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Ap Euro > Test 4 > Flashcards

Test 4 Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
1
Q

Quadruple Alliance

A

Russia, Prussia, Austria, and England.

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2
Q

Louis XVII

A

King restored to power during bourbon restoration.

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3
Q

Principle of Legitamacy

A

Monarchs were the only way to keep order.

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4
Q

German Confederacy

A

39 German States set to replace Holy Roman Empire.

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5
Q

Prince Klemens Won Metternich

A

Austria in Congress of Vienna. Led congress of Vienna. Strong conservative, anti democracy and nationalism. Hated ideas of French Revolution.

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6
Q

Lord Castelereigh

A

England in Congress of Vienna. Set on weakening France.

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7
Q

Czar Alexandar I

A

Russia in Congress of Vienna. Wanted a Holy Alliance system where Christian monarchs fight revolutions. Not realistic, pope and Britain didn’t join in. Wanted free Poland, with himself as King.

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8
Q

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand

A

France in Congress of Vienna. Played mediator between Prussia/Russia and England/Austria.

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9
Q

Karl Bon Hardenberg

A

Prussia in Congress of Vienna. Wanted Prussia’s territory back that was lost to Napoleon in 1807. Wanted northern German territory of saxony.

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10
Q

England’s Gain in the Congress of Vienna

A

Naval bases in Malta, Ceylon, and Cape of Good hope.

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11
Q

Austria’s gain in the Congress of Vienna

A

Lombardy, Venetia, Galicia, Illyrian Province (Adriatic Sea).

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12
Q

Russia’s gain in the Congress of Vienna

A

Most of Poland, Finland. Alexander I did become constitutional monarch of Poland and stayed autocratic czar of Russia as well.

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13
Q

Prussia’s gain in the Congress of Vienna

A

The Rhineland, part of Poland.

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14
Q

Sweden’s gain in the Congress of Vienna

A

Norway.

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15
Q

Frankfurt Proposals

A

After defeat at Leipzig, Metternich of Austria offered that Napoleon could remain French emperor and retain Rhine frontier. Proposals rejected and was soon after defeated by quadruple alliance.

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16
Q

Concert of Europe

A

A doctrine pushing national self-interest. Contributed a common European harmony through collective responsibility and consultations.

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17
Q

Peterloo Massacre

A

Massacre in Manchester England in 1819 where troops fired on workers who were smashing machinery in a fueled reform. Time of industrial Revolution.

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18
Q

Burshenshaften

A

Liberal militant student unions that demanded a unified central government with a liberal constitution. Led to passage of Carlsbad Decree.

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19
Q

Carlsbad Decree

A

Decree in 1819 that banned and tightened control over university control.

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20
Q

The Greek Revolution

A

Nationalism rises in Greece and Turks defeat in in 1828 and Greece is independent by 1832. Bavarian prince became king.

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21
Q

Russian Revolution

A

Poverty and Tyranny cause this in 1825. Enlightened ideas and desire for economic equality with West. Death of Czar Alexander I. Crushed by Nicholas. Results were hundreds killed and exiled to Siberia.

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22
Q

Pavel Pastel

A

Ideological all leader that was hung in the Russian Revolution of 1825.

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23
Q

Miguel Hidalgo

A

A Mestizo priest that led poor masses in wars of Liberation in Latin America. From Mexico. Executed in 1811.

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24
Q

Jose Morelos

A

Mestizo priest after hidalgo continued his work in Mexico during Wars of Liberation in Latin America. Executed in 1815.

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25
Q

Augustine de Iturbide

A

Another leader of the wars of liberation in Latin America.

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26
Q

Simon Bolivar

A

Enlightened Venezuelan Creole army officer who fought for Freedom from Spain. Defeated Spanish in Peru, but Gran Columbia failed.

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27
Q

Jose de San Martin

A

Argentine Creole army officer who defeated Spanish forces in some areas of South America.

28
Q

Charter of French Liberties

A

A constitution that created a two house legislature (of select property keepers, made ministers unsure who they were responsible to) and allowed freedom of the press. Restored by Louis XVIII beFore July days of 1830. Caused debate between ultra royalists, liberals, and students.

29
Q

Louis Philippe

A

“Hijacker of the Revolution”. King of France after overthrow of last of Bourbon line, Charles V.

30
Q

Francois Guizot

A

Louis Philippe’s Chief Minister. “Enrich yourselves” in decades to industrial revolution.

31
Q

Tories

A

Conservatives

32
Q

Whigs

A

Liberals

33
Q

Bobbies

A

First police force in England created by Robbert Bobby. Seen as social suppression.

