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psyc > test 3 - intellegence > Flashcards

test 3 - intellegence Flashcards

1
Q

Psychological tests

A

a standardized measure of a sample of behaviour

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2
Q

2 types of Psychological tests

A
  1. Personality tests
  2. Mental ability tests
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3
Q

Types of Mental ability tests

A

Intelligence tests
- assess intellectual potential
Aptitudes tests
- measure the potential for specific types of skills
- designed to predict previous learning (tests in
school)
Achievement tests`
- measure previous learning (tests in school)

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4
Q

Intelligence

A

mental potential to learn from experience, solve problems, & use knowledge to adapt to a new situation

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5
Q

Galton (1884) believed that what?

A

that IQ could be measured by sensory acuity, reaction-time, muscle power

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6
Q

IQ to Galton was superior what?

A

sensory acuity & physical attributes

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7
Q

Binet noticed that performance was age-dependent so distinguished between:

A

Chronological Age (CA) – actual age

Mental Age (MA) – performance on a test expressed in years, compared to typical performance at that age-

  • Ex.- 7yr old who performs like 9yr old has CA=7 &
    MA=9
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8
Q

Intelligence Quotient (IQ) =?

A

MA/CA x 100

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9
Q

Wechsler’s deviation IQ score compares what

A

compares a score to the scores of other people in the same age group

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10
Q

Wechsler’s deviation IQ score average performance for a given group is set to a what?

A

set at 100

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11
Q

What does Wechsler’s deviation IQ score determine

A

determines how far a persons score deviates from the mean score
- the deviation score tells you where that person falls in the normal distribution
- this is possible because of the normal distribution

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12
Q

Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory

A
  1. Analytic Intelligence (“book smarts”)
  2. Creative Intelligence
  3. Practical Intelligence (“street smarts”)
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13
Q

Analytic Intelligence (“book smarts”)

A
  • assessed by traditional IQ tests
  • requires convergent thinking
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14
Q

Creative Intelligence

A
  • ability to generate new, unique ideas; inventive (requires divergent thinking
  • divergent thinking required for creativity - have a problem to solve and there are a variety of different options
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15
Q

Practical Intelligence

A
  • dealing effectively with practical problems/tasks encountered in everyday life
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16
Q

Gardner’s 8 intelligences

A
  1. logical-mathematical
  2. linguistic
  3. musical
  4. spatial
  5. bodily-kinesthetic.
  6. interpersonal
  7. intrapersonal
  8. naturalistic
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17
Q

The rationality quotient

A
  • intelligence is the not the same thing for ones quotient of rationality
  • the og IQ tests didn’t test rationality
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18
Q

Emotional intelligence (type of social IQ)

A

the ability to understand the social situation (reading the room)

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19
Q

Emotional intelligence 4 basic abilities:

A
  1. Perceiving emotions
  2. Understanding emotions
  3. Managing emotions

4.Using emotions

20
Q

Perceiving emotions

A

recognizing emotions in yourself and others; reading facial expressions involves self awareness

21
Q

Understanding emotions

A

know what causes them and how they affect behavior; ability to predict them

22
Q

Managing emotions

A

know how to express emotions & control them in various situations

23
Q

Using emotions

A

using emotions to enhance thinking & promote personal growth & improve relationships

24
Q

Crystallized intelligence

A
  • knowledge that we accumulate
  • verbal ability
  • increases with age
25
Q

Fluid intelligence

A
  • the ability to process & recall quickly
  • being able to reason abstractly
26
Q

females are better at

A
  • verbal fluencing, better at recognizing emotions, better at spelling, more sensitive to things like colour and tatse, better at recalling the location of objects
27
Q

males are better at

A
  • complex problems,
28
Q

Standardization

A

to provide a set of standards or norms by which to judge what an individual score means

29
Q

Reliability

A
  • consistency in scores
30
Q

test-retest reliability

A
  • the same test is given to the same people at 2 different times
31
Q

test - retest with alternate forms

A

will be given the same test but ur using a different version

32
Q

split test reliability

A
  • to determine if all items are really measuring the same thing
33
Q

Validity

A
  • test measures what it’s intended to measure
34
Q

Content validity

A
  • test material logically represents what its intended to measure
35
Q

Predictive validity

A
  • when the test score can predict a particular behaviour
36
Q

IQ and Cultural Differences

A
  • people from varying cultures and economic backgrounds have an equal chance of doing well on the test
  • Some ethnic groups score lower even if the IQ test was designed to be culture-fair
  • Likely due to environmental rather than genetic factors
  • Reason - some groups are more likely raised in poverty and this disadvantage can affect IQ
  • Ex. Poorer nutrition and schools, fewer books, limited parental attention
37
Q

what are the 2 views of intelligence

A
  1. intelligence/IQ reflects a general capacity for reasoning and problem solving
    - Ex.- math, language, spatial task abilities come from one
    common “pool” of intelligence
  2. IQ is a set of individual abilities
    - Ex. -above-mentioned abilities come from different pools
38
Q

Factor analysis

A

determines whether questions on a test or across different tests are related to one another

39
Q

Family studies

A
  • access the influence of heredity on IQ by examining blood relatives & seeing how similar they are on IQ scores

IF

  • closely related pairs of relatives have highly correlated IQ scored its an indication of genetics
40
Q

Twin studies

A

the IQ of identical (share 100% of their genes) twin pairs was compared to that of fraternal (share 50% of their genes) twins

41
Q

Adoption

A

adoptive kids are compared to their adoptive parents and biological parents

42
Q

How do genetics & the environment interact?

A

genetics sets limits on IQ & the environment determines where a person falls within these limits

43
Q

Reaction range

A

the genetically determined limits on IQ (20-25 IQ points)

44
Q

Heritability

A

the extent to which IQ scores can be attributed to genetics

  • 60% of ur IQ is inherited the textbook says 80%
45
Q

Flynn effect

A

performance on IQ tests has steadily increased over generations & this suggests that the environment is an important factor

psyc (5 decks)

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