Test #3- Translation

Question 1

What is the function, location and purpose of translation?

Answer 1

• converting genes to protein
• ribosomes
• synthesising proteins

Question 2

What does mRNA do?

Answer 2

messenger RNA–specifying amino acid sequence of proteins from DNA to ribosomes

Question 3

What dies tRNA do?

Answer 3

Transfer RNA–translated mRNA codons into amino acids

Question 4

What does rRNA do?

Answer 4

Ribosomal RNA– catalytic and structural roles in ribosomes

Question 5

what does the primary transcript do?

Answer 5

precursor to mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA

Question 6

What does snRNA do?

Answer 6

small nuclear RNA– complexes of proteins and RNA that splice pre-mRNA. Also plays structural and catalytic roles in Spliceosomes

Question 7

What is the Wobble theory?

Answer 7

that there are 64 codons but only 45 tRNA–possible that the last codon doesn’t need exact protein that it is for

Question 8

What are the sites of actions in ribosomes?

Answer 8

E-exit
P- peptidyl- tRNA binding site
A- amino acytl-tRNA binding site

Question 9

what are the 3 steps in Translation?

Answer 9

Start codon (MET)
adds a protein to P each time then it moves over to the left
the release factor binds to the A site

Question 10

What are the ends of RNA of a polypeptide?

Answer 10

NH2 (first formed)

COOH (last formed)

Question 11

How is the COOH end made?

Answer 11

the break down of water and the CO-

Question 12

What are 3 modifications to a functional protein?

Answer 12

1) protein folding
2) post translational modification
3) Signal peptide at N-terminus (NH2) like an address