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Health Assessment > Test 3 - Culture > Flashcards

Test 3 - Culture Flashcards

1
Q

2 emerging majority groups…

A

younger with lower median wages

higher proportions under 18 years old

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2
Q

new immigrants have minimal understanding of…

A

modern health care delivery system
modern medical practices and interventions
English language

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3
Q

unfair or avoidable health differences affect people who experience…

A

social, economic disadvantage

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4
Q

National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Healthcare (CLAS)…

A

15 standards designed to improve the quality of care and eliminate health disparities

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5
Q

first standard of CLAS…

A

health care organizations should ensure patients receive effective, understandable, and effective care that is provided in manner compatible with their cultural health beliefs and practices and preferred language

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6
Q

Effective Care defined…

A

positive outcomes and satisfaction for patients

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7
Q

Respectful Care defined…

A

considers values, preferences, and expressed needs of patient

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8
Q

Cultural and Linguistic Competence defined…

A

congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that come together in a system among professionals that enables work in cross-cultural situations

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9
Q

Culturally Sensitive defined…

A

Possessing basic knowledge of and constructive attitudes toward diverse cultural populations

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10
Q

Culturally Appropriate defined…

A

Applying underlying background knowledge necessary to provide the best possible health care

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11
Q

Culturally Competent defined…

A

Understanding and attending to total context of patient’s situation including the following:

  • immigration status
  • stress and social factors
  • cultural similarities and differences
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12
Q

Culture defined…

A

thoughts, communications, actions, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups

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13
Q

4 Characteristics of Culture (LSAD)…

A
  • Learned from birth
  • Shared by members of the same cultural group
  • Adapted to specific conditions
  • Dynamic and ever changing
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14
Q

7 Cultural Competency Questions…

A
  • who are you meeting for the first time?
  • where does the patient come from?
  • what is their heritage?
  • what is their cultural background: ethnicity and religion?
  • Does the patient understand, speak, and read English?
  • What language do they speak?
  • what are their health and illness beliefs and practices?
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15
Q

Race defined…

A

self ID, a social construct referring to a group with similar physical traits

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16
Q

Ethnicity defined…

A

self ID, a social group with shared traits…may have common geographic origin, language, and traditions

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17
Q

Acculturation defined…

A

process of adopting the culture and behavior of the majority culture

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18
Q

Acculturative Stress defined…

A

losses and changes associated with integration of new beliefs

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19
Q

Religion and Spirituality defined…

A

organized system of beliefs versus individual’s unique experience

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20
Q

Ethnicity descriptions…

A
  • common geographic origin
  • migratory status
  • religion
  • race
  • language
  • shared values, traditions, or symbols
  • food preferences
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21
Q

Socialization defined…

A

process of being raised within a culture and acquiring characteristics of that group

22
Q

Assimilation defined…

A

process of developing a new cultural identity and becoming like members of dominant culture

23
Q

Biculturalism defined…

A

dual pattern of identification and often of divided loyalty

24
Q

how does culture affect choices of parents regarding medical decisions for their children…

A
  • presumed cause of illness
  • first treatment tried
  • acceptability of treatments offered by clinicians
25
Q

for older patients, culture is likely to do the following…

A
  • define family responsibilities

- affect their view and knowledge of health care systems used by dominant culture

26
Q

Religion defined…

A
  • belief in divine or superhuman power or powers to be obeyed and worshiped as creator/ruler of the universe
  • system of beliefs, practices, and ethical values
  • shared experience of spirituality
27
Q

spiritual well-being correlates with:

A
  • less loneliness
  • hardiness and hope
  • less symptom distress
  • enhanced coping and improved quality of life
28
Q

5 steps to Cultural Competence…

A
  • understand one’s own heritage-based beliefs, values, attitudes, and practices
  • identify meaning of “health” to patient
  • understand how health care system works
  • acquire knowledge about social backgrounds of patients
  • become familiar with languages, interpretive services, and community resources available to nurses and patients
29
Q

Title VI Civil Rights Act of 1964…

A

requires compliance of all agencies receiving federal assistance such as Medicare/Medicaid funds

30
Q

risks of patients with Limited English Proficiency (LEP)…

A

at risk for poorer health outcomes due to barrier of language present during health care delivery interactions