34
Q

Reform bill of 1832

A

Introduced by lord Greg and Lord John Russell. Took 1.5 years to pass. Attempts to fix inequalities in British Parliamentary system, made voting more equal.

35
Q

February Days

A

A brief cooperation between radicals and liberals after declaring the 2nd French Republic in 1848.

36
Q

Luxembourg commission

A

National workshop that’s et wages and hours in 1848 after being declared 2nd French Republic. Dissolved.

37
Q

A de Toqueville

A

“One part of the population against the other” during time of class warfare in France after 1848.

38
Q

Party of order

A

Alliance of conservative monarchists and moderate liberals during time of Class warfare after 1848. Leader became Louis Napoleon Bonaparte.

39
Q

Louis Napoleon Bonaparte

A

Nephew. Man of people, “extinction of poverty”. Crowned self emperor and history repeated.

40
Q

Bloody Italy

A

1848x radicals revolts gains Pope Pius IX after nationalism grows in Italy. Roman Republic created with Giuseppe Mazzini as 1st Triumvir and a military Oligarchy rules Rome.

41
Q

Charles Albert

A

Leads independence against Austria during time of Bloody Italy of 1848. Forces Austria to flee. Soon taken back.

42
Q

German Revolutions

A
  1. Successful revolts I. Germany. Caused by unemployment and famine anger. Seize noble rights and demand rights, got them.
43
Q

Frederick William IV

A

Responded to German revolution violence in Berlin March of 1848 by announcing reforms. Also created Frankfurt assembly to pass constitutions.

44
Q

Vienna March

A

1848, those in Vienna, Prague, Budapest. Student, intellectuals, and unemployed called for freedom and constitution. Metternich flees in disguise. Later students and intellectuals have to flee as Austria reasserts power.

45
Q

People’s Charter movement

A

British response to radicalism. Chartists that’s supported manhood suffrage, annual elections, and salaries for members of parliament. Became more popular in 1848.

46
Q

Nicholas I

A

Not well loved ruler of Russia, who crushed Decembrists. Created the Cheka.

47
Q

Cheka

A

Secret police in Russia that cracked down intellectual discussion groups in 1848 and exiled hundreds.

48
Q

Vienna March

A

1848, those in Vienna, Prague, Budapest. Student, intellectuals, and unemployed called for freedom and constitution. Metternich flees in disguise. Later students and intellectuals have to flee as Austria reasserts power.

49
Q

People’s Charter movement

A

British response to radicalism. Chartists that’s supported manhood suffrage, annual elections, and salaries for members of parliament. Became more popular in 1848.

50
Q

Nicholas I

A

Not well loved ruler of Russia, who crushed Decembrists. Created the Cheka.

51
Q

Cheka

A

Secret police in Russia that cracked down intellectual discussion groups in 1848 and exiled hundreds.

52
Q

Public health act of 1875

A

Pave roads and clean town streets of England during Industrial Revolution. Inspectors assigned to advise local issues.

53
Q

Althorp’s act of 1833

A

Banned employment of children under 9 years, limited work day hours for certain ages.

54
Q

Factory Acts (Along with Reform act of 1832).

A

Mine workers couldn’t employ women or boys younger than 10, for mine work. Hours limited further. Mandated attendance at school. Safer fencing on machines.

55
Q

Trade Union Congress

A

Congress formed in 1868 by 5 larger unions. Won right to strike and developed new unions.

56
Q

Karl Marx

A

Outraged by grossly unequal distribution of wealth and the exploitation of workers by the industrial capitalists. Writes communist manifesto. Revolution leads to “classless” society. Became leader of Socialist movement.

57
Q

Robert Owen

A

Welsh businessman, textile mill owner. Says people shaped by surroundings. Makes model textile mills, saying different conditions would change workers. Created community of 2000 people.

58
Q

Luddites

A

Those unpleased with new technology in Industrial Revolution.

59
Q

Edward Jenner

A

Invented the injection of diseases called vaccines in 1796.

60
Q

Alexander Graham Bell

A

Invented the telephone in 1876.

61
Q

Thomas Edison

A

Created light bulb that spread use of electricity in 1879.

62
Q

William Rontgen

A

Made the x-Ray used for better surgeries in 1895. Use of corpses to train better surgeons.

63
Q

Neoclassical art

A

Paintings based on Classical Greek and Roman art and culture that show heroic science from ancient history.

64
Q

Romantic Art

A

Shoes scenes of family, nature, heroism, religious, and emotional subjects. Made to look better.

65
Q

Realist Art

A

Based on details of daily life, common people. Not idealized, only truth.

Ap Euro (3 decks)

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