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US History Midterm Review 2024 > Test 1 - Quarter 2 > Flashcards

Test 1 - Quarter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is defined as “a tax on something manufactured within a country”?

A

Excise Tax

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2
Q

The power to “Interpret the Law” belongs to what branch of the US Government?

A

Judical

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3
Q

What did the framers (creators) of the Constitution promise to make, in order to help persuade opponents to approve the Constitution?

A

The Bill of Rights

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4
Q

How long are Representatives to the House of Representatives elected for?

A

2 years

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5
Q

What is defined as “a tax on foreign goods imported into a country”?

A

Tariff

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6
Q

How long are Senators elected for?

A

6 years

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7
Q

The power to “make laws” belongs to what branch of the US Government?

A

Legislative

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8
Q

What are the names for the 3 branches of the US Government?

A

Legislative
Executive
Judical

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9
Q

What are the two houses of the US Legislature?

A

House of Representatives
Senate

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10
Q

How many senators are there for each state?

A

2

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11
Q

Who has to collaborate to choose Supreme Court Justices?

A

The President and the Senate.

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12
Q

What branch of the US Government has members who serve “life terms”?

A

Judical.

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13
Q

What does the Executive Branch do?

A

enforces the laws

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14
Q

What does the Legislative Branch do?

A

makes the laws

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15
Q

What does the Judicial Branch do?

A

Interprets the laws

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16
Q

The basis for the principle of Popular Sovereignty is found in what 2 places?

A

The Preamble of the Constitution
The Declaration of Independence

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17
Q

The new government formed by the Constitution was based on how many important principles?

A

7

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18
Q

Republicanism is also known as what?

A

Representative Democracy

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19
Q

What is the date that the Constitution was ratified (passed)?

A

September the 17th, 1787

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20
Q

In a “federal government”, power is shared between what two authorities?

A

The National and the States

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21
Q

What is representation based on in the House of Representatives?

A

Population

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22
Q

If the Electoral College fails to produce a majority, who chooses the President of the United States?

A

The House of Representatives

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23
Q

According to the Constitution, whose responsibility is it to “nominate” new judges to the Federal Supreme Court?

A

The President

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24
Q

According to the Constitution, whose responsibility is it to “confirm” new judges to the Federal Supreme Court?

A

The Senate

25
Q

The Constitution calls for the creation of the Judicial Branch, but the details of the court is left up to whom?

A

Congress

26
Q

After the ratification of the Constitution, the new government needed to money to run the government, how did the government go about raising the money it needed?

A

Exercising its Constitutional Right to tax its citizens

27
Q

What are the 3 reasons that whiskey was of critical importance to frontier economy?

A

currency
one of the only goods that could be made and transported to the market without spoiling
traditional beverage

28
Q

Why is Washington determined to crush the Whiskey Rebellion?

A

To demonstrate the power of government.

29
Q

How big is the army that Washington raises to put down the rebellion in Western Pennsylvania?

A

12,000

30
Q

Who helped to establish the policy of Judicial review in the court case Marbury vs. Madison?

A

John Marshall.

31
Q

Who wrote, “Power should check power”?

A

Baron de Montesquieu

32
Q

What ensures that the branches of the US Government work together fairly?

A

limited government.

33
Q

What did the framers of the constitution purposefully do to prevent the abuse of power in government?

A

The Seperation of Powers.

34
Q

Why were Americans in 1787 concerned about having a powerful national government/power president?

A

They don’t want the President to act like a monarch.

35
Q

What does limited government ensure individuals and groups cannot do?

A

Avoid the law.

36
Q

Direct Democracy:

A

a democracy where the people make the rules

37
Q

Checks:

A

the ability to check the branches and stop then in certain ways

38
Q

Balances:

A

able to check “checks”

39
Q

Popular Sovereignty:

A

government’s ability and power come from the ppl and reflect the ppl’s will

40
Q

Excise Tax:

A

a tax on goods made within a country

41
Q

Tariff:

A

a tax on goods imported into the country

42
Q

Judicial Review:

A

the ability to review laws and declare them unconstitutional if necessary

43
Q

Federalism:

A

a system of government that says that powers are divided into a central government and smaller less powerful units → (states)

44
Q

Delegated Powers:

A

Powers of government delegated to the federal (national) government

45
Q

Reserved Powers

A

Powers of government reserved to the regional (state) governments

46
Q

Concurrent Powers:

A

Powers of government that both the state and national governments have

47
Q

Separation of Powers:

A

division of basic government roles divided into branches

48
Q

Limited Government:

A

the rules that state that everyone, including government officials, have to abide the law

49
Q

The Bill of Rights:

A

the first 10 Amendments of the Constitution

50
Q

What are the 7 principals that are the basis of the Constitution?

A

popular sovereignty
federalism
republicanism
limited government
individual rights
checks and balances
separation of powers

51
Q

What is the definition of Civics?

A

the study of the rights and duties of citizens

52
Q

The concept of citizenship dates back more than 2500 years to what two civilizations?

A

Ancient Greece and Rome

53
Q

In Ancient Greece and Rome what portion of the population were allowed to vote?

A

Men with property.

54
Q

What is the definition of Citizens?

A

People have certain rights and duties.

55
Q

Citizens of a particular area all share what three “common” things?

A

values
customs
history

56
Q

What is the definition of Government?

A

the ruling authority of a community

57
Q

Who famously said, “without government life would be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short”?

A

Thomas Hobbs

58
Q

What are the 5 Benefits of Government to Citizens?

A

keep order
settle conflicts
protect the community
provide things for ppl who can’t afford it
guide the community and plan for future

59
Q

. What is the FDA? What does the FDA do?

A

The Food and Drug Administration.
They regulate foods and make sure that they are safe for us to consume.

US History Midterm Review 2024 (7 decks)

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