Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NUR 140 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

ADHD

A

Persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ADHD Symptomatology

A 
Easily distracted/Short attention spans
Unable to complete tasks
Impulsive
Poor interpersonal relationships
Disruptive and intrusive
Non-compliance with social norms
Aggressive/Low frustration tolerance/Temper tantrums
Regressed/immature behavior
Boundless energy/Excessive activity
Accident prone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Tourette’s

A

Multiple motor tics and 1 or more verbal tics

Interferes with social and occupational functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tourette’s vocal tics

A

Clicks, grunts, barks, coughs, sniffs and snorts,
Palilalia
Echolalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Palilalia

A

Repeating one’s own sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Echolalia

A

Repeating what others say

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tourette’s simple tics

A

Eye blinking, neck jerking, shrugging, grimacing, coughing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tourette’s complex tics

A

Tapping, squatting, hopping, skipping, retracing steps, twirling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A

Persistent pattern of angry mood and defiant behavior

Interferes with social, educational, and occupational functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Oppositional Defiant Disorder symptomatology

A

*Negativism
*Argumentativeness
Passive-aggressive behaviors
Limit testing
Resistance to directions
Deliberately ignoring the communication of others
Unwillingness to compromise
Running away
School avoidance/under achievement
Temper tantrums/Fighting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Conduct Disorder

A

Repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age- appropriate societal norms or rules are violated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Conduct Disorder Symptomatology

A

*Physical aggression
*Violates the rights of others
*Lacks guilt/remorse
*Temper outbursts
Stealing, lying, truancy
Early use of alcohol, tobacco
Early sexual activity
Projection
Low self-esteem- “tough guy” image
Low frustration tolerance
Depression/anxiety common
Low academic achievement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Separation Anxiety Disorder

A

Excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation from those to whom the individual is attached

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Separation Anxiety Disorder Symptomatology

A 
Difficulty separating from the mother
-Anticipation of separation may result in tantrums, crying, screaming, complaints of physical problems, and clinging behaviors
Reluctance or refusal to attend school
Refusal to sleep away from home
*Worrying
Nightmares
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What problems can these children/ adolescents have?

A 
Physical injuries
Poor relationships with others
Feel bad about themselves 
Can be violent
Can’t cope with life
Anxiety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Collaborative Interventions

A 
Psychopharmacology
Family Therapy
Group Therapy
Behavioral Therapy 
Cognitive Therapy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Psychopharmacology for adolescent disorders

A 
CNS Stimulants
Strattera
Wellbutrin
Alpha agonist
Haldol and Atypical Anti-psychotics-Tourette's
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Combined type of ADHD

A

6 symptoms of hyperactivity type and 6 symptoms of inattentive type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Predominantly inattentive type of ADHD

A 
Not paying close attention to details 
Making careless mistakes 
Difficultly remaining focused
Don't seem like they are paying attention when speaking 
Difficulty remembering chores 
Disorganized and messy 
Lose items to complete tasks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Predominantly hyperactive/impulsive type of ADHD

A 
Hard time staying seated
Constantly moving and restless
Have trouble playing quietly
Talk excessively 
Interrupt 
Skip another's turn
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the criteria to be diagnosed with ADHD

A

Have to have 6 or more symptoms of inattention/hyperactivity (or both) that has been crossing the line for occupational function for greater than 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Childhood onset conduct disorder

A

Symptoms of violating other are present before the age of 10

Will turn into antisocial personality disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Adolescent onset conduct disorder

A

Less severe, become passive aggressive adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Delirium

A 
“A mental state characterized by a disturbance of cognition, which is manifested by confusion, excitement, disorientation, and a clouding of consciousness. Hallucinations and illusions are common”. Townsend, 2015, pg. 333
Develops rapidly
Brief duration (1 week-1 month)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Delirium Signs and Symptoms

