test 3 units 9-12 Flashcards
**School aged children will show the most dramatic increase in? A) jumping ability B) intelligence C) running speed D fine motor coordination
D
**A set of mental schemes, including reversibility, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and serial ordering, that enable children to understand relations among objects
concrete operation
**The understanding that both physical actions and mental operations can go not only forward, but also in the other direction
Reversibility
**A type of reasoning based on hypothetical premises that requires predicting a specific outcome from a general principle
Deductive logic
**The understanding that matter can change in appearance without changing in quantity
conservation
**Which of the following assumption based on these specific facts:
A) Sally makes the following assumption based on these specific facts: her friend’s parents live in a mansion and have servants working for them; therefore, her friends parents are wealthy
B) understanding that a rose is a flower and that flowers are plants
C) Thinking up examples that illustrate the concept of equality
D) Knowing how to take a general principle and predict a specific outcome
A
**In general, Robert Sternberg says IQ tests measure how
familiar a child is with “school” culture
Describe the sex difference in terms of overall rate of coordination and strength
girls have better coordination but are slower and weaker
Across middle childhood years, children learn how to:
maintain conversation, create sentences, & speak politely
**True or False
Personality assessment in middle childhood may be a useful way to identify factors that are associated with criminal behaviour on children
true
**affectionate, forgiving, generous, kind, sympathetic, trusting
aggreeableness
**efficient, organized, prudent, reliable, responsible
conscientiousness
**anxious, self-pitying, tense, unstable, touchy, worrying
emotional instability
or neuroticism
**artistic, curious, imaginative, insightful, original
openness / intellect
**Define the term psychological self
understanding of his/her enduring psychological characteristics
**Childrens "Who am I" responses become more\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ across middle childhood A) positive B) rigid C) focused on physical characteristics D) complex and comparative
D
**A global evaluation of ones worth is called A) self-perception B) self-esteem C) self-Concept D) self-evaluation maintenance
B
**Susan Harter suggests that self-esteem is influenced by the
A) discrepancy between who a child feels he ought to be and who he thinks he is
B) sum total of the assessments the child makes about his skills
C) addition of all the positive assessments minus the negative ones
D) relationships between physical abilities and cultural expectations
A
**Which of the following statements describing others is an example of behavioural comparison? A) she draws the best in our whole class B) He's a real stubborn boy C) She is mean D) He is so kind
A
**Which of the following statements describing others is an example of psychological construct?
A) Billy runs a lot faster than Jason
B) sarah is so kind
C) Judy draws the best in our whole class
D) Johnny cannot read as well as I can
B
**Connection between moral emotions (like guilt, shame and pride) and moral behaviour may depend on \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ development A) spiritual B) cognitive C) physical D) Social
B
From Freud’s perspective, what is the important thing from school aged children’s social behaviour?
middle childhood years challenge was to form emotional bonds with peers
Industry vs inferiority stage
4th of ericksons psychological stages, children develop a sense of their own competence through defined learning tasks
**Which of the following is NOT one of the suggestion for encouraging moral reasoning?
A) encourage children to base obedience on fear
B) Teach children about reciprocity
C) require children to give reason for what they want
D) Challenge children’s egocentrism
A
What is the key to self esteem?
The amount of discrepancy between what child desires & what child thinks he has achieved
**Physical aggression _______ across middle childhood in Canadian children
A) becomes even more common for girls
B) goes up dramatically for boys but down for girls
C) is directed more towards inanimate objects
D) becomes even less common
D
**The beginning of menstrual cycles
Menarche
**changes that include growth of the testes and penis in the male and of the ovaries, uterus and vagina in the female
primary SEX CHARACTERISTICS
**crucial in the formation of male genitals prenatally; also triggers characteristics at puberty in the male
testosterone
