Test 3 Neurological Disorder Shi Flashcards
Manifestations of seizures
Aura
Jerking, stiffness, twitching
Confusion, staring spells
Postictal phase: Fatigue, confusion, headache
What diagnostic studies are used in seizures?
EEG
MRI/ CT
Blood Tests
Lubar puncture (if infection is suspected)
Acute seizure management
Protect airway
Maintain safety
Administer antiseizure med like lorazepam or phenytoin
What is multiple sclerosis?
Demyelination of CNS
Symptoms of multiple slcerosis
Fatigue
Weakness
Numbness: Feelings of pins and needles
Difficulty in coordination
Loss of balance
Pain
Visual disturbances: Vision loss, double vison
What is myasthenia gravis?
Autoimmune disorder effecting myoneural junction
Antibodies directed at acetylcholine at the myoneural junction impair transmission impulses
Manifestations of myasthenia gravis
Ocular muscles; diplopia and ptosis
Weakness of facial muscles, swallowing and voice imapirment
How is myasthenia gravis treated?
Anticholinesterase medications and immunosuppressive therapy
IV immune globulin
Thyectomy
Therapeutic plasma exchange
What’s the difference between Myasthenic Crisis and Cholinergic Crisis?
Myasthenic: Caused by result of disease exacerbation
Cholinergic crisis: Caused by overmedication with cholinesterase inhibitors
True or false: Myasthenic and Cholinergic crisis are very similar?
TRUEEEE
treated the same way too
How do we treat myasthenic and cholinergic crisis?
Adequate ventilation ; intubation and mechanical ventilation may be needed
ABG’s
Electrolytes
IO and daily weight
If pt cannot swallow then NG feeding
AVOID sedatives and tranquilizers
What is Parkinson Disease?
Slow progressive neurologic movement disorder
Decreased dopamine levels
Manifestations of Parkinson’s Disease
Tremor
Bradykinesia (shuffling gait)
Sweating
Droling
Ortho Hypo
Dysphasia
How do you manage Parkinson’s disease?
Levadopa
Aspiration prevention: Slow chewing
Injury prevention
Small, frequent meals
True or false: Huntington Disease has a cure?
q
Huntington has NOO CURE
Signs of huntington disease?
Memory loss
Depth perception
Hard to reason with
Choreic movements
Bradykinesia
Loss of coordination
Choreic movements
ALS risks and signs
Lose ability to control diaphragm and breathe
Weakness starts in muscles and cranial nerves
Difficulty talking and swallowing
NO CURE
Classifications of seizures
Focal: Originates in 1 hemisphere
Generalized: Occur and Engage Bilaterally
Unkown: Epilepsy spasms
Provoked: Related to accute, reversible condition
Early stage of huntingtons symptoms
Mild fidgeting
Dysarthria
Balance problems
Facial twitching
Short term memory deficits
Later stage of huntingtons symptoms
Severe chorea (involuntary, irregular movements)
Rigidity
Dysphagia
SPeech loss
Inability to ambulate
Exhaustion
How do we manage huntington’s disease?
Monitor swallowing ability
Provide high calorie, nutrient dense food
Use soft, thickened liquids or pureed foods
