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History Of Psych. > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Gestalt psychology

A

A system of psychology that focuses largely on learning and perception

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2
Q

Kant

A

Said that the mind is active in interpreting experiences

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3
Q

Phenomenology

A

Study of conscious experiences

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4
Q

Phi phenomenon

A

The illusion that 2 stationary flashing lights are moving from one place to another

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5
Q

Perceptual organization

A

Size, shape, illusions

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6
Q

Wertheimer

A

Perceive objects as a whole rather than as sum of elements

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7
Q

Kohler

A

Studied chimpanzees: mentality of apes

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8
Q

Insight learning

A

Sudden perception of relationships vs gradual trial and error

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9
Q

Lewin

A

Used vectors to indicate direction of movement

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10
Q

Field theory

A

Lewins stystem usimg the concept of fields of force to explain behavior in terms of ones field of social influences

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11
Q

Life space

A

Eg. “the war landscape”- a landscape may look different to a soldier than a civilian

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12
Q

Zeigarnik effect

A

The tendency to recall I completed tasks more easily than completed tasks

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13
Q

Mesmer

A

Introduced hypnosis

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14
Q

Animal magnetism

A

An invisible natural force possessed by all living beings

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15
Q

Hypnosis

A

A way of treating mental illnesses

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16
Q

Freud

A

Studied hysteria and the uncounscious

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17
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

Freud’s theory of personality and system of psychotherapy

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18
Q

Repression

A

The process of barring unacceptable ideas, memories, or desires from conscious awareness, leaving them to operate in the unconscious mind

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19
Q

Defense mechanisms

A

Behaviors that represent unconscious denials of reality but which are adopted to protect the ego against anxiety

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20
Q

Id

A

The part of the mind in which instinctive impulses manifest

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21
Q

Ego

A

The rational aspect of personality responsible for controlling the instincts

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22
Q

Superego

A

The moral aspect of personality derived from internalizing parental and societal values and standards

23
Q

Psychosexual stages of development

A

The developmental stages of childhood

24
Q

Ego psychologists

A

A system of psychoanalytic development, psychology concerned with personality

25
Q

Anna Freud

A

Ego psychologist

26
Q

Play therapy

A

Introduction to the technique of child analysis

27
Q

Object relations theory

A

Focus on interpersonal relations more than drives

28
Q

Jung

A

Studied with Freud, analytical psychology

29
Q

Analytical psychology

A

Jungs theory of personality

30
Q

Archetypes

A

Inherited tendencies within the collective unconscious that dispose a person to behave similarly to ancestors who confronted similar situations

31
Q

Collective unconscious

A

The deepest level of the psyche; it contains inherited experiences of human and prehuman species

32
Q

Self

A

Archetype of wholeness

33
Q

Psychological types

A

Attitudes (introversion and extraversion) and functions (seeing and intuition)

34
Q

Adler

A

Individual psychology. Emphasized social biological factors

35
Q

Inferiority feelings

A

A condition that develops when a person is unable to compensate for normal inferiority feelings

36
Q

Striving for superiority

A

Stiriving to be the best

37
Q

Creative power of self

A

Determine own life course, most passively determined

38
Q

Birth order

A

Influences personality: first born- hostile, conservative; second child- ambitious, jealous; youngest- center of attention, spoiled

39
Q

Horney

A

Studied sexuality and anxiety

40
Q

Basic anxiety

A

Feeling alone and helpless in a hostile world

41
Q

Neurotic needs

A

Need becomes neurotic when it is rigid, inflexible

42
Q

Maslow

A

Abandoned behaviorism, created the hierarchy of needs

43
Q

Hierarchy of needs

A

Self- actualization, esteem, social, safety, physiological

44
Q

Self- actualization

A

The full development of ones abilities and the realization of ones potential

45
Q

Rogers

A

Founder of the humanistic approach

46
Q

Conditional positive regard

A

Conditional —> incongruence, unconditional positive regard —> congruence

47
Q

Seligman

A

Positive psychology

48
Q

Positive psychology

A

Study of happiness and optimal human functioning

49
Q

Cognitive psychology

A

A system of psychology that focuses on the process of knowing, on how the mind actively organizes experiences

50
Q

Piaget

A

Stages of cognitive development

51
Q

Neisser

A

Led shift from behaviorism to cognitive psychology

52
Q

Artificial intelligence

A

Computers

53
Q

Turing test

A

A test of a machines ability to exhibit intelligent behavior equivalent to a human

54
Q

Evolutionary psychology

A

All psychological mechanisms originate from evolutionary processes

History Of Psych. (3 decks)

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