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Christian Heritage > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the backgrounds for the reformation

A

muslim army threat, papal power waned, humanism, churchs worldliness, interest in bible/early church, influence of augustine, sense of crisis

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2
Q

what is humanism

A

recorvery of the classical world of greece and rome in art and learning

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3
Q

where did humanism occur

A

italy 15th century

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4
Q

who is desiderius erasmus

A

dutch renaissane humanist, catholic priest

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5
Q

why is DE important

A

published greek test of the NT, empahsis on right living and deeds, purged away physicality of christian devotion

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6
Q

who is martin luther

A

monk of augustinian order, criticized the indulgence system, condemned for heresy in 1520

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7
Q

what was martin luther question of salvation

A

its a gift from god freely given by god to be received by faith

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8
Q

what are the three treatises

A

to the christian nobility of german nation- church reform
babylonian captivity- sacraments from 7 to 3
freedom of the christians- passive righteousness

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9
Q

who did luther marry and what did they both oppose

A

katharina von bara, both opposed celibacy and monasteries

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10
Q

true or false luther endorsed sola scriptura

A

true

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11
Q

where did the name protestant come from

A

protestatio

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12
Q

who is zwingli

A

more radical than luther, preached directly from bible in zurich

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13
Q

what did zwingli believe

A

questioned veneration of saints, purgatory, images, vestaments, and music

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14
Q

true or false zwingli rejected transubstantiation

A

true

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15
Q

what legacy did zwingli leave for later protestants

A

strict scripturalism, suspicion of idolatry, preference for spirit over matter, against eucharistic real presence

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16
Q

radical reformation believed it possible to restore what

A

prinitive model of christianity

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17
Q

anabaptists are also known as

A

belivers baptism

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18
Q

what did anabaptist belive

A

infant baptism lacked scriptural warrant, chrurch must be voluntary true believers, discipline must be maintained, separation of church and state, never swear an oath

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19
Q

what group came out of the fall of the anabaptists

A

mennonites by menno simons

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20
Q

who is john calvin

A

led religious reform in geneva, wrote institutes of christian religion

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21
Q

what did calvin believe

A

he believed all scripture was authoritative, in the unity of the Bible the idea of predestination, four fold ministry that included a pastor teacher elder and deacon, in Geneva as a model of Christian common walk

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22
Q

fourfold ministry

A

pastor, teacher, elder, deacon

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23
Q

calvin was what (3)

A

systematic, logical, scriptural

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24
Q

double destination

A

god chose who he wished to save and chose who he wished to condemn

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25
Q

what started englands reformation

A

king henrys marriage

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26
Q

events in englands reformation (5)

A

king henrys marriage, act of restraint of appeals, break from rome, no changes in practice and doctrine, thomas cranmer and book of common prayer

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27
Q

what is the act of restraint of appeals

A

it forbade all appeals to rome

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28
Q

after break from rome who became head of church in england

A

king henry

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29
Q

what are the 7 sacraments

A

baptism, confirmation, eucharist, reconciliation, marriage, holy orders, and anointing of the sick

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30
Q

what are the 5 points of calvinism

A

total depravity, unconditional election, limited atonement, irresistable grace, perseverance of the saints

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31
Q

what society what the new combative spirit againts the protestants

A

jesuits

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32
Q

Who was Ignatius

A

He was the Spanish soldier who founded the Jesuits

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33
Q

What did the Jesuits believe

A

Ia vow of poverty and service to others, no daily prayers or canonical office but internalized piety, hierarchy and discipline, and a special vowel of loyalty to the papacy

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34
Q

Who wrote the spiritual exercises

A

ignatius

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35
Q

what did ignatius believe was the goal of the spiritual exercise

A

empower activity in the world

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36
Q

what did ignatius focus on

A

images of scripture

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37
Q

what did the council of trent do

A

Defined official Catholic teachings more explicitly, solo scriptura was rejected, and the church as the true interpreter of scripture, apocrypha was fully canonical, the seven sacraments were reaffirmed, justification by faith rejected, faith formed by love asserted, clerical celibacy and dress code was reaffirmed, bishop authority strengthened

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38
Q

Reinvigoration of letting Catholicism

A

inquisiton, teres of avila, trained parish clergy, baroque style, revived roman catholicism

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39
Q

who is teresa avila

A

soanish carmelite nun who emphasized christocentric piety, mystical experience (piercing heart, marriage with divine), and established discalced carmelites

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40
Q

what is the baroque style

A

solidity and mass, use of color and picture, constratsed gothic style

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41
Q

catholic protestant conflict in holy roman empire

A

peace of augsburg, jesuits eduactional institutions and reforming movement in the church, reformed church not in peace of augsburg so no legal status

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42
Q

what is the peace of augsburg

A

allowed holy roman local rulers to choose lutheranism or catholicism, each dominion folloe religion of rulers, could emigrate to new regions

43
Q

catholic protestant conflict in france

A

huguenots arose, french wars of religion between catholics and huguenotes, edict of nantes that granted huguenots religious and political freedom

44
Q

st bartholonew day massacre

A

catholics killed 5-10 thousand huguenots

45
Q

king edward with thomas cranmer

A

established book of common prayer, clerica marriage made legal

46
Q

mary 1

A

latin liturgy resumed, papal authority restored, monastic house established, persecution of protestants

47
Q

elizabeth 1

A

elizabethan compromise, liturgy of cranmer modified, excommunicated by pope, puritianism grew out of this

48
Q

what is the elizabethan compromise

A

combined protestant theology with traditional practices

49
Q

puritanism

A

called for church to be reformed and purified

50
Q

what is defenestration of prague

A

people thrown out of windows

51
Q

thirty year war

A

between imperial catholic forces and protestant union, no divine triumph, resulted in peace of westphalia