A

Difficulty with attention/Extreme distractibility
Disorganized thinking/Speech is rambling, irrelevant, pressured, incoherent and switches from topic to topic
Impaired reasoning
Disorientation to time and place
Hallucinations and illusions
Disturbances in sleep
Psychomotor activity fluctuates between agitation and vegetative states
Emotional instability
Tachycardia, sweating, flushed face, dilated pupils, elevated blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Predisposing Factors of Delirium

A 
Systemic infections
Febrile illness
Metabolic disorder
Hepatic encephalopathy
Head trauma
Seizures
Migraine headaches 
Brain abscess
Stroke
Post-op state
Electrolyte imbalance 
Substance induced (Alcohol, amphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, opioids)
Substance withdrawal (Alcohol, opioids, sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics) 
Medication induced
Multiple etiologies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Dementia

A 
A general term that describes a range of disorders and symptoms associated with a decline in memory and at least one other area of functioning such as:
Concentration
Orientation
Language
Judgment 
Visuospatial skills
Sequencing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Non-Modifiable Risk Factors of Dementia

A 
Age
Family History
Genetics
Culture
African Americans twice as likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Modifiable Risk Factors of Dementia

A 
Cardiovascular health status 
Smoking
Sleep disturbances
Social engagement
Traumatic brain injury 
Concussions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Alzheimer’s Disease

A

Characterized by memory loss, confusion, decreased reasoning or judgment ability, difficulty with language, behavioral changes
Brain changes caused by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (PET scan)
REDUCED production of ACETYLCHOLINE
EXCESS GLUTAMATE leading to increased intracellular calcium and subsequent nerve cell death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The 5 A’s of Alzheimer’s

A 
Anomia
Apraxia
Aphasia
Amnesia
Agnosia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Anomia

A

Inability to remember the name of things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Apraxia

A

Misuse of object because of failure to identify them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Aphasia

A

Inability to express oneself through speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Amnesia

A

Memory loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Agnosia

A

Inability to recognize familiar objects, tastes, sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

7 Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease

A
  1. No impairment
  2. Forgetfulness
  3. Mild Cognitive Decline
  4. Mild - Moderate
  5. Moderate
  6. Moderate to Severe
  7. Severe
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q
  1. Forgetfulness
A

Short-term memory, lose things or forget names
Long term memory intact
Blocks of lost memory and fabricate memories to fill in blanks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q
  1. Mild Cognitive Decline
A

Work impacted
Get lost, fill in more memory blanks
Noticed by others
Personal events are forgotten

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q
  1. Mild - Moderate
A

Personal events forgotten, confabulation

Social withdrawal, isolation, don’t understand current events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q
  1. Moderate
A

ADLs negatively impacted
May not remember name of spouse or children
Disoriented and starts to wander

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q
  1. Moderate to Severe
A

Major disorientation
Can’t remember the name of spouse or children
Incontinent, sleeping problems, agitation, impaired communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q
  1. Severe
A

Not recognize significant others, bedfast
Difficulty swallowing, unaware of environment
Death by pneumonia or sepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Behavioral and Psychological Symptom of Dementia (BPSD)

A

Disturbed mood, thought, perception, motor function, and alteration in personality
Causes increased stress and frustration for patients and care givers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Most prevalent Behavioral and Psychological Symptom of Dementia

A

Apathy, depression Irritability
Agitation
Anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Least prevalent Behavioral and Psychological Symptom of Dementia

A

Euphoria
Hallucinations
Disinhibition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Triggers for BPSD

A 
Pain, impaction, comorbidities, boredom, loneliness, depression, and stressors such as social or environmental conditions.
Pain
Hunger
Anxiety
Lonely
Tired
Toilet
Thirsty
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Medical Interventions priority

A

Correct underlying cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Cognitive Impairment medications

A 
CHOLINESERASE INHIBITORS:
-Donepezil (Aricept)
-Rivastigmine (Exelon),
Memantine (Namenda) NMDA RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST
-works to decrease glutamate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Substance Addiction

A

Substance interferes with ability to perform role obligations
Failed attempts to cut down
Intense craving for the substance
Excessive time focused on the substance
Continue use despite negative consequences
Tolerance develops and amount of use increase
Takes over social and occupational functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Substance Induced Disorders - Intoxication

