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Dental materials > Test 3: Sealants, Fluoride, bleaching tray & mouth protector > Flashcards

Test 3: Sealants, Fluoride, bleaching tray & mouth protector Flashcards

1
Q

In what ways does topical fluoride work?

A
  1. inhibit demineralization
  2. enhance demineralization of incipient lesions
  3. inhibit bacterial activity by inhibiting enolase, an enzyme needed by bacteria to metabolize carbohydrates
  4. work as desensitizer (used to strenghten)
  5. inhibited erosion
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2
Q

Regular maintenance of mouth protector

A

Cleaned daily with tooth brush

store in a rigid container

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3
Q

When should you re-seal a material?

A

as soon as you’re finished

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4
Q

How is F12 taken into the body?

A

by the way of fluoridated water, dietary supplements, and small amounts of food (tea, fish and broccoli) small amounts from tooth paste and mouth rinses

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5
Q

How is F12 excreted?

A

through the kidneys

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6
Q

What is the optimal fluoride concentration?

A

0.7 (florida)-1.2 ppm (alaska) always answer 1ppm

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7
Q

Sealant self cure time

A

chemical reaction 2 minutes

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8
Q

where are sealants placed?

A

pits and fissures of posterior teeth

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9
Q

In office (Power Bleaching)

A

35-44% Carbamide peroxide
45-60 minutes
extremely sensitive to touch

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10
Q

surfaces that fluorides protect

A

smooth surface

buccal, lingual, labial facial

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11
Q

Types of stains

A

Extrinsic (outside of tooth from coffee, tea, berries or wine)

intrinsic(developmental, hereditary, trauma or illness)

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12
Q

Steps to fabricate a mouth protector:

A
  1. take impression of maxillary arch
  2. Pour in microstone
  3. trim hole in palate so the polyvinyl material form over teeth
  4. place cast in middle of platform of vaccum former
  5. place .080 material in metal frame
  6. turn heater on
  7. material will begin to sag when warm (about an inch)
  8. turn off heater lower metal frame over cast and turn vacuum on for matieral to conform to cast
  9. allow material to cool for a minute
  10. trim tray three eighths of an inch from facial and palate of cast
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13
Q

obstructive sleep apnea

A

a sleep disorder caused when the muscles that support the soft palate, uvula, and tongue relax the airway narrows or closes

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14
Q

How is sealant material filled?

A

Not as heavily as composite

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15
Q

Types of bleaching procedures

A
  1. In Office (power bleaching)
  2. Home bleaching
  3. Over the counter products
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16
Q

What type of gauge material is used for the fabrication of a bleaching tray?

A

0.040

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17
Q

Non vital bleaching

A

30-35% hydrogen peroxide

teeth have undergone a root canal

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18
Q

2 available means of fluoride:

A

systemically: by way of the circulation of developing teeth (eat and drink)
topically: directly to the exposed surfaces of erupted teeth (applied to teeth)

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19
Q

What is the mouth protector normally fabricated for?

A

Maxillary arch

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20
Q

Composition of sealant material

A

bis-GMA : A-glycidyl methacrylate

UDMA: Urethane dimethacrylate

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21
Q

What gauge is used to fabricate mouth protector?

A

.080

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22
Q

What happens when a sealant material does not contain organic fillers?

A

It will wear faster

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23
Q

How does sealant material show up on an x-ray?

A

radiopaque

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24
Q

Procedure for sealant:

A
  1. isolation: cotton roll or rubber dam
  2. pumice tooth with non-fluoridated paste occlusal plane
  3. rinse throughly-dry
  4. apply etchant, 60 seconds, chalky appearance
  5. rinse thoroughly for 30 seconds then dry
  6. apply sealant matieral in pits and fissures of occlusal plane (use exploited to move material in grooves)
  7. light cure for 30-60 seconds depending on brand of sealant material
  8. floss interpersonal space
  9. check occlusion
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25
Q

indications for sealants

A 
age
caries risk detected
diet
fluoride history
tooth type
morphology of teeth
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26
Q

surfaces that sealants protect

A

chewing surface of tooth (occlusal)

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27
Q

Soft material

A

Thermoplastic sheets of poly(vinyl acetate)-polyethylene material

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28
Q

Where should you avoid placing sealant?

A

on adjacent unetched enmal. after the sealant is cured it will look sound, but leakage will occur under the unetched portion of the sealant. when the patient returns for the periodic oral examination there will be dark staining under the sealant in those areas and the leakage may lead to development of caries

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29
Q

sealant light cure:

A

light activation 20 seconds

30
Q

Color and wear of sealant

A

Clear, amber, tooth color, opaque, white, pink

31
Q

What can result in failure of the sealant?

