Test 4 Flashcards
Salicylates - Actions
- antipyretic lowers body temperature by dilation of peripheral blood vessels
- analgesics and anti-inflammatory , inhibit the production of prostaglandins
- decreasing risk of myocardial infarction
Salicylates - Adverse Reactions
Gastrointestinal system reactions
-gastric upset
-heartburn
-nausea/vomiting
-anorexia
-GI bleeding
Toxicity - Salicylates
-ringing in ears
Antidote : activated charcoal
Non-salicylates - Actions & uses
Used to treat mild to moderate pain
-reduce elevated body temperature
-manage pain/discomfort
-in clients who received minor surgical procedures recently
Non - salicylates - adverse reactions (rare)
-skin eruptions, urticaria
-hemolytic anemia
-pancytopenia
-hypoglycemia
-jaundice , hepatotoxicity , and hepatic failure
Non-salicylates - toxicity (aspirin)
Can occur after a single dose and can be fatal at 20-25g
- signs of toxicity : nausea/vomiting , confusion , liver tenderness , hypotension , cardiac arrhythmias , jaundice , and acute hepatic and renal failure
NSAID - actions
Antipyretic - lowers body temperature by dilation of peripheral blood vessels
Analgesics and anti inflammatory - inhibit the production of prostaglandins
NSAID - contradictions
Known hypersensitivity to NSAIDS or aspirin
- cross sensitivity w other NSAIDS
- pregnancy 3rd trimester & lactation
- allergy to sulfonamides or history of cardiac disease or stroke ( celecoxib)
- hypertension, peptic ulceration , or GI bleeding (ibuprofen)
Vitamin K deficiency
Can’t have salicylates
Aspirin-toxicity
Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
Acetaminophen 5 A’s
- absence of bleeding
- acetlcsystine
- aspirin
- avoid kids can cause possible Reye’s syndrome
Creatinine
Over 1.3 = bad kidney
Kidney in distress output
30 ml or less
Never take NSAIDS ;
With asthma , nasal polyps
- increased bleed risk looks like coffee grounds
Use acetaminophen instead
Antidote for opioid and heroine overdose
Naloxone
1-2 hour half life , monitor every 60 minutes
- respiratory rate below 12
- unarousable
- falling asleep while talking
- prepare to take 2nd dose for narcan call HCP
-below 90% o2 saturation
Opioid killer effects
Low respiratory rate = respiratory depression
Low blood pressure = hypotension
Low brain = CNS sedation
Oxycodone
As scheduled , around the clock
Ketorolac
Toradol
NSAID , N is for
Naproxen
Fentanyl - side effects
Constipation
Fentanyl toxicity manifestations
- euphoria
- weakness
- headache
- constipation
- dizziness
- light headedness
- hypotension
Fentanyl use
- treating severe pain , typically in advanced cancer patients
Fentanyl considerations
Used w caution in elderly , monitor for adverse reactions , should not be used in opioid naiive clients
Codeine use
Take as prescribed
