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History Of Psych. > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Hereditary Genius

A

The first social scientific attempt to study genius and greatness

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2
Q

Eugenics

A

The set of beliefs that aim to improve the genetic quality of human evolution

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3
Q

Stream of Consciousness

A

The flow of thought in the conscious mind

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4
Q

James-Lange view of emotion

A

Emotions occur as a result of physiological reactions to events

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5
Q

APA

A

GS Hall founded This in 1892

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6
Q

Reflex arc

A

Neural pathway that controls a reflex

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7
Q

Stanford Binet

A

An individually administered intelligence test

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8
Q

Suggestibility in advertising

A

Operant factor in advertising

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9
Q

Drive reduction

A

Created by Clark Hull, first theory of motivation

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10
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Learning process through which behavior is modified by reward or punishment

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11
Q

Schedules of reinforcement

A

Continuous: occurs when reinforcement is delivered after every single behavior

Intermittent: delivered after some behaviors but not each one

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12
Q

Behavior modification

A

The treatment approach that focused on changing behavior, created by Skinner

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13
Q

Vicarious reinforcement

A

Our tendency to repeat behaviors for which others are being rewarded

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14
Q

Rotter

A

Guy who created the 13-item questionnaire called ‘locus of control’

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15
Q

Locus of control

A

The degree to which people believe that they have control over the outcome of their life events

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16
Q

Comparative Psych

A

Study of the behavior and mental processes of non-human animals

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17
Q

Applied Psych

A

The use of methods and findings of scientific psychology to solve practical problems of human and animal behavior

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18
Q

Dev. Psych.

A

The study of the psychological growth of humans

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19
Q

Industrial/organizational Psych

A

Applies psychological theories and principles to organizations

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20
Q

Forensic Psych

A

The interaction of the practice of psychology and law

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21
Q

Clinical Psych

A

The branch of Psych concerned with the assessment and treatment of mental illness and disability

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22
Q

C Lloyd Morgan

A

Law of parsimony: don’t explain behavior by higher processes if it can be simpler

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23
Q

George Romanes

A

Animal intelligence

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24
Q

Charles Darwin

A

Evolution

25
Q

Wallace

A

Evolution by natural selection

26
Q

Galton

A

Individual differences

Wealthy genius, cousin of Darwin

27
Q

Cattell

A

Coined the term “mental test”

First professorship in Psych in world 1888 at university of Pennsylvania

28
Q

William James

A

Philosopher of pragmatism

Neurasthenia: determinism and free will

29
Q

GS Hall

A

Promoter of Psych
John Hopkins: first psych lab 1883
American journal of Psych 1887

30
Q

Helen Thompson Woolley

A

Mental traits of sex 1903

No significant difference between sexes

31
Q

Francis Cecil Sumner

A

First black PhD in Psych

Chair of Psych at Howard uni in 1920

32
Q

John Dewey

A

Criticized analyzing behavior in reflexes

Reflex arc

33
Q

Alfred Binet

A

Developed first intelligence test

34
Q

Louis B Terman

A

Stanford-Binet

Intelligence Quotient

35
Q

Henry Goddard

A

Tested immigrants at Ellis Island

36
Q

Lighter Witmer

A

First psychology clinic

Clinic for child evolution, not therapy

37
Q

Walter Dill Scott

A

Industrial organizational Psych.

Personnel selection in military 1917

38
Q

John Watson

A

Founded behaviorism

Became youngest PhD from Chicago

39
Q

Loeb

A

German zoologist

Studied tropisms

40
Q

Thorndike

A

Studied chickens in mazes by staking book

Studied under James at Harvard

41
Q

Bekhterev

A

Studied motor reflexes

42
Q

Mary Cover Jones

A

1924, de conditioned fear of rabbits in 3 yo boy “little peter”

43
Q

Karl Lashley

A

Brain mechanisms and intelligence

44
Q

William McDougall

A

Replaced Munsterberg as chair of Harvard Psych department

45
Q

Functionalism

A

System of Psych concerned with the mind as it is used in an organisms adaptation to its environment

46
Q

Social Darwinism

A

Evolution=progress

Intelligence=adaptation

47
Q

Determinism

A

The doctrine that acts are determined by past events

48
Q

Pragmatism

A

The doctrine that the validity of ideas is measured by their practical consequences

49
Q

Behaviorism

A

Watson’s science of behavior, which dealt solely with observable behavioral acts that could be described in objective terms

50
Q

Tropism

A

An involuntary forced movement

51
Q

Associationism

A

The notion that knowledge results from linking or associating simple ideas to form complex ones

52
Q

Operationism

A

The doctrine that a physical concept can be defined in precise terms related to the set of operations by which it is determined

53
Q

Purposive behaviorism

A

Talman’s system combining the objective study of behavior with the consideration of purposiveness or goal orientation in behavior

54
Q

Law of effect

A

Action followed by satisfier is associated with the situation, more likely to recur

55
Q

Law of exercise

A

Use: strengthens connections with practice
Disuse: weakens connections with disuse

56
Q

Uquipotentiality

A

One part of cortex is equal to another in learning

57
Q

Eugenics

A

Applied evolution

58
Q

Army alpha

A

Literate

59
Q

Army Beta

A

Illiterate

History Of Psych. (3 decks)

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