most popular of “cool” and those who are the least popular or “cool”

75
Q

rejected youth

A

individuals who display aggressive behaviors but do not display the positive behaviors of cooperation and social skills

76
Q

neglected youth

A

the final category of peer status includes those individual who are neither popular not aggressive

Ed Psych (4 decks)

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