Test 3 Flashcards
Akili is a grandparent and acts as the primary parent for his two grandchildren. Akili’s situation is referred to in the text as a __________.
grandparent
Luis plays a parentlike role for his girlfriend’s son, even though he is unrelated to the child. The text refers to this role as_____
social feathering
As wards of the court, foster children are financially supported by___
the state
Most single mothers intended to raise their children without a partner.
false
The new image of a “good” father in today’s society says that fathers __________.
not only take financial responsibility but also are actively involved in child care
Working full-time at minimum wage does not earn a parent enough money to live above the poverty line.
true
___________ are biological or, much less often, adoptive fathers who do not live with their children.
Nonresident fathers
Children under 18 make up about one-quarter of the homeless.
true
Parenting is one of many opportunities and experiences, or life chances, that is influenced by socioeconomic status (SES)—one’s position in society, measured by educational achievement, occupation, and/or income.
true
The __________ parent’s attitude is “I am in charge and set/enforce the rules, no matter what.”
authoritarian
About __________ percent of children who are raised in poverty have emotional or behavioral difficulties.
8
About _____ percent of grandparents in the United States are raising grandchildren.
11
Alice Rossi has observed that the transition to parenthood is more difficult than the transition to other adult roles for several reasons. Which of the following is NOT one of these?
Unlike other adult roles, the transition to parenthood is extremely gradual.
According to research, about ________ of fathers had spanked their children.
44 percent
A _______ , or social support from family and friends, is associated with children’s better adjustment.
private safety net
As adolescents search for identity and begin to define who they are and will be as adults, they need help from their parents. Which one of these is NOT a need listed by the text?
financial incentive
Boys, especially under the age of two, are spanked most often
true
Compared to the average 29% for all Americans over 24 years old, 52% of which racial/ethnic group has completed four years of college or more?
Asian American
Forms of parental control encouraged by your textbook include all EXCEPT which of the following?
psychological control
It is estimated that __________ children under age 18 are living in a grandparent’s household
more than 3.6 million
Home-based work has_____
increased significantly over the past few decades
Before mothers entered the work force in large numbers, their employment outside the home was considered problematic.
true
__________ involves an employee being able to take an extended period of time from work, either paid or unpaid, for maternity, paternity, ill-child and elder-care purposes.
family leave
__________ involves providing assistance with daily living activities to an elderly relative who is chronically frail, ill, disabled, or just in need of assistance.
elder care
According to the text, fathers are spending __________ time with their children in comparison to the past.
more
In recent years, men have been decreasing their share of the housework.
false
Paid care is more common for children in _____ families.
higher-income
A 2001 survey found found that approximately ___ percent of women agree that one can be a good mother and have a successful career.
90
After WWII, as soldiers came home, the government encouraged women to
returned to the kitchens
According to the text’s discussion of child care workers, these women are often __________.
poorly paid
Brad and Janet have been married for 10 years. Janet is a prosecuting attorney. Brad stays home to care for the house and family. The text would identify Brad as a
househusband
Career advancement often requires ________.
geographic mobility
Careers are basically the same as jobs
false
Careers differ from jobs in that they pay significantly more but require less education
false
Employed wives contribute about __________of a family’s income.
a third
Family income tends to be ________ with various child outcomes.
favorably associated
Gradually, beginning around _____, more women began to enter the labor force.
1890
In 2008, __________ percent of all employed women were office or service workers.
25
In 2010, about ____ percent of children ages 9 to 11 whose mothers were employed were in self-care.
10
In 2010, ____ percent of Americans said that marriages work better when the husband is breadwinner and the wife takes care of the house and children.
30
According to classification by researchers Huston and Melz, which type of marriage is high on antagonism but low on love and affection?
Hostile, or distressed
All couple conflicts in the home are detrimental to children.
false
Many couples may feel uncomfortable about expressing anger directly.
True
Keeping love involves __________—a task largely accomplished by little gestures of appreciation, such as a touch or hug, and also simply by listening with genuine interest.
letting our loved ones know how much we care and appreciate them
__________ means preparing to defend oneself against what one presumes is an upcoming attack.
Defensiveness
Research has shown a link between ____________ parental conflict and children’s behavior problems.
unresolved
Sabotage is a helpful way of pointing out an area of conflict to a partner.
false
The frequent use of social media has been correlated to low self-esteem.
true
According to John Gottman and his colleagues, anger, sadness, and whining are examples of ________.
low-intensity negative affect
Coping in which each partner attempts to cope with his or her own strain in ways that do not harm the relationship and also attend to the other’s emotional needs is called
relationship-focused coping.
Counselors encourage making time for play and new activities in a relationship, partly because new experiences release a pleasurable neurochemical called ____________.
dopamine
Counselors generally advise that an important aspect of learning to disagree involves expressing anger __________.
directly
Deborah Tannen argues that men typically engage in conversation aimed mainly at conveying information, which she refers to as ________.
report talk
ENRICH and PREP are training programs for married couples that emphasize __________.
couple communication
In communicating with each other, Naveed asks Tasha if his perception of her feelings is accurate. His behavior reflects __________.
checking it out
In displacement, a person directs anger at people or things that the other cherishes.
true
Joanna and Richard have been having a bad day. Joanna asks Richard what is wrong. Richard replies, “Oh, nothing,” but the look on his face and his body language suggest otherwise. Richard’s behavior reflects
silent treatment
Mike has agreed to go out to eat with his wife Ellen, but at the same time yawns and says that he is tired and had a hard day at work. Mike’s behavior illustrates ________.
mixed or double message
The feeling that one’s spouse is inferior or undesirable reflects _______.
contempt
The text points out that couples who communicate mutual affection create a contagious “__________ effect” so that the household atmosphere becomes one of emotional support.
spiraling
In a traditional society, __________ is legitimate power.
male authority
Unusually low self-esteem interacts with fear, depression, confusion, anxiety, feelings of self-blame, and loss of a sense of personal control that can create the __________ syndrome.
battered woman
Cohabitants and those who have been previously divorced are especially likely to maintain separate
money
If traditional norms of male authority are strong, husbands will almost inevitably dominate regardless of personal resources.
true
For the most part, research shows that partners’ subjective perception of fairness is more powerful than actual fairness in determining marital satisfaction.
true
Family researcher Steven Nock views the future as one of __________ couples.
mutually economically dependent
Husbands or male partners may also be subject to abuse from intimate partners, as may same-sex partners of gay males and lesbians.
true
Abused children live in families of all socioeconomic levels, races, nationalities, and religious groups, although child abuse is reported more frequently among __________ families.
lower-class nonwhite
Of the various forms of sexual abuse, which is the most emotionally charged?
incest
Battered women’s lack of personal power begins with
fear
Usually, battered wives leave and/or seek divorce almost immediately, without repeated conciliation.
false
_____ is the most important data on violence collected by the Department of Justice.
The National Crime Victimization Survey
For the most part, research shows that partners’ subjective perception of fairness is more powerful than actual fairness in determining marital satisfaction.
true
Most marriage counselors are opposed to “no-power” relationships.
false
The silent treatment is a form of __________ power.
coercive
