Test 3 - Pathologies/Indications Flashcards
Compressions fracture
occurs when a vertebra in the spine collapses due to excessive pressure, often caused by osteoporosis, trauma, or tumors.
Chance fracture
- seatbelt fracture
- spinal injury that typically occurs in the thoracolumbar junctions (T12-L2)
- results from excessive flexion of the spine.
- seen from motor vehicle collisions
metastases
The spread of cancer cells from the place where they first formed to another part of the body
Jefferson fracture
fracture to anterior and posterior arches of C1
- a break in the C1 vertebra that occurs when the head is impacted from the front
Odontoid fracture
when you dontoid/dens is fractured
Hangman’s fracture
a bilateral fracture of the pedicles (pars interarticularis) the C2 that causes traumatic spondylolisthesis of C2 on C3.
- associated whit those who try to hang themselves
- due to hyperextension
clay shovlers fracture
a break in the spinous process of a vertebra in the upper or lower spine
- can happen due to an evulsion fracture
subluxation of facets
the mildest form of facet dislocation in which the ligamentous injury leads to partial uncovering of a facet joint
- seperation of facet joints
Degenerative disk disease (DDD)
what happens when your spinal disks begin to wear down, leading to neck and back pain.
spina bifida
a condition that occurs when the spine and spinal cord don’t form properly.
- a type of neutral tube defect
herniated disk
when the nucleus pulposus protrudes throught the annulus fibrosis into the spinal canal
- also known as slipped disc
Sondylolysis
a fracture through the pars interarticularis of the lumbar vertabrae
- column remains in tact
- scotty dog
spondylolisthesis
happens when a vertebral body falls out of alignment and pushes on the vertebra below it
- a defect in the interarticularis
causes forward slippage of vertebral body
ankylosing spondylitis
inflammation of the lumbar spine
- called bamboo spine
- can cause vertebral fusion