31
Q

5 Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)…

A
  • Social and community contect
  • Education
  • Economic stability
  • Neighborhood and built environment
  • Health and healthcare
32
Q

4 Components of Spiritual Assessment…

A
  • faith of beliefs: “what is your faith or belief?”
  • importance and influence: “is it important in your life?”
  • community: “are you part of a religious community?”
  • address: “how would you like me to address this in your care?”
33
Q

Spirituality Assessment: RCOPE…

A
  • guides practitioners to understand the patient’s religious coping mechanisms
  • examines if the patient uses positive or negative religious coping
  • 4 (or more) questions, patient rates how often this is applied to them on a scale of 1 to 4
34
Q

RCOPE assessing positive religious coping…

A
  • looked for a stronger connection with God
  • sought God’s love and care
  • sought help from God in letting go of anger
  • tried to coordinate my plans with God
  • tried to see how God might be trying to strengthen me in this situation
  • asked forgiveness for sins
  • focused on religion to stop worrying about problems
35
Q

RCOPE assessing negative religious coping…

A
  • wondered if God has abandoned me
  • felt punished by God for my lack of devotion
  • wondered what I did for God to punish me
  • questioned God’s love for me
  • wondered whether my church had abandoned me
  • decided the devil made this happen
  • questioned the power of God
36
Q

health-related behaviors affected by religion…

A
  • meditating, exercise and physical fitness, sleep habits
  • truthfulness about how patient feels
  • hoping for recovery, and coping with stress
  • caring for children and living with a disbaility
37
Q

Health defined…

A

balance of a person is a complex, interrelated phenomenon

  • within one’s being: physical, mental, spiritual
  • in outside world: natural, communal, metaphysical
38
Q

Illness defined…

A

loss of a person’s balance, either within one’s being or in outside world

39
Q

Biomedical health-related belief and practice…

A

scientific theory of microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses as the source of illness and disease

40
Q

Naturalistic health-related belief and practice…

A

human life is just one aspect of nature…forces of nature must be kept in a natural balance or harmony

41
Q

Magicoreligious health-related belief and practice…

A

fate depends on supernatural forces for good and evil

42
Q

Differing views of Epilepsy…

A
  • Uganda: contagious, untreatable
  • Greece: source of family shame
  • Mexican-American community: evidence of physical imbalance
  • Hutterites: evidence of having endured trial by God
43
Q

Traditional Folk Healers and Treatments…

A
  • Hispanic: curandero, espritualista, yerbo, sabedor
  • Black: hougan, spiritualist, old lady
  • American Indian: shaman, medicine woman/man
  • Asian: herbalist, acupuncturist, bone setters
  • Amish: braucher
44
Q

Transcultural Expression of Pain…

A
  • expectations, manifestations, and management of pain are all embedded in a cultural context
  • pain has been found to be a highly personal experience depending on cultural learning, the meaning of the situation, and other factors unique to the person
  • silent suffering has been identified as one of the most valued responses to pain by health care professionals
45
Q

first effort at treatment…

A

often self-care

46
Q

home treatment is attractive for…

A

accessibility, especially people from rural or sparsely populated areas

47
Q

home treatment may do what…

A

mobilize person’s social support network and provide a caring environment in which to convalesce

48
Q

Culture and Respect…

A
  • must know heritage of yourself and patient
  • examine patient within cultural context
  • use simple questions and speak slowly
  • pace the questioning throughout the exam
  • encourage patient to discuss meaning of health and illness with you
  • check patient’s understanding and acceptance of recommendations
  • touch patient within boundaries of their heritage
49
Q

Ethnocentrism defined…

A

the tendency to view your own way of life as the most desirable, acceptable, or best

50
Q

3 reasons why all this matters…

A
  • nursing requires interpersonal skills
  • many assessment findings vary depending on a person’s cultural or racial background
  • it is how we would want to be treated
51
Q

5 non-verbal behaviors…

A
  • eye contact
  • facial expression
  • gestures
  • touch
  • personal space
52
Q

remember, we always start with understanding of…

A

our own beliefs, values, heritage

Health Assessment (4 decks)

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