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Dental materials > Test 3: Sealants, Fluoride, bleaching tray & mouth protector > Flashcards

Test 3: Sealants, Fluoride, bleaching tray & mouth protector Flashcards

1
Q

In what ways does topical fluoride work?

A
  1. inhibit demineralization
  2. enhance demineralization of incipient lesions
  3. inhibit bacterial activity by inhibiting enolase, an enzyme needed by bacteria to metabolize carbohydrates
  4. work as desensitizer (used to strenghten)
  5. inhibited erosion
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2
Q

Regular maintenance of mouth protector

A

Cleaned daily with tooth brush

store in a rigid container

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3
Q

When should you re-seal a material?

A

as soon as you’re finished

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4
Q

How is F12 taken into the body?

A

by the way of fluoridated water, dietary supplements, and small amounts of food (tea, fish and broccoli) small amounts from tooth paste and mouth rinses

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5
Q

How is F12 excreted?

A

through the kidneys

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6
Q

What is the optimal fluoride concentration?

A

0.7 (florida)-1.2 ppm (alaska) always answer 1ppm

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7
Q

Sealant self cure time

A

chemical reaction 2 minutes

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8
Q

where are sealants placed?

A

pits and fissures of posterior teeth

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9
Q

In office (Power Bleaching)

A

35-44% Carbamide peroxide
45-60 minutes
extremely sensitive to touch

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10
Q

surfaces that fluorides protect

A

smooth surface

buccal, lingual, labial facial

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11
Q

Types of stains

A

Extrinsic (outside of tooth from coffee, tea, berries or wine)

intrinsic(developmental, hereditary, trauma or illness)

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12
Q

Steps to fabricate a mouth protector:

A
  1. take impression of maxillary arch
  2. Pour in microstone
  3. trim hole in palate so the polyvinyl material form over teeth
  4. place cast in middle of platform of vaccum former
  5. place .080 material in metal frame
  6. turn heater on
  7. material will begin to sag when warm (about an inch)
  8. turn off heater lower metal frame over cast and turn vacuum on for matieral to conform to cast
  9. allow material to cool for a minute
  10. trim tray three eighths of an inch from facial and palate of cast
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13
Q

obstructive sleep apnea

A

a sleep disorder caused when the muscles that support the soft palate, uvula, and tongue relax the airway narrows or closes

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14
Q

How is sealant material filled?

A

Not as heavily as composite

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15
Q

Types of bleaching procedures

A
  1. In Office (power bleaching)
  2. Home bleaching
  3. Over the counter products
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16
Q

What type of gauge material is used for the fabrication of a bleaching tray?

A

0.040

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17
Q

Non vital bleaching

A

30-35% hydrogen peroxide

teeth have undergone a root canal

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18
Q

2 available means of fluoride:

A

systemically: by way of the circulation of developing teeth (eat and drink)
topically: directly to the exposed surfaces of erupted teeth (applied to teeth)

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19
Q

What is the mouth protector normally fabricated for?

A

Maxillary arch

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20
Q

Composition of sealant material

A

bis-GMA : A-glycidyl methacrylate

UDMA: Urethane dimethacrylate

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21
Q

What gauge is used to fabricate mouth protector?

A

.080

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22
Q

What happens when a sealant material does not contain organic fillers?

A

It will wear faster

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23
Q

How does sealant material show up on an x-ray?

A

radiopaque

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24
Q

Procedure for sealant:

