Test 4 Flashcards
Ecological Hierarchy Term: All the black bears in Great Smokey Mountains National Park.
population
Ecological Hierarchy Term: all the black bears and hazelnut trees in Great Smokey Mountains National Park
community
Ecological Hierarchy Term: All the black bears, hazelnut trees, and streams in Great Smokey Mountains National Park.
Ecosystem
T or F: Precipitation that falls on Greensboro is generally evenly distributed throughout the year.
True
T or F: The biodiversity in Greensboro’s amphibian species are limited due to insufficient sources of fresh water.
False
In which of these zones would the primary productivity in the ocean be the lowest?
(i) Benthic
(ii) Intertidal
(iii) Littoral
(iv) Pelagic
(v) Aphotic
(v) The Aphotic zone.
A snail living on the bottom of Lake Brandt would be found in the ..?.. zone.
Benthic zone
Which of the following biomes is valued for its role in serving as a breeding area for marine invertebrates?
(i) estuary
(ii) pond
(iii) river
(iv) tundra
(v) alpine
(i) Estuary
A biologist reported that a 1-L sample of pond water contained 140 individuals of the crustacean Daphnia magna. What characteristic of the population was the biologist measuring?
Density
The dispersion pattern of terrestrial animal species, such as black bears, is generally:
Regular
T or F: The proportion of reproductive-age females is an important variable in determining the change in population size.
True
In the equation, the value of r is sometimes called a population’s intrinsic rate of increase. When would the value of r be at the maximum value possible?
When birth rate of the population greatly exceeds the death rate.
Which of the following is not generally considered to be a density-independent regulator of population size?
(i) flooding
(ii) intraspecific competition
(iii) tornadoes
(iv) sudden cold snaps
(v) catstrophic wildfires
(ii) intraspecific competition
Which of the following is not characteristic of a “K-strategist” species( with respect to life history)?
(i) few offspring per reproductive event
(ii) a single reproductive event in its lifetime
(iii) S-shaped population growth curve
(iv) stable habitat with predictable climate
(v) considerable parental care for offspring
(ii) a single reproductive event
Which of the following statements is accurate concerning the world’s population of humans?
(i) Improved sanitation, health care, and agriculture have contributed to human population growth.
(ii) The graph of human population growth over recorded history appears to be S-shaped.
(iii) The growth curve mimics that of a K strategist species, but it shouldn’t
(iv) The growth rate of the human population has continued to increase in recent years.
(v) Humans recently reached Earth’s carrying capacity for this species.
(i) improved sanitation, health care, and agriculture have contributed to human population growth.
The relationship between fleas and dogs, where fleas bite dogs and withdraw blood from them(making the dogs weak) Choose appropriate term (i) predation (ii) amensalism (iii) interspecific competition (iv) mutualism (v) parasitism
(v) parasitism
The relationship between owls and the mice that they hunt and ingest whole. Choose appropriate term (i) predation (ii) amensalism (iii) interspecific competition (iv) mutualism (v) parasitism
(i) predation
The relationship between shrimp and fish in oceans, consuming the same species of plankton. Choose appropriate term (i) predation (ii) amensalism (iii) interspecific competition (iv) mutualism (v) parasitism
(iii) Interspecific competition
Which of the following is not generally considered to be a plant defense against herbivory?
(i) insect hormone analogs
(ii) microscopic crystals
(iii) presence of thorns
(iv) production of toxins
(v) aposematic coloration
(v) aposematic coloration
Which of the following is an example of species’ use of mimicry to avoid predation?
(i) the election of pungent spray by a provoked skunk
(ii) the physical features of the wood nymph moth
(iii) the reddish color of ripened berries
(iv) the yellowish-brown coat color of cheetahs
(v) the bright orange head of a poison dart frog
(ii) the physical features of the wood nymph moth
Evolutionary successful parasitic species:
actively seek their host species
In his experiments with Paramecium in the 1930’s, G.F. Gause descirbed the “competitive exclusion principle?, which basically states that two species cannot occupy the same ..?.. in a community.
niche
T or F: The concept of resource partitioning is two species that can coevolve to share overlapping habitats.
True
T or F: Biologist know that by ecological succession, Primary succession always follows animal-caused disturbances in communities.
False
The appropriate trophic level for the cricket is:
consider: saltwater marsh grass->cricket->frog->crane->hawk
Primary consumer
Which organism would incorporate the greatest amount of solar energy in this food chain?
saltwater marsh grass->cricket->frog->crane->hawk
Saltwater Marsh grass
Which organisms would have the lowest biomass in an Eltonian pyramid of biomass?
(saltwater marsh grass->cricket->frog->crane->hawk)
Hawks
What trophic level is not shown in this food chain?
saltwater marsh grass->cricket->frog->crane->hawk
decomposers
The rate at which autotrophs convert solar energy to the chemical energy of organic compounds is called:
Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)
T or F: The Gross Primary Productivity is about 10% of net primary productivity.
False
In the carbon cycle, how does carbon from the biotic components of the ecosystem normally enter the atmosphere?
Respiration
The main reservoir of nitrogen in a terrestrial ecosystem is in the form of:
nitrogen gas (N2) in the atmosphere.
T or F: The “dead zone” along the Gulf coast of the United States can be ultimately attributed to human interference with the normal functioning of the carbon cycle.
False
