Test 3 Flashcards
___________ refers to how we see or define ourselves and reflects self-evaluations of our abilities, personal characteristic, and other attributes
Self-concept
Body image is multi-dimensional. Which of the following dimension reflect feelings experienced in relation to the body’s appearance and function.
Affective or emotional dimension
Drawing the outline of your body shape on the chalk board is a measure of the _________ dimension of body image.
perceptive
The type of clothing a person wears to the gym is an indication of the __________ dimension of body image.
behavioral
A person whose body reality and body ideal are very similar usually has a ____________. A person perceives his or her body reality to be less favorable than the body ideal indicating _____________.
A. healthy body image, healthy body image
Which of the following body image disorder can be classified as the binge-eating type?
A. Anorexia nervosa
B. Bulimia nervosa
Which of the following is a measurement for behavioral dimension of body image?
Assess the frequency with which one engages in behaviors that might indicate body image disturbance.
Exercise has a small but significant influence on global/general self-perceptions
True
Which of the following is a mechanism of change for self-esteem?
A. Changes in physical performance or fitness.
B. Increases in physical self-efficacy.
C. Improvements in body image.
Exercise appear to be effective for enhancing body image for:
Both men and women
In Sonstroem and Morgan (1989)’s exercise and self-esteem model, physical acceptance is operationalized as scores on measures of
Body Image
Which of the following is NOT true about body image effects on exercise?
Women with higher social physique anxiety tend to stand closer to the instructor than women with low social physique anxiety
Which of the following is a suggestion to ensure that physical activity will lead to improvements in self-concept/self-esteem?
A. Provide opportunities for exercisers to obtain feedback on their progress with regard to physical fitness and/or performance changes.
B. Conduct baseline health and fitness assessments, and repeat every few weeks
In Sonstroem and Morgan (1989)’s exercise and self-esteem model, increase in physical performance always results in physical self-concept and body image improving to the same extent.
False
Participants with higher self-esteem is more likely to adhere to an exercise program than participants who have lower self-esteem.
True
Which of the following are considered stressors
A.Physical threats
B. Midterm exams
C. Aerobic exercise
Of the following, which is/are considered sources of eustress?
Job Promotion
Which of the following is NOT a stage of general adaptation syndrome?
Relaxation
When an acute, or short-term, stressor is encountered, the initial reaction or stage is referred to as ___?
Arousal and Alarm
If the stressor becomes prolonged, or chronic, with no resolution, the individual becomes over-loaded; this is referred to as the “stage of ____.” The individual experiences sufficient strain to case fatigue and numerous, insidious stress-related disorders.
Exhaustion
Which of the following refers to achieving stability through change, and reflects the balance of essential coping/adaptation systems?
Allostasis
Which of the following states that exposure to a stressor of sufficient intensity and/or duration will induce adaptation of stress response systems and decreased sensitivity, and such adaptation becomes apparent under other similarly taxing states?
Cross-stressor adaptation hypothesis
Exercise training is thought to develop cross-stressor tolerance through which of the following process/processes?
A. Habituation
B. Sensitization
“Which of the following is the scientific discipline that examines cognitive, emotional, and behavioral events through their manifestation as physiological processes and events?”
Psychophysiology
Which of the following measures is/are used to assess stress?
A. Self-report measurement
B. Cardiovascular measurement
C. Hormonal measurement
Stress response is initiated when some real, or expected threat (or challenge) is encountered; Stress response will not be initiated when encounter perceived challenge.
False
As level of fitness increase, inflammatory response to stress increase.
False
Fitness or exercise training may provide a more rapid recovery from a stressor, once it is no longer present.
True
Mental health is defined as a state of successful performance of mental function. The level of positive/negative mental health can be determined by which of the following?
A. Resultant level of productive activities
B. Fulfilling relationships with other people
C. Ability to adapt to change and to cope with adversity
Which of the following is defined as Marked, persistent anxiety in social situations (e.g., public speaking).
Social anxiety disorder
Anxiety and behavioral disturbances following exposure to physical assault that persist for more than one month is an example of _____________
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Which of the following is/are physiological measure for anxiety?
A. Muscle Tension
B. Blood pressure and heart rate
“In four separate cross-sectional epidemiological studies examining the link between exercise and anxiety, Stevens and colleagues (1988) found which of the following?”
A. Fewer symptoms of anxiety were seen with greater levels of physical activity.
B. Individuals who were more sedentary had more anxiety symptoms.
Which conclusion can be made from the chart below?
Exercise is almost as good as drug treatment in reducing self-reported anxiety
Which of the following types of exercise reliably reduce levels of anxiety?
Aerobic Exercise
Which of the following is NOT true?
Anxiety is reduced following resistance exercise.
If, on a questionnaire measure of anxiety, individuals are asked to respond based on how they generally feel, which of the following is the questionnaire assessing?”
Trait Anxiety
Which of the following hypothesis states that “Anxiety-reducing effects seen with exercise are due to the distraction it provides from the normal routine. It allows the stressed, anxious, depressed person to “leave behind” or take a time-out from his or her cares and worries”?
Distraction Hypothesis
Exercise of sufficient intensity and/or duration will often lead to an increase in body temperature, which may have therapeutic effects. Of the following proposed mechanisms to explain the effects of exercise to alleviate anxiety, which is based on temperature change?”
Thermogenic Hypothesis
Panic disorder occurs twice as common in men as in women.
False