A 
Excessive use of substance
Effects the CNS
Disturbed physiological and psychological functioning
Impaired judgment
Specific symptoms dependent on substance
Denial and rationalization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Substance Induced Disorders - Withdrawal

A

Abrupt reduction after prolonged use
Physical and psychological symptoms
Changes in thinking, feeling, and behavior
Specific symptoms dependent on substance
Stress related triggers can relapse addiction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Substance Induced Disorders Predisposing Factors

A

Biological
Psychological
Sociocultural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Substance Induced Disorders Biological Predisposing Factors

A

Genetics

Biochemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Substance Induced Disorders Psychological Predisposing Factors

A

Developmental

Personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Substance Induced Disorders Sociocultural Predisposing Factors

A

Social Learning
Conditioning
Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What is the most widely used drug?

A

Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What is the third leading cause of lifestyle related health?

A

Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What is the #1 health problem in the US?

A

Alcoholism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Alcohol Use Disorder Patterns of Use

A

Phase I: Pre-alcoholic phase
Phase II: Early alcoholic phase
Phase III: The crucial phase
Phase IV: The chronic phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Pre-alcoholic phase

A

Characterized by use of alcohol to relieve everyday stress and tensions of life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Early alcoholic phase

A

Begins with blackouts, brief periods of amnesia that occur during or immediately following a period of drinking; alcohol is now required by the person.
Denial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

The crucial phase

A

Person has lost control; physiological dependence is clearly evident.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

The chronic phase

A

Characterized by emotional and physical disintegration. The person is usually intoxicated more often than sober.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Effects of Alcohol on the Body

A 
Peripheral neuropathy
Alcoholic myopathy
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Korsakoff’s psychosis
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy
Pancreatitis
Alcoholic Hepatitis
Cirrhosis of the Liver 
Leukopenia
Thrombocytopenia
Sexual dysfunction 
Esophagitis
Gastritis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

A

Most serious form of thiamine deficiency in alcoholic patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Korsakoff’s psychosis

A

Syndrome of confusion, loss of recent memory, and confabulation

68
Q

CAGE Questionnaire

A

Have you ever felt you should |C|ut down on your drinking?
Have people |A|nnoyed you by criticizing your drinking?
Have you ever felt bad or |G|uilty about your drinking?
Have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady your nerves (|E|ye-opener)?

69
Q

Intimate Partner Violence

A

Domestic/Family Violence
Spouse Abuse
Wife or husband battering

70
Q

Battering

A 
Behaviors of power and control through fear and intimidation over partner
Physical
Verbal/emotional
Sexual
Financial
71
Q

Nursing Assessment - Profile of Victim (Intimate Partner Violence)

A

Battered women represent all age, racial, religious, cultural, educational, and socioeconomic groups.
Low self-esteem
Inadequate support systems
Some grew up in abusive homes

72
Q

Nursing Assessment - Profile of Victimizer (Intimate Partner Violence)

A 
Low self-esteem
Pathologically jealous 
“Dual personality”
Limited coping ability
Severe stress reaction
Views spouse as a personal possession
73
Q

Cycle of Battering (Intimate Partner Violence)

A

Tension Building Phase
Acute Battering phase
Honeymoon Phase

74
Q

Why Women Stay (Intimate Partner Violence)

A

FEAR (for their lives or their children’s lives, retaliation or of losing custody of their children)
Lack of financial resources
Lack of support network
Religious reasons
Having hope that the partner will change and they can have good times again

75
Q

Sexual Assault - Rape

A

Acquaintance (date) rape
Marital rape
Statutory Rape
Rape is an act of aggression, not one of passion

76
Q

Victimizer in Sexual Assault

A

Seductive but rejecting and dominating mother, often from abusive homes

77
Q

Victim in Sexual Assault

A

16-34 years old, single, chosen at random, amount of resistance dependent on presence of weapon

