Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

4 p’s of marketing

A

product, place, price and promotion

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2
Q

functions of promotion

A

inform
educate
persuade
remind

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3
Q

Tips for writing effective copy

A
clarity
details
use the senses
use personal experiences
general versus detail
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4
Q

Seven principles of design

A
unity
gestalt
space
dominance
hierarchy
balance
colour
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5
Q

Registration issues

A
liability release form
distribution
timing
fees
credit cards
cancellations and refunds
transfers
guarantees
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6
Q

Types of queues 4

A

single line: single service
multiple lines: multiple service
single: multiple service
Station to station

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7
Q

Reducing anxiety in queues

A
  • register the order of service
  • improve speed of service
  • assure service while in the line
  • post the time required in the line
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8
Q

Other registration and queuing issues

A
  • giveaways
  • pre-queues
  • no queues
  • scalping
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9
Q

Registration methods

A
  • central location
  • program location
  • telephone
  • fax-in
  • online method
  • combination of methods
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10
Q

Aspects of the recreation and leisure industry

A
  • seasonal jobs
  • part-time employment
  • low wages
  • high turnover
  • young profession that does not always value education
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11
Q

Staff processing

A
  • job analysis
  • job description
  • recruitment
  • selection
  • orientation
  • training
  • appraisal
  • compensation
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12
Q

Supervising operations

A
  • management by walking around: an agenda
  • verify: that the program is being conducted
  • assure quality level
  • observe performance of on-site staff
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13
Q

2 major pricing strategies

A
  • Cost base pricing

- pricing not directly based on cost

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14
Q

Things to remember when building waivers

A
  • is the setting appropriate for the waiver?
  • is the waiver easy to understand?
  • all activities, parties and risks covered?
  • does the person have the authority to sign, did they read, sign voluntarily
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15
Q

What does pricing do?

A
  • determines who can participate
  • determines the amount of revenue
  • provides info on cost recovery
  • allows you to plan
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16
Q

PMAS step 1

A

-two major pricing strategies:

cost based and pricing not directly based on cost

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17
Q

Two types of pricing not directly based on cost

A
  • going-rate pricing: based on what other competitors are charging
  • demand oriented pricing: charge all of your participants what they are willing to pay
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18
Q

Public programs

A

-funded by taxes, free for participants

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19
Q

Merit programs

A

-partially subsidized with tax dollars but also have fees attached

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20
Q

Private programs:

A

Paid entirely by participants

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21
Q

Line units

A

units directly involved in the production and delivery of an organization’s services and products (recreation staff)

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22
Q

Service units

A

provides services to other units and to the org as a whole (computer to take registration)

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23
Q

Cost:

A

a measurement in monetary terms of the amount of resources used for some purpose

24
Q

Price

A

the dollar amount the agency charges participants

25
Q

Cost objective

A

any activity for which a separate measurement of cost is desired

26
Q

Direct costs

A

those that can be traced to a specific cost objective

27
Q

Indirect costs

A

costs that an agency can incur regardless of whether or not a agency runs a specific program (cost of a computer)

28
Q

Cost allocation:

A

process pf identifying and assigning costs to various cost objectives

29
Q

Variable costs:

A

those that change directly and proportionately with changes in volume (i.e.: as many textbooks as participants)

30
Q

Fixed costs

A

those that do not change in volume (pool rental even if you have two or six participants)

31
Q

Changing fixed costs

A

those that change in the same direction but not proportionately with changes in volume or the number of participants (extra lifeguard if you go over 1:40 ratio)

32
Q

Break-even point

A

variable cost and fixed costs have been added

When total costs and total revenue are equal

33
Q

Pricing ideas and thoughts:

A
  • promos, gorupons
  • pricing to fill low demand times
  • price barriers (what price will you not pay for?)
  • perceived value
  • service vs. business
  • access vs. quality
  • partnering to offer programs
34
Q

Pricing Products

A

determining how much to charge for your product

35
Q

Price considerations: 6

A
  • desired profit
  • product quality
  • competition
  • consumer resistance to price
  • company pricing philosophy
  • market share desired
36
Q

Program evaluation

A

The careful collection of information about a program or some aspect of it, in order to make necessary decisions about the program

37
Q

Purpose of program evaluation (3)

A
  • program development
  • organizational management
  • establishing accountability
38
Q

Why do programs need continuous feedback?

A

-everything is always changing so you need constant feedback so they can continuously adapt to changing needs

39
Q

Evaluation planner 9

A
  1. purpose
  2. audience
  3. process
  4. issues
  5. resources
  6. evidence
  7. data-gathering
  8. analysis
  9. reporting
40
Q

Steps of program evaluation

A
  1. purpose of eval
  2. process for collecting the info
  3. analyzing the info
  4. reporting the info
41
Q

What is questioned in the purpose of evaluation 4

A
  1. what are you going to evaluate?
  2. What is the purpose of the eval?
  3. Who will use the dat?
  4. What questions will the eval seek to answer
42
Q

What is questioned in the collection of info? 3

A
  1. what source of info will you use?
  2. what data collection methods will you use?
  3. what collection procedures will you use?
43
Q

What is questioned in analyzing the info? 2

A
  1. how will the data be analyzed?

2. how will the info be interpreted and by whom?

44
Q

What is questioned in the reporting of the info?

A

How will the eval be communicated and shared?

45
Q

What is in the body of a report?

A
  • purpose
  • background info
  • eval techniques
  • findings
  • use of the report
46
Q

What are the components of a comprehensive eval system?

A
  • formative eval
  • summative eval
  • ongoing in-depth eval
  • eval database
  • strategic eval
47
Q

What is a service hour evaluation technique? 1 and example

A

-expands on the traditional head count
-1 participant per hour
e.g.: 30 participants for 1 hour = 30 service hours
15 participants for 2 hours= 30 service hours

48
Q

What is satisfaction based evaluation? 2

A
  • participant satisfaction
  • the degree to which programs have provided leisure experience for participants
  • can be used to judge the worth of the program
49
Q

What is goal and objective evaluation? 3

A
  • Goals and objectives are developed
  • Operation of the program is compared to G/O
  • Should be compared by program staff and participants
50
Q

Triangulated evaluation

A
  • assumes that data is gathered from multiple perspectives

- evaluation of data from three sources

51
Q

Disposition plan options 3

A
  1. operate program with no changes
  2. modify program
  3. terminate it
52
Q

Program lifecycle: Introduction

A

lots of effort to launch, cost per participant is high due to low registration

53
Q

Program lifecycle: Growth

A

number of patrons increases rapidly, programmer must meet demand

54
Q

Program lifecycle: Maturation

A

rate of new patrons slows down, most marketing problems occur, longest stage

55
Q

Program lifecycle: Saturation

A

almost all repeat business, most competitive stage

56
Q

Program lifecycle: decline

A

falling enrolments

57
Q

Why is PLC useful?

A

helpful to know your stage to make an appropriate disposition decisions