Test 3B Flashcards
Practice of legislators becoming experts and taking leadership roles in specific policy eras.
Policy Entrepreneueship
Public works projects and grants for specific districts paid for by general revenues.
Pork-Barrel
Office seekers who base the decision to run on a rational calculation that they will be successful.
Strategic Politician
Permanent committees responsible for legislation in particular policy areas.
Standing Committee
A committee appointed to deal with an issue or problem not suited to a standing committee.
Select Committee
Combined House-Senate committees formed to coordinate activities and expedite legislation in a certain area.
Joint Committees
Temporary committees formed to reconcile differences in house and senate versions of a bill.
Conference Committees
A practice of unlimited debate in the Senate in order to prevent or delay the vote on a bill.
Filibuster
A vote to end a Senate filibuster; requires a three fifths majority or 60 votes.
Cloture
The accumulation of power and authority in conjunction with the length of time spent in office.
Seniority System
The privilege of free mail services provided to members of congress.
Franking
Presidential authority to kill a bill submitted within ten days of the end of a legislative session by not signing it.
Pocket Veto
Clarifications of congressional policies issued by the president and having the full force of law.
Executive Orders
Presidential powers implied but not explicitly stated in the Constitution.
Inherent Power
A president’s authority to release or excuse a person from the legal penalties of crime.
Pardoning Power
The President signs a bill and interprets the bill the way he wants to.
Signing Statements
A president’s strategy of appealing to the public on an issue, expecting that public pressure will be brought to bear on other political actors.
Going Public
Collection of nine organizations that help the president with policy and political objectives.
Executive Office of the President
The approximately four hundred employees within the Executive Office of the President who work most closely and directly with the president.
White House Office
The predictable rise and fall of a president’s popularity at different stages of a term in office.
Cycle Effects
Political rule sit between two parties: one controlling the White House and the other controlling one or both houses of Congress.
Divided Government