78
Q

Acute phase of Rape - Trauma Syndrome

A

Within a few hours of rape
Expressed: outbursts of crying, laughing, hysteria, anger
Controlled: calm, yet difficulty making decisions, ‘numbing’

79
Q

Tension Building Phase (Intimate Partner Violence)

A

Tolerance for frustration for her and life is declining
Hard to cope, threats
Quick to apologize
She becomes nurturing and walking on eggshells
Treat to keep her submissive
Verbal abuse
Weeks, months, year

80
Q

Acute Battering phase (Intimate Partner Violence)

A

Most violent, where abuse starts
24 hours
Verbal to physical abuse
Dissociate with her body, watching it happen to someone else

81
Q

Honeymoon Phase (Intimate Partner Violence)

A

He becomes loving and plays on guilt
Very apologetic, promises to get help
She wants to believe him, makes excuses for his actions

82
Q

Short term of Rape-Trauma Syndrome

A

Days to weeks after the rape
She is dealing with physical and emotional parts of rape
Bruising, muscle tension, HA, GI, sleep disorders
Emotional - rage, guilt, self blame, humiliation, embarrassment

83
Q

Long term of Rape-Trauma Syndrome

A 
Weeks, months, years 
Nightmares, fears/phobias
Sense of vulnerability, loss of control
Sexual dysfunction
Substance abuse
84
Q

Child Abuse

A 
Physical Abuse
Emotional Abuse
Physical and Emotional Neglect
Sexual Abuse of a Child
Children need time, attention and direction
85
Q

Physical Abuse

A

Any non-accidental physical injury caused by the parent or care giver
Unexplained injuries
Child is frightened of adults
Child reports injury by parent or caretaker
Conflicting or unconvincing explanation for injuries
Bruises and coloration
Excessive clothing

86
Q

Emotional Abuse

A

A pattern of behavior on the part of the parent or caretaker that results in serious impairment of the child’s social, emotional, or intellectual functioning
Extremes of behaviors
Delayed physical or emotional development
Lack of attachment to parents

87
Q

Physical/Emotional

Neglect

A

Refusal or delay in seeking health care, abandonment, expulsion from the home, refusal to allow a runaway to return home, inadequate supervision
Failure to provide the child with the hope, love, and support necessary for the development of a sound, healthy personality

88
Q

Behavioral Indicators of Neglect

A 
Frequently absent from school
Begs or steals food or money
Lacks needed medical or dental care
Consistently dirty and has body odor 
Lacks sufficient clothing for winter
Abuses alcohol or drugs
States there is no caregiver at home
89
Q

Sexual Exploitation and Incest

A

“Employment, use, persuasion, inducement, enticement, or coercion of any child to engage in, or assist any other person in, any sexually explicit conduct or simulation…” (Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2013)

90
Q

Behavioral Indicators of Sexual Exploitation and Incest

A

Has difficulty walking or sitting
Suddenly refuses to change for gym or to participate in physical activities
Reports nightmares or bedwetting
Change in appetite
Demonstrates bizarre, sophisticated, or unusual sexual behavior
Becomes pregnant or contracts an STD

91
Q

Risk Factors for Abuse

A 
Emotional/behavioral difficulties
Chronic illness
Physical disability
Developmental disabilities
Preterm birth
Unwanted
Unplanned
92
Q

Characteristics of Abusers

A 
Abused as children
Experiencing a stressful event
Poverty
Social isolation
Lacks knowledge of growth and development
Lacks coping strategies
Expects child to be perfect
93
Q

Incestuous Relationship

A

Impaired spousal relationship
8-10
At first, sign of affection

94
Q

Father in Incestuous Relationship

A

Domineering, impulsive,

Physically abusive

95
Q

Mother in Incestuous Relationship

A

Passive, submissive, and denigrates her role as wife and mother
Often aware of the incestuous relationship but uses denial or keeps quiet out of fear of being abused by her husband