52
Q

what is peace of westphalia

A

ended thirty years war, cemented nation state, autonomy of states, recognized that europe would be divided by religion

53
Q

synod of dort

A

ariminiams emphasis on free will (against predestination), international reformed community reaffirmed predestination, movement from calvinism to arminianism in england after dort

54
Q

english civil war

A

between anglicans (royalists) and puritans by cromwell, charles executed, became commonwealth of england, went back to elizabethan compromise after cromwell death, puritans expelled from the church

55
Q

reinternationalization of christianity characteristics

A

16-17th centuries brutal civil war, planted churches on all continents except for austrailia, all from western churches, connected with imperial expansion of european power

56
Q

who did most missionary endeavors come from

A

spain and portuagal

57
Q

padroado system

A

spanish and portuguese monarchs complete control of the churches in their colonial empires

58
Q

church of ethipoia

A

close connections to coptic church, isolated, distinctive christianity, sabbatarianism, diet laws, reverance for ark

59
Q

islamic jihad did what in ethiopia

A

destroyed churches, monasteries, and manuscripts

60
Q

christianity in india

A

mission led by jesuit francis xavier, adiminstered sacraments, translated apostles creed and ten commandments, and taught youth

61
Q

what was xaviers biggest obstacle in india

A

the caste system

62
Q

japanese christianity

A

started by political turmoil, led by xavier who had social and political connections with eaders like oda nobunga

63
Q

japan had an interest in ___,___, and ___ with portuguese

A

tech, learning, and trade

64
Q

what caused japan to isolate itself

A

hideyoshis persecution and the spanish franciscan mission that led to a antiforeign reaction

65
Q

chinas christinaity

A

led by jesuit matteo ricci

66
Q

matteo ricci was studied _____ and did _____ to help appease the chinese

A

theology, math, astronomy, wore clothes of buddhist monk and confucain scholar

67
Q

what was ricci belief on christianity and confucianism

A

that they can work together because not that different

68
Q

rites controversy

A

cominicans and franciscians accused jesuits of compromising true belief

  • tianzu and shangdi (names of god)
  • confucain ceremonies
69
Q

spanish missions in the west

A

church was central part of imperial policy, god gold glory

70
Q

who is bartolome de las casas

A

defender of native americans, separate geological areas called doctrinas that protected natives

71
Q

english colonies in north america were what

A

haven for various reformed traditions

72
Q

where was the elizabethan compromise in north america

A

southern colonies, carolinas, and georgia

73
Q

where did the puritans settle in north america

A

colonies of new england up north

74
Q

non separatists puritans believed what

A

eschatological belief

75
Q

old england

A

house of lords, bishops and churches administering justice

76
Q

new england

A

lay governors exercising authority in christian way

77
Q

roger williams

A

argued for religious tolerance, founded first american baptist church

78
Q

william penn

A

founded pennsylvania for religious freedom, most ethnically and religiouslly diverse colony

79
Q

what does philadelphia mean

A

city fo brotherly love

80
Q

who rejected the edict of nantes

A

louis xiv

81
Q

what did louis xiv do or belive

A

against quietism, rejected edict of nantes, encouraged gallicanism

82
Q

gallicansim

A

general councils over pope authority

83
Q

jesuits emphasized what

A

humand freedom and responsibility in the work of salvation

84
Q

jansenists emphasized what

A

power of god and the sinfulness of humanity

85
Q

describe enlightenment

A

reason is primary source of authority and legitimacy, liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, to end abuses of church and state, revolutions

86
Q

what is bacons method

A

the world is rational and orderly, a regular law and plan governed the universe, profound parallel between humand and divine reason

87
Q

who is john locke

A

enlightenment thinker, philosopher, physician

88
Q

beliefs of john locke

A

against appeal to absolutism, argued for religious tolerance, senses are surer guide than church

89
Q

natural theology

A

prove gods existence and define gods nature through an appeal to the natural world

90
Q

5 principles of true religion

A

god, obligation to worship a god, ethical law associated with a god, repent, final reward

91
Q

religion of reason stated what

A

revelation is unnecessary and christian claims were to be defended by reason

92
Q

deism

A

revelation is unnecessary, nothing contrary to reason can be held true, reason is necessary guide to knowledge, rejects trinity, deity of christ, resurrection, original sin, atonement, miracles, and eternal punishment

93
Q

pietism in europe

A

reviatlizing interior life stressing the transforming power of gods love, use of small groups, use of alcohol questioned, mission, practical christianity

94
Q

pia desideria

A

failure of current christianity and a way toward reform

95
Q

moravians were a ___ between continental pietism and england

A

conduit

96
Q

john wesley

A

founded methodism, small groups at pxford, emphasis on activity in the world and on the transformed heart, bleived in free will(arminianism), humans have power to triumph over the sin

97
Q

cristicism of wesley and methodism

A

god communicating directly seemed dubious and dangerous, field preaching and lay preaching are problematic

98
Q

what was the great awakening in america

A

18th century, influence of rational religion

99
Q

frontier revival

A

large number of conversions, jonathan edwards

100
Q

george whitefield

A

empahsis on new borth, baptism, lamented lack of piety among havard and yale and clergies

101
Q

the message of heartfelt religion created what in the south

A

a crisis, heartfelt vs hierarchically ordered society

102
Q

_____ of the slave community

A

evangelizatiob

103
Q

rationalists and evangelicals united to overturn what

A

established anglican churches of the south

Christian Heritage (4 decks)

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