Test 2 - Abdomen Flashcards
always want to include __ in abdomen image
diaphragm
Acessory organ
pancreas, liver, gallbladder
Urinary syst. organs
kidneys, ureter, bladder
What holds all the organs in place
Parietal - covers wall
Visceral - covers organs
Mesentery
double fold
attaches to the stomach, small intestine, pancreas, spleen, and other organs to the posterior wall of the abdomen
Omentum
- “Fatty apron”
greater - transverse colon to greater curvature of stomach
lesser - liver to lesser curvature of stomach
Mesocolon
attaches colon to posterior abdominal wall
Retroperitoneal structures
kidneys, adrenals, ureters, pancreas, duodenum, ascending and descending colon, Aorta and inferior vena cava, upper rectum
Infraperitoneal structures
lower rectum, bladder, reproductive organs
RUQ
Right flexure, liver, gallblader, transverse colon, right arenal gland, head of pancreas, right kidney
LUQ
tail of pancreas, stomach, spleen, left kidney, left adrenal gland, left splenic flexure
RLQ
apendix, cecum, ileum
LLQ
descending colon, sigmoid colon, most of jejunum
Hypersthenic
broad, deep; transverse colon high
Sthenic
Average
J-shaped stomach
splenic flexure high
Asthenic/hyposthenic
slender, narrow
low diaphragm and stomach
Indications for acute abdomen
Ascites (lots of fluid in abdomen)
Perforation (air in perotenium)
Bowel obstruction
Intra-abdonimal masses
Post surgery
Indication for acute abdomen - mechanical
fibrous adhesions, Chron’s, intussusception, volvulus (twist in the bowel)
Indication for acute abdomen - non-mechanical
Ileus, ulcerative colitis
QEII routine abdomen
Erect or decubitus, supine (If KUB, supine only)
erect abdomen
IR - 35x43
kV - 80
mAs - 25-40
SID - 100cm
Suspended expiration
CP: 5cm above iliac crest
3 cells AEC
Grid
Markers - L/R and ERECT
Erect abdomen structures shown
air filled stomach and loops of bowel
Air/fluid levels
diaphragm
Left lateral decubitus abdomen
IR - 35x43
kV- 80
mAs - 25-40
Grid
Filter is pt. is known to have lots of air
SID - 100cm
CP - 5cm above crest
suspended expiration
markers - L/R Decubitus/Side-up
decubitus abdomen position
lay on left side, arms rised, build patient up, knees flexed, no pelvic or shoulder rotation
decubitus abdomen structures shown
air filled sotmach and loops of bowel
air/fluid levels
diaphragm
Supine abdomen (KUB)
IR - 35x43
kV - 80
Grid
SID - 100cm
suspended expiration
3 AEC cells
CP - iliac crest
Markers - L/R and SUPINE
KUB structures shown
outline of liver, kidneys, air-filled stomach and bowel, arch of aymphysis pubis