96
Q

Adult Survivor of Incest

A 
Lacks trust
Low self-esteem
Absence of pleasure with sexual activity
Promiscuity
At risk for PTSD, sexual dysfunction, somatic symptom disorders, compulsive sexual behavior, depression, anxiety, eating disorders, substance use disorders, and intolerant of or constant search for intimacy
97
Q

Emotional Elder Abuse

A

Yelling, insulting, threats, silence, intimidation, manipulation, deprivation, social isolation

98
Q

Physical Elder Abuse

A

Strike, shove, beat, restraint

99
Q

Neglect Elder Abuse

A

Intentional or unintentional

Unfilled needs-dehydration, unclean, malnourished

100
Q

Sexual Elder Abuse

A

No consent

101
Q

Financial Elder Abuse

A

Misuse of funds, property, possessions

102
Q

Conditions that contribute to elder abuse

A 
Increase in number of elderly alive 
Fast growing age group 
Physically and mental ill 
Finically depended on children 
Caregiver strain
103
Q

Profiles of abused (Elder Abuse)

A

White female age 70 or greater

Unable to complete ADLs

104
Q

Profiles of abuser (Elder Abuse)

A

Finically and mentally strained
Abusing substances
Victims of abuse themselves

105
Q

Failure to report elder abuse

A

Do not have the means
Fearful of retaliation
Embarrassed
Protecting abuser (family)

106
Q

Dissociative Disorders definition

A

Defined by a disruption in the usually integrated functions of
Consciousness
Memory
Identity

107
Q

Dissociative amnesia

A

An inability to recall important personal information that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness and which is not due to the direct effects of substance use or a neurological or other medical condition

108
Q

Onset of Dissociative amnesia

A

Usually follows severe psychosocial stress

109
Q

Types of Dissociative amnesia

A

Localized
Selective
Generalized
Subtype: Dissociative fugue

110
Q

Localized amnesia

A

The person has the inability to recall any information for the periods time the abuse or trauma took place

111
Q

Selective amnesia

A

When a person had the ability only certain incidents around the traumatic event

112
Q

Generalized amnesia

A

Amnesia of a persons whole life, no memory of themselves or their entire life

113
Q

Dissociative fugue

A 
Temporary loss of recall memory 
Hours, months, years 
Sudden onset 
Episodes of leaving home or work without any explanation 
Assume a new identity
114
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder

A

Characterized by the existence of two or more personalities within a single individual
Transition from one personality to another usually sudden, often dramatic, and usually precipitated by stress
Brought on by trauma experience which overwhelms persons ability to cope causing the personality to shatter resulting in two or more distinct personalities to emerge

115
Q

Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder

A

Characterized by a temporary change in the quality of self- awareness that often takes the form of:
Feelings of unreality
Changes in body image
Feelings of detachment from the environment
A sense of observing oneself from outside the body

116
Q

Depersonalization

A

Disturbance in the perception of oneself
Outside observer of thoughts and feelings
Emotional numbness or memories are not their own

117
Q

Derealization

A

An alteration in the perception of external environment
Living in dream or movie, sensory fog
Distortion of distance, size and shape of objects

118
Q

Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder Symptoms

A 
Anxiety and depression
Fear of going insane
Obsessive thoughts
Somatic complaints
Disturbance in the subjective sense of time
119
Q

Predisposing Factors to Dissociative Disorders

A

Genetics
Psychodynamic Theory
Psychological Trauma

120
Q

Psychodynamic Theory - Dissociative Disorders

A

Based on freud in combination using his approach
Behaviors are defense mechanisms
Buried memories manifest in dissociative disorders

121
Q

Eating Disorders

A

Eating behaviors are influenced by:
Society
Culture
Historically, society and culture also have influenced what is considered desirable in the female body

122
Q

Types of Eating Disorders

A 
Anorexia Nervosa
Bulimia Nervosa
Binge-eating Disorder
Obesity
*cognitive distortions
123
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

Occurs predominantly in girls and women ages 12
to 30 years
Characteristics:
Gross distortion of body image
Preoccupation with food
Low self esteem Perfectionist/Self disciplined
*denial and rationalization

