Test 3 (Chapter 8)

Question 1

Fairly predictable changes in behavior associated with increasing age

Answer 1

development

Question 2

Two sources of developmental change

Answer 2

• maturation

- experience

Question 3

the orderly unfolding of traits, as regulated by the genetic code

Answer 3

maturation

Question 4

examples of maturation

Answer 4

• babinski reflex
• rooting reflex
• grasping reflex

Question 5

newborn infants flex their toes outward when the sole of the foot is touched/scratched

Answer 5

babinski reflex

Question 6

if the corners of infants’ mouths are touched, they will turn their heads in that direction

Answer 6

rooting reflex

Question 7

during the first few weeks of life, infants will firmly grasp a finger or pencil placed in their hands

Answer 7

• grasping reflex

Question 8

factors that influence prenatal development

Answer 8

• mother’s diet
• drugs
• alcohol
• cigarette smoking
• chemicals
• radiation
• diseases
• interaction of RH positive and Rh negative blood
• age of mother
• extreme anxiety

Question 9

risks associated with the father that influence prenatal development

Answer 9

• age
• alcohol
• cigarette smoking

Question 10

T/F: neonates can focus their eyes well

Answer 10

F

Question 11

T/F: neonates can’t distinguish between light and dark, detect movement, or track a visual stimulus

Answer 11

F

Question 12

Newborns differentiate ___ around 1-2 months

Answer 12

colors

Question 13

babies can recognize their mother’s face at __ ___ of age

Answer 13

two weeks

Question 14

newborns CAN distinguish between ___ ____

Answer 14

people’s voices

Question 15

newborns prefer a ____ taste

Answer 15

sweet

Question 16

Three most important developmental tasks of infancy

Answer 16

• ability to perceive the world accurately
• move about purposefully
• develop social relationships

Question 17

Infants are approximately ___ ___ old before they have complete integration of the senses

Answer 17

1 year

Question 18

On average, infants turn over around _____

Answer 18

fadsgasd

Question 19

infants sit on their own around ___ of age

Answer 19

6 months

Question 20

infants start walking at about ___ ___ of age

Answer 20

1 year

Question 21

Embryonic stage and motor development follow the ____ principle

Answer 21

cephalocaudal

Question 22

head-to-toe direction; series of head, feet, and hands

Answer 22

cephalocaudal principle

Question 23

Piaget’s theory of cognitive develoment: we organize the world into ____

Answer 23

schemas (concepts)

Question 24

Piaget’s theory of cognitive development: We adapt by ____

Answer 24

assimilation

Question 25

Piaget’s theory of cognitive development: assimilation

Answer 25

process where new concepts and experiences are incorporated into existing ones and are then used in a meaningful way

Question 26

• Piaget’s theory of cognitive development: accommodation

* example of this

Answer 26

• the adjustment to new objects or stimuli by acquiring new responses
• ex. book, computer

Question 27

list the stages of cognitive development

Answer 27

• sensorimotor stage
• preoperational stage
• concrete operational stage
• formal operational sage

Question 28

stages of cognitive development: sensorimotor stage

Answer 28

• control of body movement to interact with environment = important
• develops object permanence

Question 29

object permanence

Answer 29

• object exists even when not physically present

Question 30

example of object permanence

Answer 30

• child looking for hidden toy

Question 31

stages of cognitive development: learning to represent the world symbolically

Answer 31

• preoperational stage