A
  1. isolation: cotton roll or rubber dam
  2. pumice tooth with non-fluoridated paste occlusal plane
  3. rinse throughly-dry
  4. apply etchant, 60 seconds, chalky appearance
  5. rinse thoroughly for 30 seconds then dry
  6. apply sealant matieral in pits and fissures of occlusal plane (use exploited to move material in grooves)
  7. light cure for 30-60 seconds depending on brand of sealant material
  8. floss interpersonal space
  9. check occlusion
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25
indications for sealants
``` age caries risk detected diet fluoride history tooth type morphology of teeth ```
26
surfaces that sealants protect
chewing surface of tooth (occlusal)
27
Soft material
Thermoplastic sheets of poly(vinyl acetate)-polyethylene material
28
Where should you avoid placing sealant?
on adjacent unetched enmal. after the sealant is cured it will look sound, but leakage will occur under the unetched portion of the sealant. when the patient returns for the periodic oral examination there will be dark staining under the sealant in those areas and the leakage may lead to development of caries
29
sealant light cure:
light activation 20 seconds
30
Color and wear of sealant
Clear, amber, tooth color, opaque, white, pink
31
What can result in failure of the sealant?
any moisture to the tooth
32
Restorative considerations of bleaching
Have all cavities restored or restorations restored composite restorations will not lighten like tooth structure
33
Bleaching Contradictions
Allergies | sensitive teeth
34
Over the counter products
whitening strips paint on whitening strips whitening gels applied in stock rinses
35
Steps in fabrication of bleaching tray
1. take impression of max. and mand. arch 2. pour in microstone 3. trim hole in palate of casts so polyvinyl matieral forms over teeth 4. apply light cured block out resin (cure for 10 seconds) to facial surfaces of teeth to be bleached or can be placed in triad for one minute 5. place cast in middle of platform of vaccum former 6. place .040 material in metal frame 7. turn heater on 8. material will begin to sag when warm (about an inch) 9. turn off heater, lower metal frame over cast and turn vacuum on for matieral to conform to the cast 10. allow for cool one minute 11. trim tray so it extends over teeth just to the gingival crest. it should have scalloped appearance as it traces the outline of the gingival crest
36
power whitening
in-office whitening procedure that uses strong whitening agents and a high intensity light source to accelerate the whitening process
37
How is F12 absorbed?
From the stomach as hydrogen fluoride. Absorbed within 60 | minutes
38
Hard material
Acrylic (methyl methacrylate resin & monomer)
39
Potential side effects of bleaching
Sensitivity of teeth & upper mucosa gingiva irritations
40
Purpose of mouth protectors
Support and protect teeth as we as supporting structures injury increases 1.5-2x when not worn
41
sealant working time of LED/laser light
much quicker
42
walking bleach technique
whitening technique for non vital teeth in which whitening materials are sealed inside the tooth crown for a few days and the patient "walks" around with the whitening material in place
43
Type of materials used to fabricate mouth protectors
Hard soft hard & soft
44
what percent of caries are in primary teeth of pits and fissures?
44%
45
Where is fluoride most found?
Pesticides
46
Enamel microabrasion
process that uses hydrochloride acid and abrasive such as pumice to remove shallow discoloration of the enamel
47
Microabrassion of bleaching
Pumice tooth slurry mix of flower, pumice, 6% hydrochloric acid apply 1 minute remove with rubber cut 1-2 times
48
What is the most commonly used whitening material?
Hydrogen Peroxide | Carbamide Peroxide
49
sealant
protective resin that is bonded to enamel to protect pits and fissures from dental caries
50
Other mouth protector appliances
sleep apnea space maintainer invisalign
51
What is the most effective method for dental caries prevention and control?
Fluoride
52
What months should pregnant women have fluoride?
4-5-6 months
53
Where is a deal required for all internal whitening procedures?
at the base of the endodontjc access preparation just coronal to the level of the gingival attachment to the tooth
54
What are the most common sites where sealants are lost in the first six months?
Maxillary and mandibular second molars because isolation is difficult to maintain
55
Mouth guard
an appliance made of hard or pliable material that protects teeth from trauma during sports activities or from grinding of teeth
56
Types of Mouth Protectors
Stock (sports store $25) Boil & bite (Variety stores $50/flexible and thermoplastic) Custom (preferred)
57
Extrinsic Stain
Stains occurring on the tooth surface | outside of tooth
58
What is critical to the success of sealants?
Maintaining good isolation
59
What are sealants?
unfilled or lightly filled resin used to seal noncarious pits/fissures of deciduous & permanent teeth
60
How does bleaching work?
Hydrogen peroxide or other material passes thru spaces in the enamel, reaches the dentin, releases oxygen free radicals that oxidize the stains and lighten the color of dentin
61
What stains are easier to whiten?
Yellow & light stains are easier to whiten over black or blue gray
62
What can you do to prevent loss of volatile monomers that would create a very viscous liquid that cannot penetrate fissures and etched enamel?
recap sealant and bonding agent bottles promptly
63
To avoid etching adjacent teeth or restorations what should you do?
Place with care. matrix strips could be placed between adjacent teeth
64
Bleaching Re-treatment
Don't do it too soon | wait 1-3 years
65
molars decay how many times more than premolars?
3-4x
66
Home bleaching
10-35% carbamide peroxide Follow up 2-3 weeks to see if working use a shade guide to compare changes
67
Who was fluoridation named by?
U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as one of the most 10 important public health measures of the 20th century
68
Hard & soft
laminates of hard and soft thermoplastic materials
69
custom fit
made specifically to fit one individual
70
Why do patients like to bleach their teeth?
Appearance purposes
71
Intrinsic Stain
Stains that are incorporated into the tooth structure, usually during the tooths development

Dental materials (3 decks)

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