Test 4

Question 1

Ecological Hierarchy Term: All the black bears in Great Smokey Mountains National Park.

Answer 1

population

Question 2

Ecological Hierarchy Term: all the black bears and hazelnut trees in Great Smokey Mountains National Park

Answer 2

community

Question 3

Ecological Hierarchy Term: All the black bears, hazelnut trees, and streams in Great Smokey Mountains National Park.

Answer 3

Ecosystem

Question 4

T or F: Precipitation that falls on Greensboro is generally evenly distributed throughout the year.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

T or F: The biodiversity in Greensboro’s amphibian species are limited due to insufficient sources of fresh water.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

In which of these zones would the primary productivity in the ocean be the lowest?

(i) Benthic
(ii) Intertidal
(iii) Littoral
(iv) Pelagic
(v) Aphotic

Answer 6

(v) The Aphotic zone.

Question 7

A snail living on the bottom of Lake Brandt would be found in the ..?.. zone.

Answer 7

Benthic zone

Question 8

Which of the following biomes is valued for its role in serving as a breeding area for marine invertebrates?

(i) estuary
(ii) pond
(iii) river
(iv) tundra
(v) alpine

Answer 8

(i) Estuary

Question 9

A biologist reported that a 1-L sample of pond water contained 140 individuals of the crustacean Daphnia magna. What characteristic of the population was the biologist measuring?

Answer 9

Density

Question 10

The dispersion pattern of terrestrial animal species, such as black bears, is generally:

Answer 10

Regular

Question 11

T or F: The proportion of reproductive-age females is an important variable in determining the change in population size.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

In the equation, the value of r is sometimes called a population’s intrinsic rate of increase. When would the value of r be at the maximum value possible?

Answer 12

When birth rate of the population greatly exceeds the death rate.

Question 13

Which of the following is not generally considered to be a density-independent regulator of population size?

(i) flooding
(ii) intraspecific competition
(iii) tornadoes
(iv) sudden cold snaps
(v) catstrophic wildfires

Answer 13

(ii) intraspecific competition

Question 14

Which of the following is not characteristic of a “K-strategist” species( with respect to life history)?

(i) few offspring per reproductive event
(ii) a single reproductive event in its lifetime
(iii) S-shaped population growth curve
(iv) stable habitat with predictable climate
(v) considerable parental care for offspring

Answer 14

(ii) a single reproductive event

Question 15

Which of the following statements is accurate concerning the world’s population of humans?

(i) Improved sanitation, health care, and agriculture have contributed to human population growth.
(ii) The graph of human population growth over recorded history appears to be S-shaped.
(iii) The growth curve mimics that of a K strategist species, but it shouldn’t
(iv) The growth rate of the human population has continued to increase in recent years.
(v) Humans recently reached Earth’s carrying capacity for this species.

Answer 15

(i) improved sanitation, health care, and agriculture have contributed to human population growth.

Question 16

The relationship between fleas and dogs, where fleas bite dogs and withdraw blood from them(making the dogs weak)
Choose appropriate term
(i) predation
(ii) amensalism
(iii) interspecific competition
(iv) mutualism
(v) parasitism

Answer 16

(v) parasitism

Question 17

The relationship between owls and the mice that they hunt and ingest whole.
Choose appropriate term
(i) predation
(ii) amensalism
(iii) interspecific competition
(iv) mutualism
(v) parasitism

Answer 17

(i) predation

Question 18

The relationship between shrimp and fish in oceans, consuming the same species of plankton.
Choose appropriate term
(i) predation
(ii) amensalism
(iii) interspecific competition
(iv) mutualism
(v) parasitism

Answer 18

(iii) Interspecific competition

Question 19

Which of the following is not generally considered to be a plant defense against herbivory?

(i) insect hormone analogs
(ii) microscopic crystals
(iii) presence of thorns
(iv) production of toxins
(v) aposematic coloration

Answer 19

(v) aposematic coloration

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of species’ use of mimicry to avoid predation?

(i) the election of pungent spray by a provoked skunk
(ii) the physical features of the wood nymph moth
(iii) the reddish color of ripened berries
(iv) the yellowish-brown coat color of cheetahs
(v) the bright orange head of a poison dart frog

Answer 20

(ii) the physical features of the wood nymph moth

Question 21

Evolutionary successful parasitic species:

Answer 21

actively seek their host species

Question 22

In his experiments with Paramecium in the 1930’s, G.F. Gause descirbed the “competitive exclusion principle?, which basically states that two species cannot occupy the same ..?.. in a community.

Answer 22

niche

Question 23

T or F: The concept of resource partitioning is two species that can coevolve to share overlapping habitats.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

T or F: Biologist know that by ecological succession, Primary succession always follows animal-caused disturbances in communities.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

The appropriate trophic level for the cricket is:

consider: saltwater marsh grass->cricket->frog->crane->hawk

Answer 25

Primary consumer

Question 26

Which organism would incorporate the greatest amount of solar energy in this food chain?
saltwater marsh grass->cricket->frog->crane->hawk

Answer 26

Saltwater Marsh grass

Question 27

Which organisms would have the lowest biomass in an Eltonian pyramid of biomass?
(saltwater marsh grass->cricket->frog->crane->hawk)

Answer 27

Hawks

Question 28

What trophic level is not shown in this food chain?

saltwater marsh grass->cricket->frog->crane->hawk

Answer 28

decomposers

Question 29

The rate at which autotrophs convert solar energy to the chemical energy of organic compounds is called:

Answer 29

Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)

Question 30

T or F: The Gross Primary Productivity is about 10% of net primary productivity.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

In the carbon cycle, how does carbon from the biotic components of the ecosystem normally enter the atmosphere?

Answer 31

Respiration

Question 32

The main reservoir of nitrogen in a terrestrial ecosystem is in the form of:

Answer 32

nitrogen gas (N2) in the atmosphere.

Question 33

T or F: The “dead zone” along the Gulf coast of the United States can be ultimately attributed to human interference with the normal functioning of the carbon cycle.

Answer 33

False