Test 3 Flashcards
What time period is the Romantic Era?
1810-1910
What is Strophic form?
When the same music is used for multiple verses of songs. (ex. hymns)
What is Modified Strophic form?
When the same music is used for most of the verses, but some are altered.
What is Through-composed?
Each verse has different music
What is Rubato Technique?
Allows the performer to speed up or slow down the notes of a piece of music
What is Leitmotivs?
Short melodies that represent people, places, objects, emotions and intents.
What is the ‘idee fixe’?
melody that represents a character in a story. Means fixed idea
What is Nationalism?
A music style in which the composers nationality or homeland is reflected in their music.
What are Art Songs?
Art songs are songs for solo voice and piano. Meant to be performed in homes.
What is a ‘lied’?
An art song based on a German Romantic poem.
What is a song cycle?
A collection of art songs written with poetry.
What is a character piece?
Short solo piano piece with no set form. Considered program music.
What is the program symphony?
They tell a story using program music. No set form.
What is a concert overture?
single movement orchestral piece. One piece among many pieces in a concert.
What is Symphonic Poem/ Tone Poem?
Single-movement work for orchestra, tell a story and our not set form.
What is Music Drama/ Gesamtkunstwerk?
Means “Total Work of Art.” Wagner defined this terms for his Opera’s.
What is a French Grand Opera?
A type of opera in the French language where everything is grand.
What is verismo?
Means Realism. Described Italian Opera’s in which humanity was depicted realistically.
What is Paraphrase/ Transcription/ Arrangement?
Paraphrase: rewrites music
Transcription: change the performing force (instrument)
Arrangement: Changing the style
What is a Ballet?
A genre in which the story is told through music and dance.
What is impressionism?
music when the composer attempts to convey an impression of something
What is whole-tone scale?
all whole steps, no half
What is a pentatonic scale?
a scale that only has five pitches before reaching the octave
What is Expressionism?
non-traditional music that deals with disturbing subjects
What is Atonality?
composing music with a complete lack of a tonal center
What is Bitonality?
A composer used two tonal centers at the same time
What is Polytonality?
When there are two or more tonal centers at the same time
What is Polyrhythm?
Two contrasting rhythms occurring at the same time
What is Polymeter?
Multiple meters are occurring at the same time
What is Irregular meters?
Meters that are not divisible by two or three
What is Sprechstimme?
Singer does not sing the pitches but speaks the pitches
What is Serialism?
Where a specific series of notes is used in order to avoid a sense of tonality
What is Indeterminacy?
technique where part of performance is not pre-determined by the composer
What is Aleatory Music?
Indeterminacy music, called gambling or chance music
What is prepared piano?
Inserting various objects between the strings of a piano to make special sounds
What is Extended Technique”
anything an instrumentalist does to create sound outside the normal of their instrument
What is Quoting and borrowing?
Quoting is taking exact other piece, borrowing can be changed a bit
What is electro-acoustic?
When electronic means are used to create music
What is Chamber music?
music in the recital and concert halls with little form
What is a Brass Quintet?
two trumpets, one horn, one trombone, and one tuba
What is a Pierrot Ensemble?
chamber music group with one flute, clarinet, ciolin, cello and piano
When is the Contemporary Era?
1960 - Present
What is minimalism?
short motives, simple melodies, and simple harmonic progression
What is Phasing?
technique where two performers gradually get out of sync and then come back together
