Test 3- Arthritis

Question 1

Osteoarthritis

Answer 1

Degenerative disorder; most common joint disorder throughout the world
-can affect the integrity of the cartilage and bone- wears away bone and can develop bone spurs

Question 2

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 2

Inflammatory auto-immune disorder

-affects more than just joints (skin, CVS, lungs), joint damage is secondary affect via wear and tear

Question 3

Gout

Answer 3

A disorder caused by uric acid or urate crystal deposition that usually affects one or two joints at a time

Question 4

Osteophytes

Answer 4

Small bone spurs that can cause stiffness and problems with normal mechanics/movements

• caused from inflammation of osteoarthritis
• In MP can cause trigger finger, in A1 pulley can hinder tendon excursion

Question 5

Heberden’s nodes vs Bouchard’s nodes

Answer 5

• Heberden’s nodes: distal phalanx (DIP) osteophytes

- Bouchard’s nodes: proximal phalanx (PIP) osteophytes

Question 6

Crepitus

Answer 6

Grating, popping of tissues and joint surfaces. Is a sign of inflammation in a joint and can indicate uneven joint surface
-Only crepitus if there is pain involved, without pain= air bubbles

Question 7

CMC arthritis

Answer 7

Arthritis of thumb joint; tightness in webspace (adductor pollicis) , may have joint laxity or hyper-extension at MP
-Decreased strength pinching or gripping

Question 8

Structures involved in RA

Answer 8

-Synovium, where synovial fluid is produced, becomes inflamed- synovitis. Thikens from 2 to 12 layers developing pannus

Question 9

Stages of RA

Answer 9

1. most painful; swelling and inflammation
2. inflammatory symptoms decrease, pannus begins to form
3. Destructive, chronic phase; less painful but irreversible
4. Skeletal collapse and severe joint deformity

Question 10

Joint protection

Answer 10

• Built up handles
• using two hands
• use larger joints
• adaptive equipment