124
Q

Anorexia Nervosa Symptoms

A 
Weight <85% expected 
Hypothermia
Lanugo
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Amenorrhea
125
Q

Anorexia Nervosa Health Risks

A 
Malnutrition
Anemia
Cardiac dysfunction
Loss of muscle tone
Loss of skin turgor 
Osteoporosis
126
Q

Bulimia Nervosa

A

Bulimia nervosa is an episodic, uncontrolled, compulsive, rapid ingestion of large quantities of food over a short period (binging).
The episode is followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors to rid the body of the excess calories (self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, enemas, or excessive exercise)

127
Q

Bulimia Nervosa Characteristics

A 
Concern about appearance
Binging
Purging (secretive)
Normal weight range
Substance Abuse
128
Q

Bulimia Nervosa Symptoms / Health Risks

A 
Purging
Dehydration
Dental caries
Esophageal tears
Electrolyte imbalance
129
Q

Binge Eating Disorder

A

The DSM-5 identifies binge eating disorder (BED) as an eating disorder than can lead to obesity
The individual binges on large amounts of food, as in bulimia nervosa
BED differs from bulimia nervosa in that the individual does not engage in behaviors to rid the body of the excess calories

130
Q

Predisposing factors Anorexia Nervosa & Bulimia Nervosa

A

Family Hx Eating Disorders
Enmeshed relationships
Conflict avoidance
Power and control

131
Q

Obesity

A

A body mass index of 30 is considered obese
Obesity can contribute to increases in morbidity and mortality
DSM-5

132
Q

Obesity Health Risks

A 
Hyperlipidemia
Diabetes mellitus
Osteoarthritis
Angina
Respiratory insufficiency
133
Q

Predisposing Factors Obesity

A

Genetics
Physiological factors
Lifestyle factors
Psychosocial influences

134
Q

Anxiety Health Risks Men

A

History of panic disorders doubles the risk of stroke and cardiac mortality
Current anxiety predicts future cardiac events

135
Q

Anxiety Health Risks Women

A

Post-menopausal panic attacks triple cardiac mortality

136
Q

Abnormal/Pathological? ANXIETY

A

Is the response disproportionate to the threat?
Does the response continue beyond existence of threat?
Is their intellectual, social, or occupational functioning impaired?

137
Q

Panic Disorder

A

Recurrent unpredictable panic attacks
Manifested by intense apprehension, fear, or terror, often associated with feelings of impending doom and accompanied by intense physical discomfort

138
Q

Symptoms of Panic Disorder

A 
Sweating, trembling, shaking
Shortness of breath, chest pain or nausea or abdominal distress
Dizziness, chills, or hot flashes
Numbness or tingling sensations
Derealization or depersonalization
Fear of losing control or “going crazy”
Fear of dying
139
Q

General Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Signs/Symptoms

A 
6 months, interfere w social & occupational functioning
Restless
Keyed up or on edge
Muscle tension
Spends a lot of time worrying
Procrastinates
Difficulty making decisions
Seeks reassurance
Depressed
Physical complaints
*Treatment is possible when patient gains insight
140
Q

Phobias

A

Illogical, intense, persistent, irrational fears
Agoraphobia
Social phobia
Specific phobias

141
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Fear of being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or in which help might not be available in the event of panic-like symptoms or other incapacitating symptoms

142
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)

A

Excessive fear of situations in which the affected person might do something embarrassing or be evaluated negatively by others

143
Q

Specific Phobias

A 
Animals 
Natural Environment 
Blood injection, injury type 
Situational 
Other
144
Q

Predisposing Factors to Phobias Psychoanalytical theory

A

Freud

If a child was assaulted in the woods, phobia of the woods

145
Q

Predisposing Factors to Phobias Learning Theory

A

Learned fear from parent

Avoiding the fear, strengthens the fear

146
Q

Predisposing Factors to Phobias Cognitive Theory

A

Individuals anxiety is the reason for the cognitive distortion (phobia)