A

any moisture to the tooth

32
Q

Restorative considerations of bleaching

A

Have all cavities restored or restorations restored

composite restorations will not lighten like tooth structure

33
Q

Bleaching Contradictions

A

Allergies

sensitive teeth

34
Q

Over the counter products

A

whitening strips
paint on whitening strips
whitening gels applied in stock
rinses

35
Q

Steps in fabrication of bleaching tray

A
  1. take impression of max. and mand. arch
  2. pour in microstone
  3. trim hole in palate of casts so polyvinyl matieral forms over teeth
  4. apply light cured block out resin (cure for 10 seconds) to facial surfaces of teeth to be bleached or can be placed in triad for one minute
  5. place cast in middle of platform of vaccum former
  6. place .040 material in metal frame
  7. turn heater on
  8. material will begin to sag when warm (about an inch)
  9. turn off heater, lower metal frame over cast and turn vacuum on for matieral to conform to the cast
  10. allow for cool one minute
  11. trim tray so it extends over teeth just to the gingival crest. it should have scalloped appearance as it traces the outline of the gingival crest
36
Q

power whitening

A

in-office whitening procedure that uses strong whitening agents and a high intensity light source to accelerate the whitening process

37
Q

How is F12 absorbed?

A

From the stomach as hydrogen fluoride. Absorbed within 60

minutes

38
Q

Hard material

A

Acrylic (methyl methacrylate resin & monomer)

39
Q

Potential side effects of bleaching

A

Sensitivity of teeth & upper mucosa

gingiva irritations

40
Q

Purpose of mouth protectors

A

Support and protect teeth as we as supporting structures

injury increases 1.5-2x when not worn

41
Q

sealant working time of LED/laser light

A

much quicker

42
Q

walking bleach technique

A

whitening technique for non vital teeth in which whitening materials are sealed inside the tooth crown for a few days and the patient “walks” around with the whitening material in place

43
Q

Type of materials used to fabricate mouth protectors

A

Hard
soft
hard & soft

44
Q

what percent of caries are in primary teeth of pits and fissures?

A

44%

45
Q

Where is fluoride most found?

A

Pesticides

46
Q

Enamel microabrasion

A

process that uses hydrochloride acid and abrasive such as pumice to remove shallow discoloration of the enamel

47
Q

Microabrassion of bleaching

A

Pumice tooth
slurry mix of flower, pumice, 6% hydrochloric acid
apply 1 minute
remove with rubber cut 1-2 times

48
Q

What is the most commonly used whitening material?

A

Hydrogen Peroxide

Carbamide Peroxide

49
Q

sealant

A

protective resin that is bonded to enamel to protect pits and fissures from dental caries

50
Q

Other mouth protector appliances

A

sleep apnea
space maintainer
invisalign

51
Q

What is the most effective method for dental caries prevention and control?

A

Fluoride

52
Q

What months should pregnant women have fluoride?

A

4-5-6 months

53
Q

Where is a deal required for all internal whitening procedures?

A

at the base of the endodontjc access preparation just coronal to the level of the gingival attachment to the tooth

54
Q

What are the most common sites where sealants are lost in the first six months?

A

Maxillary and mandibular second molars because isolation is difficult to maintain

55
Q

Mouth guard

A

an appliance made of hard or pliable material that protects teeth from trauma during sports activities or from grinding of teeth

56
Q

Types of Mouth Protectors

A

Stock (sports store $25)
Boil & bite (Variety stores $50/flexible and thermoplastic)
Custom (preferred)

57
Q

Extrinsic Stain

A

Stains occurring on the tooth surface

outside of tooth

58
Q

What is critical to the success of sealants?

A

Maintaining good isolation

59
Q

What are sealants?

A

unfilled or lightly filled resin used to seal noncarious pits/fissures of deciduous & permanent teeth

60
Q

How does bleaching work?

A

Hydrogen peroxide or other material passes thru spaces in the enamel, reaches the dentin, releases oxygen free radicals that oxidize the stains and lighten the color of dentin

61
Q

What stains are easier to whiten?

A

Yellow & light stains are easier to whiten over black or blue gray

62
Q

What can you do to prevent loss of volatile monomers that would create a very viscous liquid that cannot penetrate fissures and etched enamel?

A

recap sealant and bonding agent bottles promptly

63
Q

To avoid etching adjacent teeth or restorations what should you do?

A

Place with care. matrix strips could be placed between adjacent teeth

64
Q

Bleaching Re-treatment

A

Don’t do it too soon

wait 1-3 years

65
Q

molars decay how many times more than premolars?

A

3-4x

66
Q

Home bleaching

A

10-35% carbamide peroxide
Follow up 2-3 weeks to see if working
use a shade guide to compare changes

67
Q

Who was fluoridation named by?

A

U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as one of the most 10 important public health measures of the 20th century

68
Q

Hard & soft

A

laminates of hard and soft thermoplastic materials

69
Q

custom fit

A

made specifically to fit one individual

70
Q

Why do patients like to bleach their teeth?

A

Appearance purposes

71
Q

Intrinsic Stain

A

Stains that are incorporated into the tooth structure, usually during the tooths development

Dental materials (3 decks)

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