Test 3 - Quarter 1

Question 1

Lexington & Concord:

Answer 1

British attempt to destroy the stockpile of weapons at Lexington ; initial clash at Lexington, stopped at Concord, harassed back to Boston

Question 2

Battle of Bunker Hill:

Answer 2

Patriots have Bunker and Breeds Hills
British attack 3 times and win, but retreat, shows initial strength
Colonet Prescott says, “ Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes!”

Question 3

Battle of Long Island:

Answer 3

Battle where the British attacked George Washington and the Patriots while in Long Island. Patriots are forced to retreat, and Britain gains control of Long Island

Question 4

Battle of Trenton:

Answer 4

Christmas Day
George Washington crossed the Delaware River, he needed a win (enlistments were almost up, so he needed a moral boost) (many of the troops at Trenton were Germans.
They win, and attack nearby Princeton as well

Question 5

Battle of Saratoga:

Answer 5

British move troops from Canada and New York
Take 2 long, Patriots attack them by surprise, they win
Burgoyne VS Benedict Arnold and Horatio Gates

Question 6

Battle of Fort Ticonderoga:

Answer 6

Ethan Allen and GMB take Fort Ticonderoga gain artillery and ammunition

Question 7

Battle of Serapis:

Answer 7

John Paul Jones (Bonhomne Richard) vs British (HMS Serapis)
Serapis is a 50 gunned ship.
British tell JPJ to surrender
JPJ wins, says his quote.

Question 8

Battle of Charleston:

Answer 8

1.5 month war ; WORST defeat for the Patriots
they lose Charleston and 10,000 men 😭

Question 9

Battle of Cowpens:

Answer 9

Daniel Morgan VS Banastre Tarleton
Humiliating loss for the British
British killed or surrendered = 50%

Question 10

Battle of Yorktown:

Answer 10

THE LAST BATTLE OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR!
3 way blockade at Yorktown.
George Washington blocks retreat from the North and East
Marquis de Layfayette blocks retreat from the South and west
French fleet blocks escape by sea

Question 11

Who is famous for calling King George II “a royal brute”?

Answer 11

Thomas Paine

Question 12

Who is famous for saying, “don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes”?

Answer 12

Colonel Prescott

Question 13

What is the name of the ship that John Paul Jones captures?

Answer 13

(HMS) Serapis.

Question 14

Who is famous for saying “I have not yet begun to fight”?

Answer 14

John Paul Jones

Question 15

After what battle do the British gain control of New York?

Answer 15

Battle of Long Island

Question 16

What do the Patriots damage after the Battle of Trenton?

Answer 16

nearby Princeton

Question 17

What fort did Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain Boys capture?

Answer 17

Fort Ticonderoga

Question 18

Why is the Battle of Saratoga important?

Answer 18

Wins US French support for the war

Question 19

What three things happen to trap General Cornwallis at Yorktown?

Answer 19

George Washington blocks retreat from the North and East
Marquis de Layfayette blocks retreat from the South and west
French blocks escape by sea

Question 20

What are the two critically important parts of the treaty that ended the American Revolutionary War?

Answer 20

British recognize the US as free and independent
outlining boundaries allows for western expansion

Question 21

How many delegates were at the Constitutional Convention? How many states were at the Constitutional Convention?

Answer 21

55 delegates ; 12 states

Question 22

Who is the President of the Constitutional Convention?

Answer 22

George Washington

Question 23

Who is the steadying influence on the Constitutional Convention?

Answer 23

Ben Franklin

Question 24

Who introduced the New Jersey Plan to the Constitutional Convention?

Answer 24

William Patterson

Question 25

What type of states did the New Jersey plan favor?

Answer 25

Small states.

Question 26

Under the New Jersey plan, how would representation in government be decided?

Answer 26

Equality

Question 27

Who introduced the Virginia Plan to the Constitutional Convention?

Answer 27

Edmund Randolph.

Question 28

What type of states did the Virginia plan favor? Why?

Answer 28

Largely populated states.
1) president and courts chosen by legislator
2) representation based on ppl
3) more people=higher pop —>more influence on the government

Question 29

Under the Virginia Plan, how would representation in government be decided?

Answer 29

President and courts chosen by legislator
Representation based off of ppl
More ppl—> higher pop—>mote influence in gov.

Question 30

What was the title of the plan that combined the New Jersey and Virginia plans?

Answer 30

The Great Compromise

Question 31

Under the Commerce Compromise, all commerce bills had to be passed by what?

Answer 31

simple majority

Question 32

What 2 specific influential people who were absent from the Constitutional Convention?

Answer 32

Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson

Question 33

What is the definition of “Constitution”?

Answer 33

The new rules for government

Question 34

What is the term we use to describe the House of Representatives and the Senate together?

Answer 34

bicameral

Question 35

Under the Three Fifths Compromise, 3/5 of all slaves count toward what two things?

Answer 35

Representation
Taxation

Question 36

Explain why states like Virginia would want representation in the Government to be based on population?

Answer 36

They have a large population
larger population = more votes = more influence

Question 37

Explain why states like New Jersey would want representation in the Government to be based on equality?

Answer 37

They have a small population
if every state has 2 senators, everyone is equally represented

Question 38

Where did James Madison say that sovereignty rested in government (who really holds the power)?

Answer 38

the people

Question 39

What does the word bicameral mean?

Answer 39

two house legislature

Question 40

Who said that “the losses we have sustained are more than we can bear”?

Answer 40

General Gage at the Battle of Cowpens

Question 41

What are the parts of the Commerce Compromise?

Answer 41

Tax on Exports
To pass commerce bills you needed a simple majority.
Northern Industrial States wanted Federal tariffs

Question 42

What are 2 reasons that Northern States wanted Federal Tariffs?

Answer 42

to keep out cheaper European goods
raise revenues for the government

Question 43

Why was the promise of a Bill of Rights added to the Constitution?

Answer 43

Because it helped to persuade opponents to ratify it