Test #4 Flashcards
ATP requirement for men
8400 kJ (2000 kCal) – 83 kg of ATP
How much ATP do human posses
250 g at any given moment
Compensating the disparity between amount of ATP available and amount of ATP needed
Compensate by constantly recycling ADP and ATP
How many times is a molecule of ATP recyled each day
300 times
How are ATP molecules recycled
Recycled through Oxidative Phosphorylation
Overall Delta G of Reaction of ETC
Exothermic
What does ETC make
Makes Proton gradient –> Resulting proton gradient and transmemebrane electrical potential creates proton motive force
How is ATP synthesized (overall)
ATP is synthesized when electrons flow back to Mitocondrial matrix through enzyme complex
***ATP is synthesized by oxidation of a fuel + phosphorylation of ADP that are coupled by a proton gradient across the mitocondrial membrane
What couples Oxidation of fuel and Phosphorylation of ADP
Coupled by a proton gradient across mictocondrial membrane
Cell respiration
Generation if Hight Transfer Potential Electrons by TCA cycle and flow through respiratory chain
Membrane system of MItocondria
Mitocondria are bound by a double membrane
1. Outter memebrane
2. Highly folded inner memebrane
Inner memebrane of Mitocondria
Folded into a series of interanl ridges called “cristea”
Compartments of Mitocondria
- Intermemebrane space
- Matrix
Mitocondrial Matrix
Bound by inner memebarne – Matrix is the site of most of the reactions of the TCA cycle and Fatty acid oxidation
Where does ETC take plase
ETC takes place in the inner memebrane
Surface area of inner memebrane
Has increased SA because of cristae –> Increases SA of Inner memebrane creates more sites for Oxidative Phosphorylation
Permability of outter memebrane
The outter memebreane is permeable to most small molecules + ions – BECAUSE it has proins –> has pore forming proeteins
Pore forming proteins in outter memebrane
VDAC – Volt dependet anion Chanel –> most prevelant protein in mitocondrial memebarne
***Plays a role is regulated flux of metabolites across the memrbane (Phophates + Cl- + Organic anions + Adenine)
Permability of inner membrane
Inner memebrane = impermaeble
***There is a large family of transporters that shuttel metabolites across the inner memebrane
Two faces of inner mitocondrial memebrane
- Matrix side – N side (Negitive)
- Cytoplasmic side – P (Positive)
Bacterial ETC
Electron proton pumps + ATP are synthesizing complexes are on on the cytoplasmic side
Where is ETC and ATP synthesis
In the mitocondria
***ETC = in the inner memebrane of mitocondria
Where is TCA cycle
In the mitocondrial matrix
What does TCA produce
NADH + FADH2 –> They both go to ETC