147
Q

Predisposing Factors to Phobias Life Experiences

A

Lost someone because of object, fear of that object

148
Q

Treatments for phobias

A

Systematic desensitization

Implosion therapy

149
Q

Anxiety Disorder Attributable to Another Medical Condition

A

Medical conditions that may produce anxiety symptoms include:

  • Cardiac
  • Endocrine
  • Respiratory
  • Neurological
150
Q

Substance-Induced Anxiety Disorder

A

May be associated with intoxication or withdrawal from any of the following substances:

  • Alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, or anxiolytics
  • Amphetamines or cocaine
  • Hallucinogens
  • Caffeine
  • Cannabis
  • Others
151
Q

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A

Interfere with daily functions
Time consuming
Self imposed
Recognized by person as excessive and unreasonable
Reduce anxiety, not to provide pleasure or gratification

152
Q

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

A

Exaggerated belief that the body is deformed or defective in some way
Depression and obsessive-compulsive personality traits are common

153
Q

Trichotillomania

A

The recurrent pulling out of one’s own hair that results in noticeable hair loss
Preceded by increasing tension and results in sense of release or gratification

154
Q

Hoarding Disorder

A

Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value.
Associated symptoms: perfectionism, indecisiveness, anxiety, depression, distractibility, and difficulty planning and organizing tasks.

155
Q

Predisposing Factors to Anxiety Disorders Psychoanalytic

A

Underdeveloped ego, inability of the id and the super ego to intervene

156
Q

Predisposing Factors to Anxiety Disorders Learning Theory

A

Learn that another activity can soothe anxiety (like OCD or trichotillomania)

157
Q

Predisposing Factors to Anxiety Disorders Psychosocial

A

Our history leads to anxiety

158
Q

Predisposing Factors to Anxiety Disorders Biological

A

Looking more closely at the neurotransmitters

159
Q

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

A

Symptoms occur after exposure to a traumatic stressor that threatens self and/or others

  • Natural / manmade disaster
  • Combat, hostage, tortured
  • Threat of death - illness, motor vehicle crash
  • Victims of crime/violence
160
Q

Symptoms PTSD

A 
Re-experiencing the traumatic event
A sustained high level of anxiety or arousal
A general numbing of responsiveness
Intrusive recollections or nightmares
Amnesia to certain aspects of the trauma
Depression, survivors guilt
*Substance abuse
Anger and aggression
Relationship problems
161
Q

Somatic Symptom Disorders definition

A

Characterized by physical symptoms suggesting medical disease but without demonstrable organic pathology or a known pathophysiological mechanism to account for them

162
Q

Somatic Symptom Disorder

A

Symptoms vague, dramatized, exaggerated; not
explained medically - associated with psychosocial distress
Doctor shopping, drug abuse and dependence
Concurrent- anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation Personality characteristics: heightened emotionality, strong dependency needs, and a preoccupation with symptoms and oneself

163
Q

Illness Anxiety Disorder

A

Unrealistic or inaccurate interpretation of physical symptoms or sensations leading to preoccupation and fear of having a serious disease
Their behavioral response to even the slightest changes in feeling or sensation is unrealistic and exaggerated
Anxiety and depression are common, and obsessive-compulsive traits frequently accompany the disorder

164
Q

Conversion Disorder

A

A loss of or change in body function that cannot be explained by any known medical disorder or pathophysiological mechanism
The most obvious and “classic” conversion symptoms are those that suggest neurological disease
Some instances of conversion disorder may be precipitated by psychological stress

165
Q

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Condition

A

Psychological factors may play a role in virtually any medical condition
With this diagnosis, there is evidence of a general medical condition that has been precipitated by or is being perpetuated by psychological or behavioral circumstances

166
Q

Factitious Disorder

A

Conscious, intentional feigning of physical
and/or psychological symptoms.
Individual pretends to be ill in order to receive emotional care and support commonly associated with the role of “patient.”
The disorder may also be identified as Munchausen syndrome
The disorder may be imposed on another person under the care of the perpetrator

NUR 140 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions